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A 65-year-old patient presents with sudden onset unilateral weakness and slurred
speech. What is the priority action?
A. Obtain full health history
B. Administer aspirin
C. Activate stroke protocol
D. Check blood glucose
Correct Answer: C. Activate stroke protocol
Explanation:
This patient is exhibiting classic stroke symptoms. Immediate activation of the stroke
protocol ensures rapid imaging and evaluation for thrombolytic therapy. Time-sensitive
intervention is critical. While blood glucose should be checked, it should not delay
activation of emergency stroke care.
Which finding is the most reliable indicator of adequate perfusion?
A. Blood pressure
B. Heart rate
C. Urine output
D. Oxygen saturation
Correct Answer: C. Urine output
,Explanation:
Urine output reflects renal perfusion and is a sensitive indicator of overall tissue
perfusion. Vital signs can appear stable even when perfusion is compromised, making
urine output more reliable.
A patient reports chest pain radiating to the jaw and left arm. What is the priority
diagnostic test?
A. Chest X-ray
B. ECG
C. CT scan
D. MRI
Correct Answer: B. ECG
Explanation:
An ECG should be performed within 10 minutes for suspected myocardial infarction. It
helps identify ischemic changes and guides urgent treatment decisions.
Which research design provides the strongest evidence for causality?
A. Case study
B. Cohort study
C. Randomized controlled trial
D. Cross-sectional study
Correct Answer: C. Randomized controlled trial
Explanation:
, RCTs minimize bias and allow for controlled comparisons, making them the gold
standard for determining cause-and-effect relationships.
A potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L is noted. What is the priority nursing action?
A. Administer potassium
B. Monitor ECG
C. Restrict fluids
D. Encourage exercise
Correct Answer: B. Monitor ECG
Explanation:
Hyperkalemia can cause life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. Continuous ECG
monitoring is essential to detect early changes such as peaked T waves.
Which lung sound indicates fluid in the alveoli?
A. Wheezes
B. Crackles
C. Rhonchi
D. Stridor
Correct Answer: B. Crackles
Explanation:
Crackles are caused by fluid in the alveoli and are commonly heard in conditions like
pulmonary edema or pneumonia.