NUR 280 RENAL ELIMINATION EXAM 3 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Kidneys - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅are organs of filtration and secretion
Kidney Functions - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Excretory Function:
Concentrate urine
Rid body of waste products like urea, uric acid, creatinine, glucose, and drug metabolites
Acid-Base Balance:
Excrete/reabsorb H+ ions and bicarbonate as needed
Secretory Function:
Renin(blood pressure and fluid volume), erythropoietin (red blood cell production)
Blood Pressure Control
Activates the RAAS
Reabsorbs water and sodium/excretes potassium
Vitamin D Synthesis/Calcium Balance
Glucose Homeostasis:
Renal threshold to reabsorb glucose is 180mg/dL
Kidneys degrade insulin
Help with gluconeogenesis.
Alterations in kidney function will impair: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Acid/base balance
blood pressure regulation
,RBC formation: anemia
Drug metabolism
Hormone metabolism
Vitamin D synthesis: bone disorders
Glucose homeostasis: sugar at 180 kidneys try to filter off sugar
Renin Controls.... - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅blood pressure
Erythropoietin controls.... - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅RBC production
Kidneys receive _________ of cardiac output. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅20% or 1/5th
nephron - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅functional unit of the kidney
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The amount filtrated by kidneys per minute
Normal:90-120ml per minute
GFR tanks when kidneys stop working
Dehydrated causes GFR to decrease
By age 70 GFR is... - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅70 ml per minute
, Kidney Discfunction Conseqeunces - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅● Insufficient Filtration
● Urine not concentrated
● Toxin buildup leading to destruction of blood cells
● Neurological: confusion
● Excess renin secreted, raising BP
● Decreased erythropoietin, decreasing RBC's
● Acid-base balance not maintained
● Excess K+ not secreted
● Decreased vitamin D; decreased Ca++ absorption (renal osteodystrophy)
Pre-renal - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅decreased blood flow to and through the kidneys
Any condition that directly or indirectly decreases renal perfusion: ie hemorrhage
Heart failure
Dehydration
Shock
Injury that results from ischemia - less oxygen than kidneys demand
Insufficient blood pressure
Intrarenal - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅direct damage to the kidney itself
Trauma to kidney:
Pyelonephritis, autoimmune conditions(lupus)
Infection of kidney:
STREP
ANSWERS
Kidneys - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅are organs of filtration and secretion
Kidney Functions - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Excretory Function:
Concentrate urine
Rid body of waste products like urea, uric acid, creatinine, glucose, and drug metabolites
Acid-Base Balance:
Excrete/reabsorb H+ ions and bicarbonate as needed
Secretory Function:
Renin(blood pressure and fluid volume), erythropoietin (red blood cell production)
Blood Pressure Control
Activates the RAAS
Reabsorbs water and sodium/excretes potassium
Vitamin D Synthesis/Calcium Balance
Glucose Homeostasis:
Renal threshold to reabsorb glucose is 180mg/dL
Kidneys degrade insulin
Help with gluconeogenesis.
Alterations in kidney function will impair: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Acid/base balance
blood pressure regulation
,RBC formation: anemia
Drug metabolism
Hormone metabolism
Vitamin D synthesis: bone disorders
Glucose homeostasis: sugar at 180 kidneys try to filter off sugar
Renin Controls.... - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅blood pressure
Erythropoietin controls.... - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅RBC production
Kidneys receive _________ of cardiac output. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅20% or 1/5th
nephron - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅functional unit of the kidney
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The amount filtrated by kidneys per minute
Normal:90-120ml per minute
GFR tanks when kidneys stop working
Dehydrated causes GFR to decrease
By age 70 GFR is... - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅70 ml per minute
, Kidney Discfunction Conseqeunces - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅● Insufficient Filtration
● Urine not concentrated
● Toxin buildup leading to destruction of blood cells
● Neurological: confusion
● Excess renin secreted, raising BP
● Decreased erythropoietin, decreasing RBC's
● Acid-base balance not maintained
● Excess K+ not secreted
● Decreased vitamin D; decreased Ca++ absorption (renal osteodystrophy)
Pre-renal - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅decreased blood flow to and through the kidneys
Any condition that directly or indirectly decreases renal perfusion: ie hemorrhage
Heart failure
Dehydration
Shock
Injury that results from ischemia - less oxygen than kidneys demand
Insufficient blood pressure
Intrarenal - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅direct damage to the kidney itself
Trauma to kidney:
Pyelonephritis, autoimmune conditions(lupus)
Infection of kidney:
STREP
