BIOS 150 Midterm Exam final (Latest
Update ) Anatomy and
Physiology IV with Lab | Questions &
Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A -
Chamberlain
1. What is the primary function of DNA?
A. Produce energy
B. Store genetic information
C. Transport nutrients
D. Protect the body
Correct Answer: B. Store genetic information
Rationale: DNA contains the instructions for building proteins and
traits.
2. What is RNA's main function?
A. Transport genetic code
B. Store DNA
C. Digest nutrients
D. Produce energy
Correct Answer: A. Transport genetic code
Rationale: RNA conveys instructions from DNA to make proteins.
,3. What is a gene?
A. Protein
B. Segment of DNA
C. Cell membrane
D. Enzyme
Correct Answer: B. Segment of DNA
Rationale: Genes code for specific traits or proteins.
4. What is a chromosome?
A. Thread-like DNA structure
B. Type of protein
C. Cell organelle
D. Lipid molecule
Correct Answer: A. Thread-like DNA structure
Rationale: Chromosomes organize DNA for replication.
5. What is mitosis?
A. Cell death
B. Cell division producing identical cells
C. Genetic mutation
D. Energy production
Correct Answer: B. Cell division producing identical cells
Rationale: Mitosis allows growth and repair.
6. What is meiosis?
,A. Produces identical cells
B. Produces gametes with half chromosomes
C. DNA replication only
D. Protein synthesis
Correct Answer: B. Produces gametes with half chromosomes
Rationale: Meiosis generates eggs and sperm.
7. What is a zygote?
A. Mature egg
B. Fertilized egg
C. Sperm cell
D. Stem cell
Correct Answer: B. Fertilized egg
Rationale: Combination of sperm and egg.
8. What is a mutation?
A. Normal cell division
B. Change in DNA sequence
C. Protein synthesis
D. Energy storage
Correct Answer: B. Change in DNA sequence
Rationale: Can affect traits or be silent.
9. What is a dominant allele?
, A. Expressed over recessive allele
B. Only in males
C. Hidden trait
D. Not inherited
Correct Answer: A. Expressed over recessive allele
Rationale: Dominant traits appear when present.
10. What is a recessive allele?
A. Always expressed
B. Expressed only if homozygous
C. Dominant
D. Protein
Correct Answer: B. Expressed only if homozygous
Rationale: Requires two copies to show trait.
11. What is homozygous?
A. Two different alleles
B. Two identical alleles
C. Mutation
D. Chromosome number
Correct Answer: B. Two identical alleles
Rationale: Same alleles for a gene.
12. What is heterozygous?
Update ) Anatomy and
Physiology IV with Lab | Questions &
Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A -
Chamberlain
1. What is the primary function of DNA?
A. Produce energy
B. Store genetic information
C. Transport nutrients
D. Protect the body
Correct Answer: B. Store genetic information
Rationale: DNA contains the instructions for building proteins and
traits.
2. What is RNA's main function?
A. Transport genetic code
B. Store DNA
C. Digest nutrients
D. Produce energy
Correct Answer: A. Transport genetic code
Rationale: RNA conveys instructions from DNA to make proteins.
,3. What is a gene?
A. Protein
B. Segment of DNA
C. Cell membrane
D. Enzyme
Correct Answer: B. Segment of DNA
Rationale: Genes code for specific traits or proteins.
4. What is a chromosome?
A. Thread-like DNA structure
B. Type of protein
C. Cell organelle
D. Lipid molecule
Correct Answer: A. Thread-like DNA structure
Rationale: Chromosomes organize DNA for replication.
5. What is mitosis?
A. Cell death
B. Cell division producing identical cells
C. Genetic mutation
D. Energy production
Correct Answer: B. Cell division producing identical cells
Rationale: Mitosis allows growth and repair.
6. What is meiosis?
,A. Produces identical cells
B. Produces gametes with half chromosomes
C. DNA replication only
D. Protein synthesis
Correct Answer: B. Produces gametes with half chromosomes
Rationale: Meiosis generates eggs and sperm.
7. What is a zygote?
A. Mature egg
B. Fertilized egg
C. Sperm cell
D. Stem cell
Correct Answer: B. Fertilized egg
Rationale: Combination of sperm and egg.
8. What is a mutation?
A. Normal cell division
B. Change in DNA sequence
C. Protein synthesis
D. Energy storage
Correct Answer: B. Change in DNA sequence
Rationale: Can affect traits or be silent.
9. What is a dominant allele?
, A. Expressed over recessive allele
B. Only in males
C. Hidden trait
D. Not inherited
Correct Answer: A. Expressed over recessive allele
Rationale: Dominant traits appear when present.
10. What is a recessive allele?
A. Always expressed
B. Expressed only if homozygous
C. Dominant
D. Protein
Correct Answer: B. Expressed only if homozygous
Rationale: Requires two copies to show trait.
11. What is homozygous?
A. Two different alleles
B. Two identical alleles
C. Mutation
D. Chromosome number
Correct Answer: B. Two identical alleles
Rationale: Same alleles for a gene.
12. What is heterozygous?
