What happens to ADH and urine volume when you consume alcohol?
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ADH decreases, urine volume increases
Define cardiac output (CO)
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the amount of blood the heart can pump per minute (L/min)
CO = SV x HR
What 5 molecules function primarily in chemical energy exchange?
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1. ATP
2. PCr
3. glycogen
4. lipids (fat)
5. proteins
What is the blood content of normal urine?
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none
Define tubular secretion
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the movement of substances from the blood into the tubular fluid
Describe how the body responds to an acute decrease in blood pressure
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when blood pressure decreases, baroreceptors in the carotid sinus and
aortic arch sense the change and decrease the firing rate of neurons to the
brainstem (medulla oblongata), which tells it to:
decrease PSNS activity, telling the heart to increase heart rate (increasing
stroke volume)
, increase SNS activity, telling the skeletal muscle in the blood vessels to
vasoconstrict, increasing systemic vascular resistance
these actions work together to bring blood pressure back up
State the functions of the parasympathetic division
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• brings body to homeostasis in conditions of "rest-and-digest"
• conserves energy and replenishes nutrient stores
Describe the ascending/descending loops (nephron loop)
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site of countercurrent multiplier and countercurrent exchange
What is erythropoiesis?
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production of red blood cells
In passive transport, Na+ moves from ...
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outside to inside
List the GI tract organs
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upper GI tract:
oral cavity
pharynx
esophagus
stomach
lower GI tract:
small intestine
large intestine
anal cavity
What is the bacterial content of normal urine?
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trace amounts (not sterile)
Describe tonic receptors
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Give this one a try later!
ADH decreases, urine volume increases
Define cardiac output (CO)
Give this one a try later!
the amount of blood the heart can pump per minute (L/min)
CO = SV x HR
What 5 molecules function primarily in chemical energy exchange?
,Give this one a try later!
1. ATP
2. PCr
3. glycogen
4. lipids (fat)
5. proteins
What is the blood content of normal urine?
Give this one a try later!
none
Define tubular secretion
Give this one a try later!
the movement of substances from the blood into the tubular fluid
Describe how the body responds to an acute decrease in blood pressure
Give this one a try later!
when blood pressure decreases, baroreceptors in the carotid sinus and
aortic arch sense the change and decrease the firing rate of neurons to the
brainstem (medulla oblongata), which tells it to:
decrease PSNS activity, telling the heart to increase heart rate (increasing
stroke volume)
, increase SNS activity, telling the skeletal muscle in the blood vessels to
vasoconstrict, increasing systemic vascular resistance
these actions work together to bring blood pressure back up
State the functions of the parasympathetic division
Give this one a try later!
• brings body to homeostasis in conditions of "rest-and-digest"
• conserves energy and replenishes nutrient stores
Describe the ascending/descending loops (nephron loop)
Give this one a try later!
site of countercurrent multiplier and countercurrent exchange
What is erythropoiesis?
Give this one a try later!
production of red blood cells
In passive transport, Na+ moves from ...
, Give this one a try later!
outside to inside
List the GI tract organs
Give this one a try later!
upper GI tract:
oral cavity
pharynx
esophagus
stomach
lower GI tract:
small intestine
large intestine
anal cavity
What is the bacterial content of normal urine?
Give this one a try later!
trace amounts (not sterile)
Describe tonic receptors
Give this one a try later!
