ENGL 216 CERTIFICATION SCRIPT 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
◉formalist criticism. Answer: literary criticism that looks at a work
of literature as a unique creation apart from its author or historical
context; focuses on how the structure of the text is related to the
content, how the parts of the text relate to the whole, how literary
devices such as figurative language contribute to the text's meaning,
and how the text uses motifs (repeated images and ideas)
◉historical criticism. Answer: literary criticism that uses historical
context to analyze and interpret literature; focuses on what was
going on during the time period in which the work was written, how
the work reflects or comments on the culture in which it was
written, and how the work would have affected the original audience
◉feminist criticism. Answer: literary criticism that considers gender
when analyzing and interpreting literature; focuses on the role of
women in society, how women are portrayed in literature, how
literature reinforces or challenges gender stereotypes, and how
gender roles are defined
, ◉transitions. Answer: words that are used to smoothly connect
sentences, ideas, or paragraphs
◉debate. Answer: a discussion in which people express different
opinions about a topic; the purpose of a debate is to convince an
audience that one side of the argument is more valid than another
◉active listener. Answer: look at the person who is speaking, pay
close attention to what others are saying, take notes on the other
side's argument, and consider possible responses
◉allusion. Answer: a reference to a person, place, event, or idea
from history or literature; example: "it's raining like it's time to build
an ark" is a reference to Noah's Ark and great flood from the Bible;
writers use allusions to engage the audience by reminding them of
familiar stories, convey a lot of information quickly, and reveal layers
of meaning
◉personification. Answer: the attribution of human qualities to an
object or an abstract concept; example: "the door cried in protest
when she opened it"
◉apostrophe (in figurative language). Answer: an address to an
object, an idea, or an absent person
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
◉formalist criticism. Answer: literary criticism that looks at a work
of literature as a unique creation apart from its author or historical
context; focuses on how the structure of the text is related to the
content, how the parts of the text relate to the whole, how literary
devices such as figurative language contribute to the text's meaning,
and how the text uses motifs (repeated images and ideas)
◉historical criticism. Answer: literary criticism that uses historical
context to analyze and interpret literature; focuses on what was
going on during the time period in which the work was written, how
the work reflects or comments on the culture in which it was
written, and how the work would have affected the original audience
◉feminist criticism. Answer: literary criticism that considers gender
when analyzing and interpreting literature; focuses on the role of
women in society, how women are portrayed in literature, how
literature reinforces or challenges gender stereotypes, and how
gender roles are defined
, ◉transitions. Answer: words that are used to smoothly connect
sentences, ideas, or paragraphs
◉debate. Answer: a discussion in which people express different
opinions about a topic; the purpose of a debate is to convince an
audience that one side of the argument is more valid than another
◉active listener. Answer: look at the person who is speaking, pay
close attention to what others are saying, take notes on the other
side's argument, and consider possible responses
◉allusion. Answer: a reference to a person, place, event, or idea
from history or literature; example: "it's raining like it's time to build
an ark" is a reference to Noah's Ark and great flood from the Bible;
writers use allusions to engage the audience by reminding them of
familiar stories, convey a lot of information quickly, and reveal layers
of meaning
◉personification. Answer: the attribution of human qualities to an
object or an abstract concept; example: "the door cried in protest
when she opened it"
◉apostrophe (in figurative language). Answer: an address to an
object, an idea, or an absent person
