Verified And Well Analyzed Exam Questions (Actual Exam
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Theory -ANSWERS-A hypothesis that has been tested with a significant amount of
data, backed by strong evidence
Law -ANSWERS-A descriptive statement or equation that reliably predicts events under
certain conditions
Aerobic respiration -ANSWERS-The process by which cells convert glucose and
oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water.
Anaerobic respiration -ANSWERS-Respiration in the absence of oxygen. This produces
lactic acid.
Photosynthesis -ANSWERS-Plants use the sun's energy to convert water and carbon
dioxide into sugars
Stimulus -ANSWERS-A change in an organism's surroundings that causes the
organism to react
Neuron -ANSWERS-A nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system
Impulse -ANSWERS-An electrical message that carries information in the nervous
system.
Hormone -ANSWERS-Chemical messengers, mostly those manufactured by the
endocrine glands, that are produced in one tissue and affect another
,Receptor molecules -ANSWERS-Proteins on surface of cell membrane that receive
signals from the nervous and endocrine system
Organic compound -ANSWERS-Any compound of carbon and another element or a
radical
Sugars -ANSWERS-Carbohydrates found both in food and in the body
Fatty acids -ANSWERS-Chains of carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms; building
blocks of lipids
Amino acids -ANSWERS-A simple organic compound containing both a carboxyl (—
COOH) and an amino (—NH2) group.
Nucleotides -ANSWERS-Basic units of DNA molecule, composed of a sugar, a
phosphate, and one of 4 DNA bases
Covalent bond -ANSWERS-A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons
between atoms in a molecule
Ionic bond -ANSWERS-Formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one
atom to another
Dehydration synthesis (condensation) -ANSWERS-A chemical reaction in which two
molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule.
Hydrolysis -ANSWERS-Breaking of covalent bonds
Hydrogen bonds -ANSWERS-Very weak bonds; occurs when a hydrogen atom in one
molecule is attracted to the electrostatic atom in another molecule; strongest IMF
, London Dispersion forces -ANSWERS-The intermolecular attractions resulting from the
constant motion of electrons and the creation of instantaneous dipoles; weakest IMF
Dipole-dipole forces -ANSWERS-Attractions between oppositely charged regions of
polar molecules
Ion-dipole forces -ANSWERS-Attractive forces between an ion and a polar molecule
Starch -ANSWERS-Energy store in plants (polysaccharide)
Glycogen -ANSWERS-Energy store in animals (polysaccharide)
Carbohydrates -ANSWERS-The starches and sugars present in foods; simplified sugars
that supply energy
Lipids -ANSWERS-Substances that are soluble in nonpolar solvent
Protein -ANSWERS-A three dimensional polymer made of monomers of amino acids.
Hypothesis -ANSWERS-A testable prediction, often implied by a theory
Control -ANSWERS-In an experiment, the standard that is used for comparison
Experimental group -ANSWERS-In an experiment, the group that is exposed to the
treatment, that is, to one version of the independent variable.
Independent variable -ANSWERS-The experimental factor that is manipulated; the
variable whose effect is being measured. Plotted on the x axis