EXAMINATION 2025/2026
Comprehensive Evaluation of Population Health, Epidemiology, Health
Promotion, and Community-Based Nursing Practice
System thinking
Individuals/ Unit interact with Organization/ systems.
- useful in examining cause and effect
Upstream thinking
Interventions that promote health or prevent illness
(as oppose to medical treatment)
Nightingale Environmental Theory
Relationship between Environment and health.
Emphasizes: Preventive Care
Health Belief Model
Predicts/ Explains health Behavior
Assumes: Action taken to avoid diseases.
Change at an individual level
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,describes likelihood that actions would be taken based on certain behavior
Health Belief Model: Factors that promotes or inhibits actions to avoid diseases
1. threat/ seriousness
2.cues to action (advertisement)
3. Modifiable factors (knowledge level/ demo)
4. Benefits minus percieved barriers
Milos framework for preventions
Change at the community level.
Behavior changes within a large number leads to social change.
Penders Health Promotion Factors:
1. Personal factors
2. Benefits/ Barriers/ characteristics.
3. Attitudes of others
Health Indicators
The health status of a community
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, Determinants of health
factors that influence health
Community Nurses Responsibilities
determines a communities health.
Identifies needs and implement them.
Public Health Nursing
Population Focused.
Goal: Health Promotion.
they Conduct research to gain new knowledge and solutions.
3 core functions of public health
1. Assessment- identify problem, diagnose and investigate.
2. Policy Development- developes law/ practices that promotes health based on scientific
evidence.
3. Assurance- making sure adequate health care personnel and services are accessible.
Population focused Nursing
Assessing to determine needs, intervening to protect and prevent diseases within a specific
population.
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