PHA1500 Structure and Function of the Human Body
Module 2 Reflection Assignment
Directions: Save this document to your computer. Answer all questions below and
upload the completed document before the assignment due date. Refer to the
rubric for grading criteria.
Short Answer Questions
Directions: For each short answer question, please type your response below the
question.
1. What are some of the main differences between the sympathetic
nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system? When are
each of these divisions activated? What are the effects of each division
on the body?
These are two of the opposing divisions of the autonomic nervous
system. The sympathetic nervous system is activated during stress,
danger, or exercise. Meaning that the heart rate rises. The
parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) is activated during rest and
relaxation. Which means the heart rate is decreased.
2. What role do hormones play in the body? How do hormones travel from
the gland where they are produced out to target cells? What is a target
cell?
The role that hormones play in the body is that it manages numerous
processes by acting as signaling molecules. It helps regulate the
energy, growth, development and the stress. Hormones travel by the
endocrine glands releasing hormones into the bloodstream. Then it
, diffuses through the extracellular fluid. From there a cell is released
and binds to a receptor. A target cell is any cell that contains specific
receptors for a particular hormone.
3. The brain controls the actions of all other organ systems in the body.
How does the brain communicate with the body to control the
functions of these organ systems? What is an action potential and what
role do action potentials play in the process of the brain controlling
other body functions?
The brain communicates with the body by receiving sensory input from
the body and sends commands through motor neurons and the spinal
cord. An action potential is a rapid, temporary shift in a neuron's
membrane potential it’s an electrical impulse. It travels to be a signal
or communication between the neurons, muscles, and glands. When
that happens the brain uses these impulses to control the body
functions triggering muscle contraction and sensation.
Drawing Prompts
For each drawing prompt below, take a photo of your hand-drawn image. Paste the
image into the space below the corresponding prompt.
4. Draw an outline of the human body. Draw and label the following
endocrine glands in your image:
a. Adrenal glands
b. Gonads (ovaries/testes)
c. Hypothalamus
d. Pancreas
e. Parathyroid gland
Module 2 Reflection Assignment
Directions: Save this document to your computer. Answer all questions below and
upload the completed document before the assignment due date. Refer to the
rubric for grading criteria.
Short Answer Questions
Directions: For each short answer question, please type your response below the
question.
1. What are some of the main differences between the sympathetic
nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system? When are
each of these divisions activated? What are the effects of each division
on the body?
These are two of the opposing divisions of the autonomic nervous
system. The sympathetic nervous system is activated during stress,
danger, or exercise. Meaning that the heart rate rises. The
parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) is activated during rest and
relaxation. Which means the heart rate is decreased.
2. What role do hormones play in the body? How do hormones travel from
the gland where they are produced out to target cells? What is a target
cell?
The role that hormones play in the body is that it manages numerous
processes by acting as signaling molecules. It helps regulate the
energy, growth, development and the stress. Hormones travel by the
endocrine glands releasing hormones into the bloodstream. Then it
, diffuses through the extracellular fluid. From there a cell is released
and binds to a receptor. A target cell is any cell that contains specific
receptors for a particular hormone.
3. The brain controls the actions of all other organ systems in the body.
How does the brain communicate with the body to control the
functions of these organ systems? What is an action potential and what
role do action potentials play in the process of the brain controlling
other body functions?
The brain communicates with the body by receiving sensory input from
the body and sends commands through motor neurons and the spinal
cord. An action potential is a rapid, temporary shift in a neuron's
membrane potential it’s an electrical impulse. It travels to be a signal
or communication between the neurons, muscles, and glands. When
that happens the brain uses these impulses to control the body
functions triggering muscle contraction and sensation.
Drawing Prompts
For each drawing prompt below, take a photo of your hand-drawn image. Paste the
image into the space below the corresponding prompt.
4. Draw an outline of the human body. Draw and label the following
endocrine glands in your image:
a. Adrenal glands
b. Gonads (ovaries/testes)
c. Hypothalamus
d. Pancreas
e. Parathyroid gland
