GUARD CARD FINAL EXAM 2026 QUESTION
COLLECTION PATROL PROCEDURES AND
REPORT WRITING MODULE SOLVED ITEMS
AND RESPONSE KEY
◉ The purpose of the ground lead is to keep the average voltage of
the patient the same as that of the recording instrument. Answer:
True
◉ The electrocardiogram consists of 12 leads grouped as follows:
Answer: 3 standard bi-polar limb leads
3 augmented limb leads
6 unipolar pre-cordial or chest leads
◉ Standard Limb leads Answer: Leads I, II, II are also known as bi-
polar leads, as each lead uses two of the three active sensors.
◉ Right arm lead Answer: negative in lead 1
negative in lead 2
◉ left arm lead Answer: positive in lead 1
negative in lead 3
,◉ left leg lead Answer: positive in lead 2
positive in lead 3
◉ Unipolar Precordial Leads Answer: The three unipolar limb leads
are designated AVR, AVL and AVF.
Unipolar because each specific lead represents the heart's electrical
forces recorded from that specific limb's electrode.
Hexaxial reference system
◉ chest leads (precordial leads) Answer: V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6
record the difference in potential between the chest and the neutral
(zero) reference.
◉ Modern electrocardiograph machines typically: Answer: based on
digital technology for more accurate and precise information, as well
as faster and easier transmission and storage of data.
◉ Voltage Answer: The potential energy of a charge due to an
electric field.
, ◉ Electrically sensitive patient Answer: A patient that has a direct
communication to their heart to the outside.
◉ Electrical current Answer: The flow of electrons through a
conductor when a difference in electrical potential exists between
two points.
◉ Direct current Answer: The flow of electrons in one direction.
◉ Alternating current Answer: The cyclical flow of electrons that
alternate back and forth.
◉ Analog recordings are measured in __________ and __________ of a
second Answer: Millimeters / hundredths
◉ The prong that returns leakage current from an instrument to the
building ground is the: Answer: ground prong
◉ Signal processing involves converting a/an __________ signal into
a/an __________ action. Answer: electrical / mechanical
◉ The electrocardiograph is a picture representation of something
similar to the potential electrical current of the heart. Answer: True
COLLECTION PATROL PROCEDURES AND
REPORT WRITING MODULE SOLVED ITEMS
AND RESPONSE KEY
◉ The purpose of the ground lead is to keep the average voltage of
the patient the same as that of the recording instrument. Answer:
True
◉ The electrocardiogram consists of 12 leads grouped as follows:
Answer: 3 standard bi-polar limb leads
3 augmented limb leads
6 unipolar pre-cordial or chest leads
◉ Standard Limb leads Answer: Leads I, II, II are also known as bi-
polar leads, as each lead uses two of the three active sensors.
◉ Right arm lead Answer: negative in lead 1
negative in lead 2
◉ left arm lead Answer: positive in lead 1
negative in lead 3
,◉ left leg lead Answer: positive in lead 2
positive in lead 3
◉ Unipolar Precordial Leads Answer: The three unipolar limb leads
are designated AVR, AVL and AVF.
Unipolar because each specific lead represents the heart's electrical
forces recorded from that specific limb's electrode.
Hexaxial reference system
◉ chest leads (precordial leads) Answer: V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6
record the difference in potential between the chest and the neutral
(zero) reference.
◉ Modern electrocardiograph machines typically: Answer: based on
digital technology for more accurate and precise information, as well
as faster and easier transmission and storage of data.
◉ Voltage Answer: The potential energy of a charge due to an
electric field.
, ◉ Electrically sensitive patient Answer: A patient that has a direct
communication to their heart to the outside.
◉ Electrical current Answer: The flow of electrons through a
conductor when a difference in electrical potential exists between
two points.
◉ Direct current Answer: The flow of electrons in one direction.
◉ Alternating current Answer: The cyclical flow of electrons that
alternate back and forth.
◉ Analog recordings are measured in __________ and __________ of a
second Answer: Millimeters / hundredths
◉ The prong that returns leakage current from an instrument to the
building ground is the: Answer: ground prong
◉ Signal processing involves converting a/an __________ signal into
a/an __________ action. Answer: electrical / mechanical
◉ The electrocardiograph is a picture representation of something
similar to the potential electrical current of the heart. Answer: True
