GMS 6504 CERTIFICATION EXAM
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS 2026
▶ what are the levels of organization in the heart. Answer: amino acids -->
proteins
proteins --> contraction-filament organelles
organelles --> muscle cells
muscle cells --> muscle tissue
muscle tissue --> muscle (organ like a heart)
heart --> other organs --> organ system
organ systems --> organism (human being)
▶ what is the definition of anatomy?. Answer: the study of structure (greek
for a cutting up)
▶ what is the definition of physiology?. Answer: the study of function
(greek for relationship to nature)
▶ what is structure ALWAYS related to?. Answer: function
▶ what are the characteristics of life?. Answer: respiration
digestion
absorption
assimilation
circulation
excretion
▶ what are the main goals of respiration?. Answer: obtaining oxygen and
removing carbon dioxide from the body
▶ what is the definition of assimilation in the body?. Answer: changing of
absorbed substances into chemically different forms
,▶ what happens when homeostasis is out of whack?. Answer: disease,
organ systems malfunctioning
▶ what are the different organ systems in the body?. Answer: skeletal
system
muscular system
digestive system
cardiovascular/respiratory system
renal/urinary system
endocrine system
nervous system
▶ what are the major organs in the skeletal system?. Answer: bones
cartilage
bone marrow
▶ how many bones are in the human body?. Answer: 206 bones
▶ what are the functions of the skeletal system?. Answer: provides
support
provides protection
stores calcium/other minerals
forms blood cells
▶ how is skeletal muscle organized?. Answer: muscle attached to tendon
tendon attached to bone
▶ what are the major organs in the muscular system?. Answer: skeletal
muscles
associated tendons
▶ how many muscles are there in the body. Answer: 650 muscles
▶ how does the muscular system use the energy in the body. Answer:
40% energy muscle contraction
60% generate heat
▶ what are the functions of the muscular system. Answer: provides
movement
, provides protection/support
generates heat to maintain body temperature
▶ what are the two main components of muscles?. Answer: myosin and
actin
▶ how many leg muscles are required to walk>. Answer: 12
▶ what is voluntary movement controlled by. Answer: brain
motor neurons
neuromuscular junctions
▶ what are the three different types of muscle types. Answer: skeletal
muscle
cardiac muscle
smooth muscle
▶ what two muscle types are involuntary. Answer: smooth and cardiac
▶ what type of muscle is spindle shaped and in irregular bundles with dark
nuclei. Answer: smooth muscle
▶ what type of muscle has striations visible. Answer: skeletal muscle
▶ what type of muscle is in the GI tract (esophagus, stomach). Answer:
smooth muscle
▶ what are the major organs of the digestive system. Answer: teeth,
tongue, pharynx
esophagus
stomach
small intestine
large intestine
liver
gallbladder
pancreas
▶ what are the functions of the digestive system. Answer: process and
digest food
absorb and conserve water
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS 2026
▶ what are the levels of organization in the heart. Answer: amino acids -->
proteins
proteins --> contraction-filament organelles
organelles --> muscle cells
muscle cells --> muscle tissue
muscle tissue --> muscle (organ like a heart)
heart --> other organs --> organ system
organ systems --> organism (human being)
▶ what is the definition of anatomy?. Answer: the study of structure (greek
for a cutting up)
▶ what is the definition of physiology?. Answer: the study of function
(greek for relationship to nature)
▶ what is structure ALWAYS related to?. Answer: function
▶ what are the characteristics of life?. Answer: respiration
digestion
absorption
assimilation
circulation
excretion
▶ what are the main goals of respiration?. Answer: obtaining oxygen and
removing carbon dioxide from the body
▶ what is the definition of assimilation in the body?. Answer: changing of
absorbed substances into chemically different forms
,▶ what happens when homeostasis is out of whack?. Answer: disease,
organ systems malfunctioning
▶ what are the different organ systems in the body?. Answer: skeletal
system
muscular system
digestive system
cardiovascular/respiratory system
renal/urinary system
endocrine system
nervous system
▶ what are the major organs in the skeletal system?. Answer: bones
cartilage
bone marrow
▶ how many bones are in the human body?. Answer: 206 bones
▶ what are the functions of the skeletal system?. Answer: provides
support
provides protection
stores calcium/other minerals
forms blood cells
▶ how is skeletal muscle organized?. Answer: muscle attached to tendon
tendon attached to bone
▶ what are the major organs in the muscular system?. Answer: skeletal
muscles
associated tendons
▶ how many muscles are there in the body. Answer: 650 muscles
▶ how does the muscular system use the energy in the body. Answer:
40% energy muscle contraction
60% generate heat
▶ what are the functions of the muscular system. Answer: provides
movement
, provides protection/support
generates heat to maintain body temperature
▶ what are the two main components of muscles?. Answer: myosin and
actin
▶ how many leg muscles are required to walk>. Answer: 12
▶ what is voluntary movement controlled by. Answer: brain
motor neurons
neuromuscular junctions
▶ what are the three different types of muscle types. Answer: skeletal
muscle
cardiac muscle
smooth muscle
▶ what two muscle types are involuntary. Answer: smooth and cardiac
▶ what type of muscle is spindle shaped and in irregular bundles with dark
nuclei. Answer: smooth muscle
▶ what type of muscle has striations visible. Answer: skeletal muscle
▶ what type of muscle is in the GI tract (esophagus, stomach). Answer:
smooth muscle
▶ what are the major organs of the digestive system. Answer: teeth,
tongue, pharynx
esophagus
stomach
small intestine
large intestine
liver
gallbladder
pancreas
▶ what are the functions of the digestive system. Answer: process and
digest food
absorb and conserve water
