, TESTBANK FOR Psychology Themes and Variations 12th Edition Weiten
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,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - The Evolution of Psychology
1. Which of the following BEST reflects the current understanding of pathological gambling, according to recent
psychological research?
a. Pathological gambling is primarily caused by substance abuse and can be treated with medication alone.
b. Distorted thinking patterns are the sole cause of gambling disorders.
c. There is no single explanation for pathological gambling; it likely results from multiple interacting influences.
d. Brain imaging has conclusively identified the neurological basis of gambling addiction.
ANSWER: c
2. The term psychology comes from two Greek words, psyche and logos, which in translation mean
a. brain and writing.
b. brain and the study of a subject.
c. the soul and writing.
d. the soul and the study of a subject.
ANSWER: d
3. Psychology’s intellectual parents are philosophy and what other discipline?
a. Phlebotomy
b. Philanthropy
c. Physiology
d. Phrenology
ANSWER: c
4. Who is credited with establishing the first laboratory and conducting research in the field of psychology in Leipzig,
Germany, in 1879?
a. Edward Tichener
b. Wilhelm Wundt
c. Sigmund Freud
d. John B. Watson
ANSWER: b
5. Which psychological school of thought emphasizes breaking down and analyzing one’s conscious experiences?
a. Functionalism
b. Structuralism
c. Behaviorism
d. Psychoanalysis
ANSWER: b
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,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - The Evolution of Psychology
6. Wundt asked participants in his research to systematically and carefully observe, analyze, and describe their own
sensations, mental images, and emotional reactions. This process is called
a. introspection.
b. meditation.
c. mediation.
d. impression.
ANSWER: a
7. Which psychological school of thought rejected the study of conscious experience and began to focus on its
function?
a. Functionalism
b. Structuralism
c. Behaviorism
d. Psychoanalysis
ANSWER: a
8. William James, a functionalist, argued that consciousness consists of a conscious flow of thoughts, which he called
the
a. flow of deduction.
b. spring of induction.
c. flow of reason.
d. stream of consciousness.
ANSWER: d
9. Which psychologist coined the term “stream of consciousness” to describe a continuous flow of thoughts?
a. Wilhelm Wundt
b. William James
c. Sigmund Freud
d. Edward Tichener
ANSWER: b
10. Andi believes that just as we have broken down matter into its most basic elements, we should be doing the same
with the mind, and then investigate how those elements are related. Which school of thought do they most likely
relate to in their beliefs?
a. Functionalism
b. Structuralism
c. Behaviorism
d. Psychoanalysis
ANSWER: b
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 2
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - The Evolution of Psychology
11. Which school of thought emerged through the leadership of Edward Tichener?
a. Functionalism
b. Structuralism
c. Behaviorism
d. Psychoanalysis
ANSWER: b
12. Which school of thought emerged through the leadership of William James?
a. Functionalism
b. Structuralism
c. Behaviorism
d. Psychoanalysis
ANSWER: a
13. Janet trained her dog to sit on command by following this behavior with a reward of a dog biscuit and praise. Janet
used the principles of
a. behaviorism.
b. humanism.
c. psychoanalysis.
d. functionalism.
ANSWER: a
14. While sitting on the beach watching the ocean, Khamani writes down and considers the feelings, thoughts, and
sensations that he is experiencing. According to structuralism, Khamani is practicing
a. individuation.
b. impressionism.
c. introspection.
d. enrichment.
ANSWER: c
15. Which of the following statements regarding women in psychology is accurate?
a. Women have made very few contributions to the development of psychology.
b. Women have often been overlooked in the history of psychology.
c. Initially, women received more Ph.Ds. in psychology than men.
d. Currently, women make up about one-fourth of all psychologists.
ANSWER: b
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,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - The Evolution of Psychology
16. Who was the first woman to serve as president of the American Psychological Association?
a. Margaret Floy Washburn
b. Mary Whiton Calkins
c. Leta Stetter Hollingsworth
d. Anna Freud
ANSWER: b
17. Who was the first woman to receive a Ph.D. in psychology?
a. Margaret Floy Washburn
b. Mary Whiton Calkins
c. Leta Stetter Hollingsworth
d. Anna Freud
ANSWER: a
18. In the early 20th century, which female psychologist dispelled many falsely held theories about women?
a. Margaret Floy Washburn
b. Mary Whiton Calkins
c. Leta Stetter Hollingsworth
d. Anna Freud
ANSWER: c
19. Although denied a Ph.D. in psychology, which female psychologist studied under William James and later founded
one of the first psychology laboratories in America?
a. Margaret Floy Washburn
b. Mary Whiton Calkins
c. Leta Stetter Hollingsworth
d. Anna Freud
ANSWER: b
20. One of the most controversial intellectual figures of the 20th century was
a. Alfred Adler.
b. G. Stanley Hall.
c. Sigmund Freud.
d. John B. Watson.
ANSWER: c
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,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - The Evolution of Psychology
21. Diedre believes that most behaviors are guided by the unconscious, which is well beneath the surface of conscious
awareness. Her beliefs strongly resemble those of which famous psychologist?
a. Alfred Adler
b. G. Stanley Hall
c. Sigmund Freud
d. John B. Watson
ANSWER: c
22. Chloe wanted to show Alice her new outfit for a party they were to attend. Alice initially told Chloe that her look
was shameless, but, seeing Alice’s shocked expression, she immediately covered her mouth and explained that she
meant to say that her look was seamless, not shameless. Alice apologized for misspeaking. What would Freud say
about Alice’s “slip of the tongue”?
a. It was a simple mistake; after all, the words do sound a bit alike.
b. This slip was Alice’s way of making Chloe not want to attend the party.
c. Alice may not have consciously wanted to insult her friend, but her slip of the tongue revealed her true
feelings.
d. Alice consciously meant what she said. The outfit was hideous.
ANSWER: c
23. What psychological theory attempts to explain personality, motivation, and mental disorders by focusing on
unconscious determinants of behavior?
a. Functionalism
b. Structuralism
c. Behaviorism
d. Psychoanalysis
ANSWER: d
24. Freud concluded that psychological disturbances are largely caused by personal conflicts existing
a. in the environment.
b. at a structural level.
c. at a conscious level.
d. at an unconscious level.
ANSWER: d
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 5
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - The Evolution of Psychology
25. Amaya believes that people are not always fully aware of the forces affecting their behavior and supports the
argument that behavior is governed by unconscious forces. Amaya’s beliefs are in line with which of psychology’s
pioneers?
a. Edward Titchener
b. Wilhelm Wundt
c. Sigmund Freud
d. John B. Watson
ANSWER: c
26. Dalani believes that most of the time, people are unaware that seemingly overt behaviors are actually guided by
unconscious motivation. Dalani’s beliefs are most in line with which psychologist?
a. Wilhelm Wundt
b. B.F. Skinner
c. Sigmund Freud
d. Carol Rogers
ANSWER: c
27. Part of the increased debate surrounding Freud’s theory in the 1950s was, in part, due to Freud’s insistence that
a. human behavior is shaped by the environment.
b. free will in individuals should be emphasized.
c. the unconscious governed behavior.
d. behavior is largely influenced by biology.
ANSWER: c
28. Which of the following statements about Freud’s psychoanalytic theory is MOST accurate?
a. Freud’s views have been largely abandoned, and they exert relatively little, if any, influence on current
mainstream psychology.
b. Freud’s views exert a tremendous influence on other disciplines, but not on psychology.
c. Freud’s views exert a tremendous influence on developmental and abnormal psychology, but not on other
areas of mainstream psychology.
d. Many psychoanalytic concepts have filtered into the mainstream of psychology.
ANSWER: d
29. Which branch of psychology maintains that unconscious motives and experiences in early childhood govern
personality and mental disorders?
a. Humanism
b. Behaviorism
c. Psychoanalysis
d. Cognitive
ANSWER: c
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,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - The Evolution of Psychology
30. Psychoanalysis may attempt to explain personality, motivation, and mental disorders by examining
a. one’s overt behavior.
b. sensations, feelings, and images.
c. one’s dreams.
d. the flow of one’s thoughts.
ANSWER: c
31. Which of the following psychologists would be most likely to suggest that an individual’s problems are likely caused
by unconscious motives and experiences in childhood?
a. Abraham Maslow
b. Sigmund Freud
c. William James
d. Alfred Adler
ANSWER: b
32. Which theoretical orientation is based on the premise that scientific psychology should study only observable
behavior?
a. Functionalism
b. Structuralism
c. Behaviorism
d. Psychoanalysis
ANSWER: c
33. Any overt (observable) response or activity by an organism is a
a. function.
b. structure.
c. behavior.
d. malfunction.
ANSWER: c
34. Which school of thought insisted on verifiability of observation in research?
a. Structuralism
b. Functionalism
c. Behaviorism
d. Psychoanalysis
ANSWER: c
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, Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - The Evolution of Psychology
35. Behaviorism suggests that researchers should only focus on and study that which can be
a. examined qualitatively.
b. objectively observed.
c. gained through association.
d. subjectively supported.
ANSWER: b
36. Marissa wants to study people’s emotional reactions to increases in temperature. Her classmate, Bernard, tells her
that she should focus on observable responses, rather than internal states, in her study. Bernard’s views are MOST
similar to those found in the _____ perspective
a. psychodynamic
b. evolutionary
c. behavioral
d. biological
ANSWER: c
37. In the early 1900s, who proposed that psychologists abandon the study of consciousness altogether and focus
exclusively on behaviors they could observe directly?
a. Alfred Adler
b. G. Stanley Hall
c. Sigmund Freud
d. John B. Watson
ANSWER: d
38. Which psychologists would be most likely to conduct psychological research using animals, such as rats?
a. Structuralists
b. Functionalists
c. Psychoanalysts
d. Behaviorists
ANSWER: d
39. Which of the following accurately represents what Watson believed about heredity?
a. An individual’s likes and dislikes are largely influenced by heredity.
b. Most of an individual’s behaviors are a result of inherited traits.
c. Behavior is governed entirely by the environment rather than heredity.
d. Heredity and the environment are equally influential in determining an individual’s behavior.
ANSWER: c
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 8
Important Notes
The file includes the complete test bank, organized chapter by chapter.
A sample of selected pages has been provided for preview.
All available appendices and Excel files (if included in the original resources) are
provided.
We continuously update our files to ensure you receive the latest and most accurate
editions.
New editions are added regularly – stay connected for updates!
✅ Why Buy From Us?
📚 Complete & organized chapter-by-chapter – no missing content, no guessing.
⚡ Instant digital delivery – get your file the moment you pay, no waiting.
📅 Always up to date – we track new editions so you always get the latest version.
💬 Friendly support – real humans ready to help, anytime you need us.
🔒 Safe & secure – thousands of satisfied students trust us every semester.
🛡️Our Guarantees
💰 Money-Back Guarantee: Not satisfied? We offer a full refund – no questions asked.
🔄 Wrong File? No Problem: Contact us and we will replace it immediately with the
correct version, free of charge.
⏰ 24/7 Support: We are always here – reach out anytime and expect a fast response.
Contact Email:
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - The Evolution of Psychology
1. Which of the following BEST reflects the current understanding of pathological gambling, according to recent
psychological research?
a. Pathological gambling is primarily caused by substance abuse and can be treated with medication alone.
b. Distorted thinking patterns are the sole cause of gambling disorders.
c. There is no single explanation for pathological gambling; it likely results from multiple interacting influences.
d. Brain imaging has conclusively identified the neurological basis of gambling addiction.
ANSWER: c
2. The term psychology comes from two Greek words, psyche and logos, which in translation mean
a. brain and writing.
b. brain and the study of a subject.
c. the soul and writing.
d. the soul and the study of a subject.
ANSWER: d
3. Psychology’s intellectual parents are philosophy and what other discipline?
a. Phlebotomy
b. Philanthropy
c. Physiology
d. Phrenology
ANSWER: c
4. Who is credited with establishing the first laboratory and conducting research in the field of psychology in Leipzig,
Germany, in 1879?
a. Edward Tichener
b. Wilhelm Wundt
c. Sigmund Freud
d. John B. Watson
ANSWER: b
5. Which psychological school of thought emphasizes breaking down and analyzing one’s conscious experiences?
a. Functionalism
b. Structuralism
c. Behaviorism
d. Psychoanalysis
ANSWER: b
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 1
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - The Evolution of Psychology
6. Wundt asked participants in his research to systematically and carefully observe, analyze, and describe their own
sensations, mental images, and emotional reactions. This process is called
a. introspection.
b. meditation.
c. mediation.
d. impression.
ANSWER: a
7. Which psychological school of thought rejected the study of conscious experience and began to focus on its
function?
a. Functionalism
b. Structuralism
c. Behaviorism
d. Psychoanalysis
ANSWER: a
8. William James, a functionalist, argued that consciousness consists of a conscious flow of thoughts, which he called
the
a. flow of deduction.
b. spring of induction.
c. flow of reason.
d. stream of consciousness.
ANSWER: d
9. Which psychologist coined the term “stream of consciousness” to describe a continuous flow of thoughts?
a. Wilhelm Wundt
b. William James
c. Sigmund Freud
d. Edward Tichener
ANSWER: b
10. Andi believes that just as we have broken down matter into its most basic elements, we should be doing the same
with the mind, and then investigate how those elements are related. Which school of thought do they most likely
relate to in their beliefs?
a. Functionalism
b. Structuralism
c. Behaviorism
d. Psychoanalysis
ANSWER: b
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 2
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - The Evolution of Psychology
11. Which school of thought emerged through the leadership of Edward Tichener?
a. Functionalism
b. Structuralism
c. Behaviorism
d. Psychoanalysis
ANSWER: b
12. Which school of thought emerged through the leadership of William James?
a. Functionalism
b. Structuralism
c. Behaviorism
d. Psychoanalysis
ANSWER: a
13. Janet trained her dog to sit on command by following this behavior with a reward of a dog biscuit and praise. Janet
used the principles of
a. behaviorism.
b. humanism.
c. psychoanalysis.
d. functionalism.
ANSWER: a
14. While sitting on the beach watching the ocean, Khamani writes down and considers the feelings, thoughts, and
sensations that he is experiencing. According to structuralism, Khamani is practicing
a. individuation.
b. impressionism.
c. introspection.
d. enrichment.
ANSWER: c
15. Which of the following statements regarding women in psychology is accurate?
a. Women have made very few contributions to the development of psychology.
b. Women have often been overlooked in the history of psychology.
c. Initially, women received more Ph.Ds. in psychology than men.
d. Currently, women make up about one-fourth of all psychologists.
ANSWER: b
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 3
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - The Evolution of Psychology
16. Who was the first woman to serve as president of the American Psychological Association?
a. Margaret Floy Washburn
b. Mary Whiton Calkins
c. Leta Stetter Hollingsworth
d. Anna Freud
ANSWER: b
17. Who was the first woman to receive a Ph.D. in psychology?
a. Margaret Floy Washburn
b. Mary Whiton Calkins
c. Leta Stetter Hollingsworth
d. Anna Freud
ANSWER: a
18. In the early 20th century, which female psychologist dispelled many falsely held theories about women?
a. Margaret Floy Washburn
b. Mary Whiton Calkins
c. Leta Stetter Hollingsworth
d. Anna Freud
ANSWER: c
19. Although denied a Ph.D. in psychology, which female psychologist studied under William James and later founded
one of the first psychology laboratories in America?
a. Margaret Floy Washburn
b. Mary Whiton Calkins
c. Leta Stetter Hollingsworth
d. Anna Freud
ANSWER: b
20. One of the most controversial intellectual figures of the 20th century was
a. Alfred Adler.
b. G. Stanley Hall.
c. Sigmund Freud.
d. John B. Watson.
ANSWER: c
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 4
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - The Evolution of Psychology
21. Diedre believes that most behaviors are guided by the unconscious, which is well beneath the surface of conscious
awareness. Her beliefs strongly resemble those of which famous psychologist?
a. Alfred Adler
b. G. Stanley Hall
c. Sigmund Freud
d. John B. Watson
ANSWER: c
22. Chloe wanted to show Alice her new outfit for a party they were to attend. Alice initially told Chloe that her look
was shameless, but, seeing Alice’s shocked expression, she immediately covered her mouth and explained that she
meant to say that her look was seamless, not shameless. Alice apologized for misspeaking. What would Freud say
about Alice’s “slip of the tongue”?
a. It was a simple mistake; after all, the words do sound a bit alike.
b. This slip was Alice’s way of making Chloe not want to attend the party.
c. Alice may not have consciously wanted to insult her friend, but her slip of the tongue revealed her true
feelings.
d. Alice consciously meant what she said. The outfit was hideous.
ANSWER: c
23. What psychological theory attempts to explain personality, motivation, and mental disorders by focusing on
unconscious determinants of behavior?
a. Functionalism
b. Structuralism
c. Behaviorism
d. Psychoanalysis
ANSWER: d
24. Freud concluded that psychological disturbances are largely caused by personal conflicts existing
a. in the environment.
b. at a structural level.
c. at a conscious level.
d. at an unconscious level.
ANSWER: d
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 5
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - The Evolution of Psychology
25. Amaya believes that people are not always fully aware of the forces affecting their behavior and supports the
argument that behavior is governed by unconscious forces. Amaya’s beliefs are in line with which of psychology’s
pioneers?
a. Edward Titchener
b. Wilhelm Wundt
c. Sigmund Freud
d. John B. Watson
ANSWER: c
26. Dalani believes that most of the time, people are unaware that seemingly overt behaviors are actually guided by
unconscious motivation. Dalani’s beliefs are most in line with which psychologist?
a. Wilhelm Wundt
b. B.F. Skinner
c. Sigmund Freud
d. Carol Rogers
ANSWER: c
27. Part of the increased debate surrounding Freud’s theory in the 1950s was, in part, due to Freud’s insistence that
a. human behavior is shaped by the environment.
b. free will in individuals should be emphasized.
c. the unconscious governed behavior.
d. behavior is largely influenced by biology.
ANSWER: c
28. Which of the following statements about Freud’s psychoanalytic theory is MOST accurate?
a. Freud’s views have been largely abandoned, and they exert relatively little, if any, influence on current
mainstream psychology.
b. Freud’s views exert a tremendous influence on other disciplines, but not on psychology.
c. Freud’s views exert a tremendous influence on developmental and abnormal psychology, but not on other
areas of mainstream psychology.
d. Many psychoanalytic concepts have filtered into the mainstream of psychology.
ANSWER: d
29. Which branch of psychology maintains that unconscious motives and experiences in early childhood govern
personality and mental disorders?
a. Humanism
b. Behaviorism
c. Psychoanalysis
d. Cognitive
ANSWER: c
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 6
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - The Evolution of Psychology
30. Psychoanalysis may attempt to explain personality, motivation, and mental disorders by examining
a. one’s overt behavior.
b. sensations, feelings, and images.
c. one’s dreams.
d. the flow of one’s thoughts.
ANSWER: c
31. Which of the following psychologists would be most likely to suggest that an individual’s problems are likely caused
by unconscious motives and experiences in childhood?
a. Abraham Maslow
b. Sigmund Freud
c. William James
d. Alfred Adler
ANSWER: b
32. Which theoretical orientation is based on the premise that scientific psychology should study only observable
behavior?
a. Functionalism
b. Structuralism
c. Behaviorism
d. Psychoanalysis
ANSWER: c
33. Any overt (observable) response or activity by an organism is a
a. function.
b. structure.
c. behavior.
d. malfunction.
ANSWER: c
34. Which school of thought insisted on verifiability of observation in research?
a. Structuralism
b. Functionalism
c. Behaviorism
d. Psychoanalysis
ANSWER: c
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 7
, Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01 - The Evolution of Psychology
35. Behaviorism suggests that researchers should only focus on and study that which can be
a. examined qualitatively.
b. objectively observed.
c. gained through association.
d. subjectively supported.
ANSWER: b
36. Marissa wants to study people’s emotional reactions to increases in temperature. Her classmate, Bernard, tells her
that she should focus on observable responses, rather than internal states, in her study. Bernard’s views are MOST
similar to those found in the _____ perspective
a. psychodynamic
b. evolutionary
c. behavioral
d. biological
ANSWER: c
37. In the early 1900s, who proposed that psychologists abandon the study of consciousness altogether and focus
exclusively on behaviors they could observe directly?
a. Alfred Adler
b. G. Stanley Hall
c. Sigmund Freud
d. John B. Watson
ANSWER: d
38. Which psychologists would be most likely to conduct psychological research using animals, such as rats?
a. Structuralists
b. Functionalists
c. Psychoanalysts
d. Behaviorists
ANSWER: d
39. Which of the following accurately represents what Watson believed about heredity?
a. An individual’s likes and dislikes are largely influenced by heredity.
b. Most of an individual’s behaviors are a result of inherited traits.
c. Behavior is governed entirely by the environment rather than heredity.
d. Heredity and the environment are equally influential in determining an individual’s behavior.
ANSWER: c
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 8
