MedTech FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% GUARANTEED SOLUTIONS

Study of the immune system - began as a study of infectious disease - correct answers Immunology Components of the Paramyxoviruses (RSV) : (6) - correct answers (1) HH/H/G glycoprotein spikes (2) F glycoprotein spikes (3)Helical nucelocapsid (RNA plus NP protein) (4)Lipid bilayer membrane (5) Polymerase (2 proteins) The ___________________ system is fundamental to good health - correct answers immune In waht two cases can the immune system cuse disease? (2) - correct answers (1) Allergies (2) Autoimmune disease These Immunological-based Assays are used in all laboratory departments: (6) - correct answers (1) Disease diagnosis (2) Identify microorganisms (3) Type blood and tissue (4) Identify Cells (5) Detect nonimmunological function (6) Evaluate immune function The immune system is ____________ - has many functions - correct answers complex There are the modes of natural resistant (nonspecific) in immune response: (5) - correct answers (1) Physical barriers (skin, nails) (2) Secretions (3) Phagocytes (4) Inflammation (5) Natural biochemicals (histamine, heparin, opsin) Basophils/Mastt cells secret these these item during the inflammatory response - correct answers granules and histamine Why is heparin released? - correct answers Allow the phagocyte to flow easier Whta is the inflammatory function of histamine? - correct answers It calms down the inflammation 3 Components of specific immunity: - correct answers (1) Recognition (2) Specificity (3) Memory - anamnestic reponse What are the main cells, tissues and organs involved in the immune response? - correct answers T and B cells Primary lymphoid organs Secondary Lymphoid tissue These are the primary lymphoid organs - correct answers Bone marrow Thymus These are the secondary lymphoid tissues: - correct answers Spleen Lymph nodes Tonsils When we talk about humoral immunity, we are referring to the action of ___________________. - correct answers antibodies What cells are involved in humoral immunity? - correct answers B Lymphocytes Plasma cells Antibodies Humoral immunity is effective against - correct answers toxins and most bacteria ___________________________ are effective and specificWhat cells are inovlved in cell-medited immunity? ; they only bind to a specific ntigen - correct answers T Lymphocytes Macrophages Cytokines/Lymphokines Cell mediated immunity is effective against: - correct answers Viruses Intracellular organisms Tumor cells What are the 2 subset sof T Lymphocytes? - correct answers (1) CD4 (+) helper cells (2) CD8 (+) cytotoxic cells HIV destroys these cells - correct answers CD4 + cells - people don't die from the virus - they die from the secondary infections that they cannot fight off Immunoglobulins have (2) - correct answers (1) Epitope-binding site (2) Heavy and light chains What two fragments make up the immunoglobulin? - correct answers (1) Fab (2) Fc This fragment of the Ab can change based on what you are looking for - correct answers Fab This fragment of the Ab is a part of the constant region; doesn't change - correct answers Fc What are the 5 classes of IG? - correct answers (1) IgG (2) IgM (3) IgA (4) IgD (5) IgE What are the 2 main immunoglobulins - correct answers IgG and IgM Describe the primary immune response and what immunoglobulins are secreted. - correct answers (1) First Ag exposure (2) First Ab made are IgM == 10 binding sites because pentavalent (3) levels of IgM taper off as the titer goes down Describe the secondary immune response and what immunoglobulins are secreted. - correct answers (1) IgG is made in greater amounts (2) Still produce some IgM Name 4 diseases of the immune system: - correct answers (1) Allergies (2) Autoimmune disease (3) Inherited or congenital problems (4) Malignancies - lymphoma - leukemia Immunological tests are based on these reactions - correct answers Ag-Ab reactions _______________________ antibodies are found from multiple sources - correct answers polyclonal ________________________ antibodies are isolated from a single source - correct answers monoclonal Ag-Ab reactions test for - correct answers sensitivity ad specificity 3 specificities for immunological testing - correct answers (1) Qualitative (Yes/No) (2) Semi-qualitative (range between 150-300) (3) Quantitative (specific # 5) This type of Ag-Ab test looks for Ab + particulate Ag - correct answers Agglutination - we're looking for an Ab - when Ag mixes with Ab they will bind - multiple Ab will bind to Ag (because Ab ahs multiple binding sites) - we get a clump when they bind together This type of Ag-Ab test looks for Ab +soluble Ag - correct answers Precipitation - when mixed together we get a precipitate (lattice formation) In this type of Ab-Ag test: (1) Ab is added to soluble Ag (2) Through rocket electrophoresis a current is applied (3) The more they diffuse out means that there is more Ag-Ab complexes present - correct answers Agar precipitation In this type of Ab-Ag test: (1) A duilute Ag and Ab suspension is added to a tube (2) Light source shines rays onto the tube - correct answers Nephelometry A (-) sample; light will shine through with no deflection A (+) sampleiN THIS TYPE OF aG-aB TEST; lattice forms so deflections and light scattering occurs In a __________________ immunoassay, if Ag is present in a sample, the Ag will bind to the Ab on the membrane and release a chromogen (color) - correct answers membrane Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is highy - correct answers contagious IM is found in mostly - correct answers 15-25 year olds What is the causative agent of infectious mononucelosis? - correct answers Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) - transmitted worldwide - latent - transmission - linked with other conditions NAme off some clinical symptoms of IM: (5) - correct answers (1) Fever (2) Sore throat (3) Fatigue