HESI PN Obstetrics/Maternity Practice Exam,
Pediatrics HESI PN Review, Hesi Peds, PN HESI
Peds, Peds & Maternity HESI, HESI
Maternity/Pediatric Remediation Answered
Correctly Updated
The practical nurse (PN) observes the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) placing a tongue blade at the
bedside of a child admitted with a seizure disorder. Which intervention should the PN implement?
a. Determine if the tongue blade is the correct size based on the child's height and weight.
b. Advise the UAP that a nurse should assume this responsibility.
c. Assist the UAP to tape padding securely around the tongue blade.
d. Tell the UAP that tongue blades should not be inserted during a seiz - Correct Answer-d. Tell the UAP
that tongue blades should not be inserted during a seizure.
Rationale:Tongue blades can cause damage or force the tongue to obstruct the airway and should not
be inserted during seizure activity. Nothing should be placed in the child's mouth. During a seizure, the
airway can be opened with jaw thrust technique, and the child can be turned to the side to prevent
pooling of secretions.
A child is admitted to the hospital for confirmation of a diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
When performing a nursing assessment, which symptoms that are commonly manifested by this
condition should the practical nurse (PN) observe in the child?
a. Bone pain, pallor
b.Weakness, tremors
c.Nystagmus, anorexia
d.Fever, abdominal distention - Correct Answer-a. Bone pain, pallor
Rationale:Bone pain and pallor are the most common presenting symptoms of leukemia. Leukemic cells
invade the bone marrow, gradually causing a weakening of the bone and a tendency toward
pathological fractures. As leukemic cells invade the periosteum, increasing pressure causes severe pain
and anemia results from decreased erythrocytes, causing pallor.
1
,To minimize separation anxiety in a hospitalized 2-year-old, which nursing intervention is best for the
practical nurse to implement?
a.Provide for privacy.
b.Encourage parents to room-in.
c.Explain procedures and routines.
d.Encourage contact with children of the same age. - Correct Answer-b.Encourage parents to room-in.
Rationale:Separation anxiety is especially threatening for toddlers, so encouraging parents to room-in
helps the toddler cope with this threat.
The practical nurse (PN) is caring for an infant with pyloric stenosis. What nursing intervention should be
included in the preoperative period?
a.Monitor for signs of metabolic acidosis.
b.Estimate the quantity of diarrhea stools.
c.Place in a supine position after feeding.
d.Observe for projectile vomiting. - Correct Answer-d.Observe for projectile vomiting.
Rationale:Projectile vomiting, the classic sign of pyloric stenosis, contributes to metabolic alkalosis.
A child with acute appendicitis who is scheduled for surgery in 3 hours is complaining of abdominal pain.
Which intervention should the practical nurse implement?
a.Assist the child into a position of comfort
b.Withhold administration of a narcotic analgesic.
c.Place a warm compress over the tender area.
d.Offer to provide the child with warm tea or broth. - Correct Answer-a.Assist the child into a position of
comfort
Rationale:Placing the child in a position of comfort best minimizes abdominal pain related to intra-
abdominal inflammation of the appendix.
2
,The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a child with Wilms' tumor. Which preoperative intervention should
the PN implement?
a.Gently percuss the abdomen for evidence of trapped air.
b.Observe the abdomen for any noticeable discolorations.
c.Apply cold compresses to the abdomen to reduce edema.
d.Put a sign above the bed reading, "Do not palpate abdomen." - Correct Answer-d.Put a sign above the
bed reading, "Do not palpate abdomen."
Rationale:Prevention of abdominal palpation minimizes the risk of rupturing the encapsulated tumor
and subsequent metastasis.
The parent of a 4-year-old often observes his child at day care via a video camera hookup to his
computer. The parent tells the practical nurse (PN) at the day care center that the child frequently eats
with her fingers rather than with utensils. How should the PN respond?
a.Explain that the day care center employs certified child care specialists with knowledge of growth and
development.
b.Advise the parent that an in-service program will be provided to staff regarding mealtime behavior to
be e - Correct Answer-d.Offer reassurance that this behavior is normal but that the child can now be
taught how to use utensils.
Rationale:Preschoolers should learn to use utensils but often prefer to use their fingers.
The practical nurse (PN) in the clinic receives a phone call from the mother of a 6-year-old child with a
newly applied cast for a fracture of the femur. The mother reports that the child is in pain and is crying
and that the child's foot appears swollen and blue. Which nursing diagnosis supports the PN's initial
intervention?
a.Impaired skin integrity
b.Altered comfort (acute pain)
c.Altered peripheral tissue perfusion
d.Ineffective individual coping - Correct Answer-c.Altered peripheral tissue perfusion
3
, Rationale:Because the child is exhibiting indications of impaired circulation (pain and cyanosis), altered
peripheral tissue perfusion is the highest priority. The PN should instruct the mother to elevate the
child's foot and bring the child into the clinic or emergency room immediately for evaluation.
A newborn who has mild transitional (positional) clubfeet is placed in bilateral casts in an overcorrected
valgus (outward) position. What is the primary issue the practical nurse should review with the parents
during discharge teaching?
a.Prevent cast soiling and maintain the cast's edge by petaling.
b.Observe for skin and circulation compromise from the cast.
c.Manipulate the cast surfaces with the palms of the hands.
d.Support and elevate both legs on pillows continuously. - Correct Answer-b.Observe for skin and
circulation compromise from the cast.
Rationale:Reinforcing information with parents about their role in care and about vigilant observation
for potential problems of the infant at home such as skin and circulation compromise is the most
important nursing intervention.
A 12-year-old with type 1 diabetes mellitus complains of abdominal pain and has experienced increased
thirst during the previous 24 hours. What action should the practical nurse implement first?
a.Obtain blood for a complete blood count (CBC) test.
b.Initiate D10W at 50 mL/hour IV.
c.Test urine for ketones and glucose.
d.Assess temperature and blood pressure. - Correct Answer-c.Test urine for ketones and glucose.
Rationale:This child is exhibiting signs of impending diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), so the child's urine
should be tested for ketones and glucose to assess for DKA.
An infant is born with a ventricular septal defect (VSD), and surgery is planned to correct the defect. The
practical nurse (PN) should understand that the surgical correction is designed to achieve which
hemodynamic outcome?
a.Stop the flow of unoxygenated blood into systemic circulation.
b.Increase the flow of unoxygenated blood to the lungs.
c.Prevent the return of oxygenated blood to the lungs.
4
Pediatrics HESI PN Review, Hesi Peds, PN HESI
Peds, Peds & Maternity HESI, HESI
Maternity/Pediatric Remediation Answered
Correctly Updated
The practical nurse (PN) observes the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) placing a tongue blade at the
bedside of a child admitted with a seizure disorder. Which intervention should the PN implement?
a. Determine if the tongue blade is the correct size based on the child's height and weight.
b. Advise the UAP that a nurse should assume this responsibility.
c. Assist the UAP to tape padding securely around the tongue blade.
d. Tell the UAP that tongue blades should not be inserted during a seiz - Correct Answer-d. Tell the UAP
that tongue blades should not be inserted during a seizure.
Rationale:Tongue blades can cause damage or force the tongue to obstruct the airway and should not
be inserted during seizure activity. Nothing should be placed in the child's mouth. During a seizure, the
airway can be opened with jaw thrust technique, and the child can be turned to the side to prevent
pooling of secretions.
A child is admitted to the hospital for confirmation of a diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
When performing a nursing assessment, which symptoms that are commonly manifested by this
condition should the practical nurse (PN) observe in the child?
a. Bone pain, pallor
b.Weakness, tremors
c.Nystagmus, anorexia
d.Fever, abdominal distention - Correct Answer-a. Bone pain, pallor
Rationale:Bone pain and pallor are the most common presenting symptoms of leukemia. Leukemic cells
invade the bone marrow, gradually causing a weakening of the bone and a tendency toward
pathological fractures. As leukemic cells invade the periosteum, increasing pressure causes severe pain
and anemia results from decreased erythrocytes, causing pallor.
1
,To minimize separation anxiety in a hospitalized 2-year-old, which nursing intervention is best for the
practical nurse to implement?
a.Provide for privacy.
b.Encourage parents to room-in.
c.Explain procedures and routines.
d.Encourage contact with children of the same age. - Correct Answer-b.Encourage parents to room-in.
Rationale:Separation anxiety is especially threatening for toddlers, so encouraging parents to room-in
helps the toddler cope with this threat.
The practical nurse (PN) is caring for an infant with pyloric stenosis. What nursing intervention should be
included in the preoperative period?
a.Monitor for signs of metabolic acidosis.
b.Estimate the quantity of diarrhea stools.
c.Place in a supine position after feeding.
d.Observe for projectile vomiting. - Correct Answer-d.Observe for projectile vomiting.
Rationale:Projectile vomiting, the classic sign of pyloric stenosis, contributes to metabolic alkalosis.
A child with acute appendicitis who is scheduled for surgery in 3 hours is complaining of abdominal pain.
Which intervention should the practical nurse implement?
a.Assist the child into a position of comfort
b.Withhold administration of a narcotic analgesic.
c.Place a warm compress over the tender area.
d.Offer to provide the child with warm tea or broth. - Correct Answer-a.Assist the child into a position of
comfort
Rationale:Placing the child in a position of comfort best minimizes abdominal pain related to intra-
abdominal inflammation of the appendix.
2
,The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a child with Wilms' tumor. Which preoperative intervention should
the PN implement?
a.Gently percuss the abdomen for evidence of trapped air.
b.Observe the abdomen for any noticeable discolorations.
c.Apply cold compresses to the abdomen to reduce edema.
d.Put a sign above the bed reading, "Do not palpate abdomen." - Correct Answer-d.Put a sign above the
bed reading, "Do not palpate abdomen."
Rationale:Prevention of abdominal palpation minimizes the risk of rupturing the encapsulated tumor
and subsequent metastasis.
The parent of a 4-year-old often observes his child at day care via a video camera hookup to his
computer. The parent tells the practical nurse (PN) at the day care center that the child frequently eats
with her fingers rather than with utensils. How should the PN respond?
a.Explain that the day care center employs certified child care specialists with knowledge of growth and
development.
b.Advise the parent that an in-service program will be provided to staff regarding mealtime behavior to
be e - Correct Answer-d.Offer reassurance that this behavior is normal but that the child can now be
taught how to use utensils.
Rationale:Preschoolers should learn to use utensils but often prefer to use their fingers.
The practical nurse (PN) in the clinic receives a phone call from the mother of a 6-year-old child with a
newly applied cast for a fracture of the femur. The mother reports that the child is in pain and is crying
and that the child's foot appears swollen and blue. Which nursing diagnosis supports the PN's initial
intervention?
a.Impaired skin integrity
b.Altered comfort (acute pain)
c.Altered peripheral tissue perfusion
d.Ineffective individual coping - Correct Answer-c.Altered peripheral tissue perfusion
3
, Rationale:Because the child is exhibiting indications of impaired circulation (pain and cyanosis), altered
peripheral tissue perfusion is the highest priority. The PN should instruct the mother to elevate the
child's foot and bring the child into the clinic or emergency room immediately for evaluation.
A newborn who has mild transitional (positional) clubfeet is placed in bilateral casts in an overcorrected
valgus (outward) position. What is the primary issue the practical nurse should review with the parents
during discharge teaching?
a.Prevent cast soiling and maintain the cast's edge by petaling.
b.Observe for skin and circulation compromise from the cast.
c.Manipulate the cast surfaces with the palms of the hands.
d.Support and elevate both legs on pillows continuously. - Correct Answer-b.Observe for skin and
circulation compromise from the cast.
Rationale:Reinforcing information with parents about their role in care and about vigilant observation
for potential problems of the infant at home such as skin and circulation compromise is the most
important nursing intervention.
A 12-year-old with type 1 diabetes mellitus complains of abdominal pain and has experienced increased
thirst during the previous 24 hours. What action should the practical nurse implement first?
a.Obtain blood for a complete blood count (CBC) test.
b.Initiate D10W at 50 mL/hour IV.
c.Test urine for ketones and glucose.
d.Assess temperature and blood pressure. - Correct Answer-c.Test urine for ketones and glucose.
Rationale:This child is exhibiting signs of impending diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), so the child's urine
should be tested for ketones and glucose to assess for DKA.
An infant is born with a ventricular septal defect (VSD), and surgery is planned to correct the defect. The
practical nurse (PN) should understand that the surgical correction is designed to achieve which
hemodynamic outcome?
a.Stop the flow of unoxygenated blood into systemic circulation.
b.Increase the flow of unoxygenated blood to the lungs.
c.Prevent the return of oxygenated blood to the lungs.
4
