Biology 1002B- Cycle 5 Test Questions
and Answers.
Measuring the rate of cellular respiration - Answer -Measuring the change in oxygen
-Measuring rate of respiration in isolated mitochondria
Measuring the rate of cellular respiration II - Answer -If you add mitochondria to an oxygen
electrode chamber what happens to the oxygen concentration in the chamber?
-Grind up chlamy cells
-Purify intact mitochondria
-Wash the mitchondria
-Incubate in a buffer
Can inject things
Measuring the rate of respiration III - Answer -Never run out of what you had before
(whatever was added before is still in the chamber
-Does not matter where line starts
1. Add washed mitchondria at t=0 (oxygen going away) nothing is feeding e- (just buffer)
2. At t=2 min, lets add some NADH
3. At t=4 min add ADP and Pi (rate of resp gets steeper)
4. At t=6 min, add some uncoupler (rate will go down evern more) highest rate!!!
Respiratory control - Answer -Rate of e- transport (O2 consumption) adjusts based on
avaiabiltity of ADP and Pi
-Atp synthase is a gated channel (the protons can ot get back through unless ADP and Pi are
there)
-Then proton gradient goes through
-If you add ADP and Pi then proton gradeint will disapate amd
-If you have NADH then the rate will be slightly lower then if you had NADH+ and ADP, Pi
Uncoupling - Answer -Uncoupled rate of e- transport is the highest rate
Growth - Answer The process of becoming larger
-One chlamy divides into two
, Chlamydomonas: Autotrophic growth (how is chloroplast linked to growth?) - Answer -Light
reactions make ATP, enzymes pick it up in the calvin cycle, free energy is used and it makes ADP,
Atp is then a substrate for ATP synthase
-Need energy to grow (Atp made in cholorplast stays in chloroplast)
-What is the molecule that links up chloroplast to the rest of the cell (G3p)
-There is a g3p transporter that transports G3p from the chlroplast to the cytosol
-G3p is an intermidete glycolysis, can respire g3p, thats the energy link, export g3p from the
chloroplast, g3p gets metabolizied by glycolysis
-The two cells have twice as much mass, DNA, twice as much protein, twice as much everything
as origianal cell
-G3p is the carbon backbone (biosynthethic reactions) and the bulding blocks for amino acids,
etc thats where mass comes from
Chlamy - Heterotrophic growth? - Answer What would Chalamy need in order to grow in the
dark?
-Food is C-H bonds, chlamy does not have a glucose transporter to provide itself with food, has
a acetate transporter instead, does not know how to bring glucose from enviorment but can
bring acetate instead
-Acetate is very common from enviorment
-TAP - A stands for acetate
- Clamy can grow in the dark it just needs acetate, can be converted to acetyl coA which is a
source of carbon and energy soure
-Way to grow chlamy the fastest is to grow it in TAP and in the light so using heterotrophy and
autotrophy at the same time
-Mixotrophic growth - when using autotrophy (photosynthesis) and bringing reduced carbons
from enviorment (acetate) and that is mixotrophic
Integrated metabolism II - Answer We have an intact chlamys cell and what we want to do is
measure the rate of photosynthesis using a technique called gas exchange (change is either in
CO2 or O2 using an electrode)
- However, in intact chlamys cells, respiration is consuming oxygen, amount of oxygen produced
as a result of photosynthesis is an underestimation (underestimate measure of photosynthesis)
- We can also measure the rate of C02 disappearing , however problem with that we will
underestimate the disappearance rate of Co2 because respiration produces CO2
Let's measure photosynthesis - Answer - Co2 analyzer measures change in CO2
- In photosynthesis the Co2 analyzer will measure a decrease in Co2 ( Co2 is being fixed in a
solid in the Calvin cycle)
- We have a chamber of chalamy and it has a set of lights and so we can see the effects of light
on the rate of co2 fixation
and Answers.
Measuring the rate of cellular respiration - Answer -Measuring the change in oxygen
-Measuring rate of respiration in isolated mitochondria
Measuring the rate of cellular respiration II - Answer -If you add mitochondria to an oxygen
electrode chamber what happens to the oxygen concentration in the chamber?
-Grind up chlamy cells
-Purify intact mitochondria
-Wash the mitchondria
-Incubate in a buffer
Can inject things
Measuring the rate of respiration III - Answer -Never run out of what you had before
(whatever was added before is still in the chamber
-Does not matter where line starts
1. Add washed mitchondria at t=0 (oxygen going away) nothing is feeding e- (just buffer)
2. At t=2 min, lets add some NADH
3. At t=4 min add ADP and Pi (rate of resp gets steeper)
4. At t=6 min, add some uncoupler (rate will go down evern more) highest rate!!!
Respiratory control - Answer -Rate of e- transport (O2 consumption) adjusts based on
avaiabiltity of ADP and Pi
-Atp synthase is a gated channel (the protons can ot get back through unless ADP and Pi are
there)
-Then proton gradient goes through
-If you add ADP and Pi then proton gradeint will disapate amd
-If you have NADH then the rate will be slightly lower then if you had NADH+ and ADP, Pi
Uncoupling - Answer -Uncoupled rate of e- transport is the highest rate
Growth - Answer The process of becoming larger
-One chlamy divides into two
, Chlamydomonas: Autotrophic growth (how is chloroplast linked to growth?) - Answer -Light
reactions make ATP, enzymes pick it up in the calvin cycle, free energy is used and it makes ADP,
Atp is then a substrate for ATP synthase
-Need energy to grow (Atp made in cholorplast stays in chloroplast)
-What is the molecule that links up chloroplast to the rest of the cell (G3p)
-There is a g3p transporter that transports G3p from the chlroplast to the cytosol
-G3p is an intermidete glycolysis, can respire g3p, thats the energy link, export g3p from the
chloroplast, g3p gets metabolizied by glycolysis
-The two cells have twice as much mass, DNA, twice as much protein, twice as much everything
as origianal cell
-G3p is the carbon backbone (biosynthethic reactions) and the bulding blocks for amino acids,
etc thats where mass comes from
Chlamy - Heterotrophic growth? - Answer What would Chalamy need in order to grow in the
dark?
-Food is C-H bonds, chlamy does not have a glucose transporter to provide itself with food, has
a acetate transporter instead, does not know how to bring glucose from enviorment but can
bring acetate instead
-Acetate is very common from enviorment
-TAP - A stands for acetate
- Clamy can grow in the dark it just needs acetate, can be converted to acetyl coA which is a
source of carbon and energy soure
-Way to grow chlamy the fastest is to grow it in TAP and in the light so using heterotrophy and
autotrophy at the same time
-Mixotrophic growth - when using autotrophy (photosynthesis) and bringing reduced carbons
from enviorment (acetate) and that is mixotrophic
Integrated metabolism II - Answer We have an intact chlamys cell and what we want to do is
measure the rate of photosynthesis using a technique called gas exchange (change is either in
CO2 or O2 using an electrode)
- However, in intact chlamys cells, respiration is consuming oxygen, amount of oxygen produced
as a result of photosynthesis is an underestimation (underestimate measure of photosynthesis)
- We can also measure the rate of C02 disappearing , however problem with that we will
underestimate the disappearance rate of Co2 because respiration produces CO2
Let's measure photosynthesis - Answer - Co2 analyzer measures change in CO2
- In photosynthesis the Co2 analyzer will measure a decrease in Co2 ( Co2 is being fixed in a
solid in the Calvin cycle)
- We have a chamber of chalamy and it has a set of lights and so we can see the effects of light
on the rate of co2 fixation
