NURS334 Med-Surg II Final Exam: (Latest 2026/2027 Update) BPH,
Neurology, Renal, GI, Critical Care | Q&A | Grade A | 100% Correct
(Verified Answers) – Nursing Program
Subject: Medical-Surgical Nursing II | BPH, Prostate Cancer, Neurological Disorders, Renal Failure,
GI, Orthopedics, Critical Care
Format: 50 questions - MCQs, SATA, Priority/Ordering | Clinical Judgment
Difficulty: NCLEX-RN / HESI Level | Comprehensive Final Exam Review
Includes: Answer key with in-depth rationales and clinical pearls
SECTION 1: CLINICAL JUDGMENT QUESTIONS
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) & Prostate Cancer
1. A 68-year-old male reports urinary frequency, weak stream, nocturia, and sensation of
incomplete emptying. Which diagnostic test is most specific for evaluating the severity of BPH
symptoms?
A. Digital rectal examination (DRE)
B. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level
C. International Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS)
D. Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)
2. A patient with BPH is prescribed finasteride (Proscar). The nurse understands that this
medication works by:
A. Relaxing smooth muscle of the prostate and bladder
B. Inhibiting production of dihydrotestosterone (DHT)
C. Shrinking prostate tissue using radiofrequency energy
D. Blocking alpha-adrenergic receptors in the prostate
3. A patient returns from transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) with continuous bladder
irrigation (CBI). Which assessment finding requires immediate notification of the provider?
A. Light pink urine with small clots
B. Patient reports bladder spasms rated 4/10
C. Bright red urine with large clots and decreased irrigation outflow
D. Output slightly less than irrigation input
4. A patient with metastatic prostate cancer has a Gleason score of 9. The nurse understands that
this indicates:
A. Low-grade prostate cancer with low metastatic potential
B. Intermediate-grade cancer requiring active surveillance
C. High-grade cancer with high likelihood of metastasis
D. Benign prostatic hyperplasia requiring no treatment
Neurological Disorders: Stroke, Seizures, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, MS, TBI
, 5. A patient presents with sudden right-sided weakness, facial droop, and slurred speech. The
patient's last known well time was 2 hours ago. What is the priority intervention?
A. Obtain a stat CT scan of the head
B. Administer aspirin 325 mg PO
C. Prepare for tPA (alteplase) administration per protocol
D. Place patient in Trendelenburg position
6. During a generalized tonic-clonic seizure, which nursing action is most appropriate?
A. Insert a padded tongue blade to prevent tongue biting
B. Restrain the patient's limbs to prevent injury
C. Place the patient on their side and protect the head
D. Administer oral antiepileptic medication immediately
7. A patient with Alzheimer's disease is in the middle (moderate) stage. Which manifestation is
most characteristic of this stage?
A. Mild memory loss for names and recent events
B. Complete disorientation to time, place, and event
C. Loss of facial recognition and inability to perform ADLs
D. Preservation of social skills and past memories
8. The nurse is assessing a patient with Parkinson's disease. Which finding is a cardinal sign of
this disorder?
A. Intention tremor that worsens with purposeful movement
B. Resting tremor, bradykinesia, and muscle rigidity
C. Wing-beating tremor and ataxic gait
D. Chorea and hemiballismus
9. A patient with multiple sclerosis (MS) reports extreme fatigue, worsening symptoms after a
hot bath, and blurry vision. The nurse should teach the patient to:
A. Increase physical activity to build endurance
B. Avoid hot tubs and limit exposure to heat
C. Take hot showers to relieve muscle stiffness
D. Increase dietary protein to 2g/kg/day
10. Which finding indicates increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in a patient with traumatic
brain injury? (Select all that apply) (Select all that apply)
A. Widened pulse pressure
B. Tachycardia
C. Bradycardia
D. Hypertension
E. Irregular respirations
Renal & Urinary Disorders: AKI, CKD, Dialysis, UTI
11. A patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L. Which
intervention should the nurse anticipate first?
A. Administer oral potassium supplements
B. Prepare for emergent hemodialysis
C. Administer IV calcium gluconate and insulin with glucose
D. Restrict dietary potassium to 1 g/day
Neurology, Renal, GI, Critical Care | Q&A | Grade A | 100% Correct
(Verified Answers) – Nursing Program
Subject: Medical-Surgical Nursing II | BPH, Prostate Cancer, Neurological Disorders, Renal Failure,
GI, Orthopedics, Critical Care
Format: 50 questions - MCQs, SATA, Priority/Ordering | Clinical Judgment
Difficulty: NCLEX-RN / HESI Level | Comprehensive Final Exam Review
Includes: Answer key with in-depth rationales and clinical pearls
SECTION 1: CLINICAL JUDGMENT QUESTIONS
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) & Prostate Cancer
1. A 68-year-old male reports urinary frequency, weak stream, nocturia, and sensation of
incomplete emptying. Which diagnostic test is most specific for evaluating the severity of BPH
symptoms?
A. Digital rectal examination (DRE)
B. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level
C. International Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS)
D. Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)
2. A patient with BPH is prescribed finasteride (Proscar). The nurse understands that this
medication works by:
A. Relaxing smooth muscle of the prostate and bladder
B. Inhibiting production of dihydrotestosterone (DHT)
C. Shrinking prostate tissue using radiofrequency energy
D. Blocking alpha-adrenergic receptors in the prostate
3. A patient returns from transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) with continuous bladder
irrigation (CBI). Which assessment finding requires immediate notification of the provider?
A. Light pink urine with small clots
B. Patient reports bladder spasms rated 4/10
C. Bright red urine with large clots and decreased irrigation outflow
D. Output slightly less than irrigation input
4. A patient with metastatic prostate cancer has a Gleason score of 9. The nurse understands that
this indicates:
A. Low-grade prostate cancer with low metastatic potential
B. Intermediate-grade cancer requiring active surveillance
C. High-grade cancer with high likelihood of metastasis
D. Benign prostatic hyperplasia requiring no treatment
Neurological Disorders: Stroke, Seizures, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, MS, TBI
, 5. A patient presents with sudden right-sided weakness, facial droop, and slurred speech. The
patient's last known well time was 2 hours ago. What is the priority intervention?
A. Obtain a stat CT scan of the head
B. Administer aspirin 325 mg PO
C. Prepare for tPA (alteplase) administration per protocol
D. Place patient in Trendelenburg position
6. During a generalized tonic-clonic seizure, which nursing action is most appropriate?
A. Insert a padded tongue blade to prevent tongue biting
B. Restrain the patient's limbs to prevent injury
C. Place the patient on their side and protect the head
D. Administer oral antiepileptic medication immediately
7. A patient with Alzheimer's disease is in the middle (moderate) stage. Which manifestation is
most characteristic of this stage?
A. Mild memory loss for names and recent events
B. Complete disorientation to time, place, and event
C. Loss of facial recognition and inability to perform ADLs
D. Preservation of social skills and past memories
8. The nurse is assessing a patient with Parkinson's disease. Which finding is a cardinal sign of
this disorder?
A. Intention tremor that worsens with purposeful movement
B. Resting tremor, bradykinesia, and muscle rigidity
C. Wing-beating tremor and ataxic gait
D. Chorea and hemiballismus
9. A patient with multiple sclerosis (MS) reports extreme fatigue, worsening symptoms after a
hot bath, and blurry vision. The nurse should teach the patient to:
A. Increase physical activity to build endurance
B. Avoid hot tubs and limit exposure to heat
C. Take hot showers to relieve muscle stiffness
D. Increase dietary protein to 2g/kg/day
10. Which finding indicates increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in a patient with traumatic
brain injury? (Select all that apply) (Select all that apply)
A. Widened pulse pressure
B. Tachycardia
C. Bradycardia
D. Hypertension
E. Irregular respirations
Renal & Urinary Disorders: AKI, CKD, Dialysis, UTI
11. A patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L. Which
intervention should the nurse anticipate first?
A. Administer oral potassium supplements
B. Prepare for emergent hemodialysis
C. Administer IV calcium gluconate and insulin with glucose
D. Restrict dietary potassium to 1 g/day
