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• Normative statement -✓✓provides an assessment of how things should be rather
than how they are: for example, "he was wrong to do that" or "being kind is more
important than being the most successful."
• Moral imagination -✓✓Imagination that forms dealing with the morality of
problems in media and in real life.
• the Hippocratic Oath -✓✓requires medical professionals to "use treatment to help
the sick according to my ability and judgment, but never with a view to injury and
wrong-doing"
• Habitus -✓✓the qualities of character that they have and the patterns of living
that issue from and reveal those qualities. That pattern of being is called a habitus.
• Deontology -✓✓Most notably, deontology emphasizes the rightness or
wrongness of an action by reference to certain action-guiding principles.
Depending on the context, these principles can be described as laws, rules,
maxims, imperatives, or commands.
• Kantian Ethics -✓✓The notion that the universe is ordered by laws that can be
apprehended by human reason
• VIRTUE ETHICS -✓✓is an approach to ethics organized around the idea of
human flourishing and human excellence. Its basic assumption is that all human
,beings share some basic qualities of character, though we vary widely in how
much we excel at those qualities and how we express them, and each of us gets
better (or worse) at them according to our experiences.
• Communitarianism -✓✓is an approach to ethics organized around self-realization
in the context of interdependence. Its basic assumption is that human beings exist
in a state of mutual reliance on one another.
• Utilitarianism/Consequentialism -✓✓is an approach to ethics organized around
the idea of happiness. Like virtue ethics, utilitarianism is an outcome-based
approach to ethics that assumes that human beings are motivated by the desire to
be happy. Building on the basic assumption that humans are motivated by
happiness, utilitarians argue that when it comes to determining how we should act,
we should first and foremost consider what kinds of actions bring about the most
happiness for the greatest number of people.
• Profession -✓✓A profession has a core body of theoretical knowledge, this work
requires a combination of practical skill and knowledge. Has its own code of ethics
and culture.
• Conflict of interest -✓✓A conflict of interest is a situation in which a professional
is serving multiple parties (possibly including the professional themself) and acting
in the interest of one party may harm another.
• Licensing -✓✓requirements in order to practice the profession.
• Certification -✓✓are not legally mandated like licenses but likewise serve as
markers of confidence and may be expected or preferred by employers.
, • What are the core characteristics of a profession? -✓✓-Profession has a core body
of theoretical knowledge.
-specialized knowledge gives professionals authority.
-a professional has clients
-a profession gives special and often unique privileges by the community.
-a profession regulates itself with a code of ethics.
• Preventive Ethics -✓✓rules and guidelines that govern behavior and are aimed at
preventing cases of professional misconduct and particular disasters
• Aspirational Ethics -✓✓aimed at using technology for the betterment of
humankind
• How does the IEEE Code of Ethics address the issue of discrimination? -
✓✓IEEE 8: "To treat fairly all persons and to not engage in acts of discrimination
based on race, religion, gender, disability, age, national origin, sexual orientation,
gender identity, or gender expression."
• What is the SECEPP, and what is its purpose? -✓✓Software Engineering Code of
Ethics and Professional Practice - finer-grained subclauses of ethics.
• zero-day exploit -✓✓A cyberattack that takes place before the security
community and/or software developers become aware of and fix a security
vulnerability.
• What is it called when a threat combines various types of exploits and
vulnerabilities in one payload? -✓✓Blended Threat