12th Edition (Harding),
Chapters 1 - 69 | All Chapters Verified
,TABLE OF CONTENTS
,
,Chapter 01: Professional Nursing
Harding: Lewis’s Medical-Surgical Nursing, 12th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The nurse completes an admission database and explains that the plan of care and discharge
goals will be developed with the patient‘s input. The patient asks, “How is this different from
what the physician does?” Which response would the nurse provide?
a. “The role of the nurse is to administer medications and other treatments prescribed
by your physician.”
b. “In addition to caring for you while you are sick, the nurses will help you plan to
maintain your health.”
c. “The nurse‘s job is to collect information and communicate any problems that
occur to the physician.”
d. “Nurses perform many of the same procedures as the physician, but nurses are
with the patients for a longer time than the physician.”
ANSWER: B
The American Nurses Association (ANA) definition of nursing describes the role of nurses in
promoting health. The other responses describe dependent and collaborative functions of the
nursing role but do not accurately describe the nurse‘s unique role in the health care system.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze (Analysis)
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment
2. Which statement by the nurse accurately describes the use of evidence-based practice (EBP)?
a. “Patient care is based on clinical judgment, experience, and traditions.”
b. “Data are analyzed later to show that the patient outcomes are consistently met.”
c. “Research from all published articles are used as a guide for planning patient care.”
d. “Recommendations are based on research, clinical expertise, and patient
preferences.”
ANSWER: D
Evidence-based practice (EBP) is the use of the best research-based evidence combined with
clinician expertise and consideration of patient preferences. Clinical judgment based on the
nurse‘s clinical experience is part of EBP, but clinical decision making should also
incorporate current research and research-based guidelines. Evaluation of patient outcomes is
, important, but data analysis is not required to use EBP. All published articles do not provide
research evidence; interventions should be based on credible research, preferably randomized
controlled studies with a large number of subjects.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment
3. Which statement by the nurse provides a clear explanation of the nursing process?
a. “The nursing process is a research method of diagnosing the patient‘s health care
problems.”
b. “The nursing process is used primarily to explain nursing interventions to other
health care professionals.”
c. “The nursing process is a problem-solving tool used to identify and manage the
, patients‘h1healthh1careh1needs.”
d. “Theh1nursingh1processh1ish1basedh1onh1nursingh1theoryh1thath1incorporatesh1t
heh1biopsychosocialh1natureh1ofh1humans.”
ANSWER:h 1 C
Theh1nursingh1processh1ish1ah1problem-
solvingh1approachh1toh1theh1identificationh1andh1treatmenth1ofh1patients‘h1problems.h1Nursingh1proce
ssh1doesh1noth1requireh1researchh1methodsh1forh1diagnosis.h1Theh1primaryh1useh1ofh1theh1nursingh1proc
essh1ish1inh1patienth1care,h1noth1toh1establishh1nursingh1theoryh1orh1explainh1nursingh1interventionsh1toh1
otherh1healthh1careh1professionals.
DIF: Cognitiveh1Level:h1Understandh1(Comprehension)
TOP:h 1 Nursingh1Process:h1Evaluationh1MSC:h 1 NCLEX:h1Safeh1andh1Effectiveh1Careh1Environme
nt
4. Ah1patienth1admittedh1toh1theh1hospitalh1forh1surgeryh1tellsh1theh1nurse,h1“Ih1doh1noth1feelh1comfort
ableh1leavingh1myh1childrenh1withh1myh1parents.”h1Whichh1actionh1wouldh1theh1nurseh1takeh1
next?
a. Reassureh1theh1patienth1thath1theseh1feelingsh1areh1commonh1forh1parents.
b. Haveh1theh1patienth1callh1theh1childrenh1toh1ensureh1thath1theyh1areh1doingh1well.
c. Gatherh1informationh1onh1theh1patient‘sh1concernsh1abouth1theh1childh1careh1arrangements.
d. Callh1theh1patient‘sh1parentsh1toh1determineh1whetherh1adequateh1childh1careh1ish1b
eingh1provided.
ANSWER:h 1 C
Becauseh1ah1completeh1assessmenth1ish1necessaryh1inh1orderh1toh1identifyh1ah1problemh1andh1chooseh1
anh1appropriateh1intervention,h1theh1nurse‘sh1firsth1actionh1shouldh1beh1toh1obtainh1moreh1information
.h1Theh1otherh1actionsh1mayh1beh1appropriate,h1buth1moreh1assessmenth1ish1neededh1beforeh1theh1besth1int
erventionh1canh1beh1chosen.
DIF: Cognitiveh1Level:h1Analyzeh1(Analysis)
TOP:h 1 Nursingh1Process:h1Assessment MSC:h 1 NCLEX:h1Psychosocialh1Integrity
5. Ah1patienth1withh1ah1bacterialh1infectionh1ish1hypovolemich1dueh1toh1ah1feverh1andh1excessiveh1diapho
resis.h1Whichh1expectedh1outcomeh1wouldh1theh1nurseh1selecth1forh1thish1patient?
a. Patienth1hash1ah1balancedh1intakeh1andh1output.
b. Patient‘sh1beddingh1ish1kepth1cleanh1andh1freeh1ofh1moisture.
c. Patienth1understandsh1theh1needh1forh1increasedh1fluidh1intake.
d. Patient‘sh1skinh1remainsh1coolh1andh1dryh1throughouth1hospitalization.
ANSWER:h 1 A
, Balancedh1intakeh1andh1outputh1givesh1measurableh1datah1showingh1resolutionh1ofh1theh1problemh1ofh1d
eficienth1fluidh1volume.h1Theh1otherh1statementsh1wouldh1noth1indicateh1thath1theh1problemh1ofh1hypo
volemiah1wash1resolved.
DIF: Cognitiveh1Level:h1Applyh1(Application)
TOP:h 1 Nursingh1Process:h1Planningh1MSC:h 1 NCLEX:h1Physiologicalh1Integrity
6. Whichh1statementh1describesh1theh1purposeh1ofh1theh1evaluationh1phaseh1ofh1theh1nursingh1process?
a. Toh1documenth1theh1nursingh1careh1planh1inh1theh1progressh1notesh1ofh1theh1healthh1record
b. Toh1determineh1ifh1interventionsh1haveh1beenh1effectiveh1inh1meetingh1patienth1outcomes
c. Toh1decideh1whetherh1theh1patient‘sh1healthh1problemsh1haveh1beenh1completelyh1resolved
d. Toh1establishh1ifh1theh1patienth1agreesh1thath1theh1nursingh1careh1providedh1wash1satisfactory
ANSWER:h 1 B
, Evaluationh1consistsh1ofh1determiningh1whetherh1theh1desiredh1patienth1outcomesh1haveh1beenh1met
h1 andh1whetherh1theh1nursingh1interventionsh1wereh1appropriate.h1Theh1otherh1responsesh1doh1noth1de
scribeh1theh1evaluationh1phase.
DIF: Cognitiveh1Level:h1Understandh1(Comprehension)
TOP:h 1 Nursingh1Process:h1Evaluationh1MSC:h 1 NCLEX:h1Safeh1andh1Effectiveh1Careh1Environme
nt
7. Whichh1statementh1describesh1theh1purposeh1ofh1theh1assessmenth1phaseh1ofh1theh1nursingh1process?
a. Toh1teachh1interventionsh1thath1relieveh1healthh1problems
b. Toh1useh1patienth1datah1toh1evaluateh1patienth1careh1outcomes
c. Toh1obtainh1datah1toh1diagnoseh1patienth1strengthsh1andh1problems
d. Toh1helph1theh1patienth1identifyh1realistich1outcomesh1forh1healthh1problems
ANSWER:h 1 C
Duringh1theh1assessmenth1phase,h1theh1nurseh1gathersh1informationh1abouth1theh1patienth1toh1diagnoseh1
patienth1strengthsh1andh1problems.h1Theh1otherh1responsesh1areh1examplesh1ofh1theh1planning,h1interv
ention,h1andh1evaluationh1phasesh1ofh1theh1nursingh1process.
DIF: Cognitiveh1Level:h1Understandh1(Comprehension)
TOP:h 1 Nursingh1Process:h1Assessment MSC:h 1 NCLEX:h1Safeh1andh1Effectiveh1Careh1Environment
8. Whenh1developingh1theh1planh1ofh1care,h1whichh1componentsh1wouldh1theh1nurseh1includeh1inh1theh1cli
nicalh1problemh1statement?
a. Theh1problemh1andh1theh1suggestedh1patienth1goalsh1orh1outcomes
b. Theh1problem,h1itsh1causes,h1andh1theh1signsh1andh1symptomsh1ofh1theh1problem
c. Theh1problemh1withh1theh1possibleh1etiologyh1andh1theh1plannedh1interventions
d. Theh1problem,h1itsh1pathophysiology,h1andh1theh1expectedh1outcome
ANSWER:h 1 B
Whenh1writingh1clinicalh1problemsh1orh1nursingh1diagnoses,h1theh1subjectiveh1ash1wellh1ash1objectiveh
1datah1toh1supporth1theh1problem‘sh1existenceh1shouldh1beh1included.h1Goals,h1outcomes,h1andh1interve
ntionsh1areh1noth1includedh1inh1theh1problemh1statement.
DIF: Cognitiveh1Level:h1Understandh1(Comprehension)
TOP:h 1 Nursingh1Process:h1Diagnosish1MSC:h 1 NCLEX:h1Safeh1andh1Effectiveh1Careh1Environme
nt
9. Whichh1patienth1careh1taskh1wouldh1theh1nurseh1delegateh1toh1experiencedh1assistiveh1personnelh1(AP)?
a. Instructh1theh1patienth1abouth1theh1needh1toh1alternateh1activityh1andh1rest.
b. Monitorh1levelh1ofh1shortnessh1ofh1breathh1orh1fatigueh1afterh1ambulation.
,c. Obtainh1theh1patient‘sh1bloodh1pressureh1andh1pulseh1rateh1afterh1ambulation.
d. Determineh1whetherh1theh1patienth1ish1readyh1toh1increaseh1theh1activityh1level.
ANSWER:h 1 C
APh1educationh1includesh1accurateh1vitalh1signh1measurement.h1Assessmenth1andh1patienth1teachingh1
requireh1registeredh1nurseh1educationh1andh1scopeh1ofh1practiceh1andh1cannoth1beh1delegated.
DIF: Cognitiveh1Level:h1Applyh1(Application)
TOP:h 1 Nursingh1Process:h1Planningh1MSC:h 1 NCLEX:h1Safeh1andh1Effectiveh1Careh1Environme
nt
, 10. Ah1nurseh1ish1caringh1forh1ah1grouph1ofh1patientsh1onh1theh1medical-
surgicalh1unith1withh1theh1helph1ofh1oneh1floath1registeredh1nurseh1(RN),h1oneh1assistiveh1personnelh1(A
P),h1andh1oneh1licensedh1practical/vocationalh1nurseh1(LPN/VN).h1Whichh1assignment,h1ifh1delegate
dh1byh1theh1nurse,h1wouldh1beh1outsideh1thath1individual‘sh1scopeh1ofh1practice?
a. Checkh1forh1theh1presenceh1ofh1bowelh1soundsh1byh1AP
b. Administrationh1ofh1oralh1medicationsh1byh1LPN/VN
c. Insulinh1administrationh1byh1floath1RNh1fromh1theh1pediatrich1unit
d. Measurementh1ofh1ah1patient‘sh1urinaryh1catheterh1outputh1byh1AP
ANSWER:h 1 A
Assessmenth1requiresh1RNh1educationh1andh1scopeh1ofh1practiceh1soh1ith1cannoth1beh1delegatedh1toh1an
h1LPN/VNh1orh1AP.h1Theh1otherh1assignmentsh1madeh1byh1theh1RNh1areh1appropriateh1forh1theh1roleh1ofh1t
heh1teamh1member.
DIF: Cognitiveh1Level:h1Applyh1(Application)
TOP:h 1 Nursingh1Process:h1Planningh1MSC:h 1 NCLEX:h1Safeh1andh1Effectiveh1Careh1Environme
nt
11. Whichh1taskh1ish1appropriateh1forh1theh1nurseh1toh1delegateh1toh1ah1licensedh1practical/vocationalh1n
urseh1(LPN/VN)?
a. Completeh1theh1initialh1admissionh1assessmenth1andh1planh1ofh1care.
b. Measureh1bedsideh1bloodh1glucoseh1beforeh1administeringh1insulin.
c. Documenth1teachingh1completedh1beforeh1ah1diagnostich1procedure.
d. Instructh1ah1patienth1abouth1low-fat,h1reducedh1sodiumh1dietaryh1restrictions.
ANSWER:h 1 B
Theh1educationh1andh1scopeh1ofh1practiceh1ofh1theh1LPN/LVNh1includeh1activitiesh1suchh1ash1obtainin
gh1glucoseh1testingh1usingh1ah1fingerh1stickh1andh1administeringh1insulin.h1Patienth1teachingh1andh1theh1i
nitialh1assessmenth1andh1developmenth1ofh1theh1planh1ofh1careh1areh1nursingh1actionsh1thath1requireh1re
gisteredh1nurseh1educationh1andh1scopeh1ofh1practice.
DIF: Cognitiveh1Level:h1Applyh1(Application)
TOP:h 1 Nursingh1Process:h1Planningh1MSC:h 1 NCLEX:h1Safeh1andh1Effectiveh1Careh1Environme
nt
12. Ah1nurseh1ish1assignedh1ash1ah1caseh1managerh1forh1ah1hospitalizedh1patienth1whoh1hash1ah1spinalh1cordh1i
njury.h1Whichh1activityh1canh1theh1patienth1expecth1theh1nurseh1inh1thish1roleh1toh1perform?
a. Careh1forh1theh1patienth1duringh1hospitalizationh1forh1theh1injuries.
b. Assisth1theh1patienth1withh1homeh1careh1activitiesh1duringh1recovery.
c. Coordinateh1theh1servicesh1theh1patienth1receivesh1inh1theh1hospitalh1andh1ath1home.