ATI Med Surg Gastrointestinal Actual Exam
Exam
ATI Med Surg Gastrointestinal Actual Exam
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (100%
CORRECT ANSWERS) WITH RATIONALES/
GUARANTEED PASS GRADED A+
A nurse is teaching a client who was recently diagnosed with Raynaud's disease about preventing the
onset of manifestations. Which of the following statements made by the client indicates an
understanding of the teaching?
A. "I should limit my exposure to sunlight."
B. "I should avoid drinking alcohol."
C. "I should not smoke."
D. "I should limit of intake of foods high in purine." –
Correct Answer :"I should not smoke."
A+ TEST BANK 1
, ATI Med Surg Gastrointestinal Actual Exam
Exam
Raynaud's disease is a disorder of the blood vessels that supply blood to the skin and cause the distal
extremities to feel numb and cool in response to cold temperatures or stress. During a Raynaud's
attack, these arteries narrow, limiting blood circulation to affected areas. Strong emotion or exposure
to the cold causes these areas to become white, due to a lack of blood flow in the area. They then
turn blue, as tiny blood vessels dilate to allow more blood to remain in the tissues. When the flow of
blood returns, the area becomes red and then later returns to normal color. This can cause tingling,
swelling and painful throbbing. The attacks can last from minutes to hours. If the condition
progresses, blood flow to the area could become permanently decreased, causing the fingers to
become thin and tapered, with smooth, shiny skin and slow-growing nails. If an artery becomes
blocked completely, gangrene or ulceration of the skin can occur. Smoking cessation, not just
reduction, is an action the client should take to prevent the onset of the manifestations of Raynaud's
disease.
A nurse is assessing a client who has systemic Scleroderma. In addition to skin changes, which of the
following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Excessive salivation
B. Finger contractures
C. Periorbital edema
D. Alopecia –
Correct Answer :Finger contractures
Scleroderma is a chronic disease that can cause thickening, hardening, or tightening of the skin, blood
vessels, and internal organs. There are two types of scleroderma: localized scleroderma, which mainly
affects the skin, and systemic scleroderma, which can affect internal organs. The manifestations
include skin changes, Raynaud's phenomenon, arthritis, muscle weakness, and dry mucous
membranes. With scleroderma, the body produces and deposits too much collagen, causing
thickening and hardening. In addition to the client's skin and subcutaneous tissues becoming
increasingly hard and rigid, the extremities stiffen and lose mobility. Contractures develop with
advanced systemic scleroderma unless clients follow a regimen of range-of-motion and muscle-
strengthening exercises.
A+ TEST BANK 2
, ATI Med Surg Gastrointestinal Actual Exam
Exam
A nurse is teaching a client who has human immunodeficiency virus about how the virus is
transmitted. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. "HIV can be transmitted as soon as a person develops manifestations."
B. "HIV can be transmitted to anyone who has had contact with the infected blood."
C. "HIV is transmitted through the respiratory route through droplets."
D. "HIV is transmitted only during the active phase of the virus." –
Correct Answer :"HIV can be transmitted to anyone who has had contact with the infected blood."
The concentration of the virus is highest in blood but also has been isolated in other body fluids,
including sputum, saliva, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and semen. Clients who have HIV are cautioned to
practice safe sex, avoid donating blood, and abstain from sharing needles with others.
A nurse is caring for a client who has human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Which of the following
types of isolations should the nurse implement to prevent transmission of the HIV virus?
A. Protective isolation
B. Droplet precautions
C. Standard precautions
D. Contact precautions –
Correct Answer :Standard precautions
Standard precautions should be implemented with every client, to prevent the spread of infection
transmitted by direct or indirect contact with infectious blood or body fluids. Because HIV is spread
through blood and bodily fluids, standard precautions are appropriate.
A+ TEST BANK 3
, ATI Med Surg Gastrointestinal Actual Exam
Exam
A nurse is teaching a client who has tested positive for an allergy to dust. The nurse should determine
that the client understands how to reduce her exposure to this allergy when she states which of the
following?
A. "I will begin vacuuming once a week."
B. "Carpeting the entire house will be very expensive, but it will be worth it."
C. "I will apply a mattress cover to my bed."
D. Installing curtains on the windows will help control the dust in the house." –
Correct Answer :"I will apply a mattress cover to my bed."
The nurse should instruct the client to apply a hypoallergenic mattress cover that can be zipped over
her bed to control the amount of dust. The client should remove the mattress cover periodically and
machine wash to clean.
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing an acute exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis. The
nurse should anticipate that the client's affected joints will require which of the following treatments?
A. An assistive device to use when the client is ambulating
B.Heat paraffin therapy applied to the client's joints
C. Gentle massage of the client's hands
D. Active range-of-motion exercises on the client's affected joints –
Correct Answer :Heat paraffin therapy applied to the client's joints
The nurse should anticipate the use of heat paraffin to be prescribed as a nonpharmacologic
intervention. The elevated ESR indicates an acute inflammatory process due to client's rheumatoid
arthritis. The use of the warm paraffin relives the stiffness of the client's joints and provides comfort.
A+ TEST BANK 4
Exam
ATI Med Surg Gastrointestinal Actual Exam
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (100%
CORRECT ANSWERS) WITH RATIONALES/
GUARANTEED PASS GRADED A+
A nurse is teaching a client who was recently diagnosed with Raynaud's disease about preventing the
onset of manifestations. Which of the following statements made by the client indicates an
understanding of the teaching?
A. "I should limit my exposure to sunlight."
B. "I should avoid drinking alcohol."
C. "I should not smoke."
D. "I should limit of intake of foods high in purine." –
Correct Answer :"I should not smoke."
A+ TEST BANK 1
, ATI Med Surg Gastrointestinal Actual Exam
Exam
Raynaud's disease is a disorder of the blood vessels that supply blood to the skin and cause the distal
extremities to feel numb and cool in response to cold temperatures or stress. During a Raynaud's
attack, these arteries narrow, limiting blood circulation to affected areas. Strong emotion or exposure
to the cold causes these areas to become white, due to a lack of blood flow in the area. They then
turn blue, as tiny blood vessels dilate to allow more blood to remain in the tissues. When the flow of
blood returns, the area becomes red and then later returns to normal color. This can cause tingling,
swelling and painful throbbing. The attacks can last from minutes to hours. If the condition
progresses, blood flow to the area could become permanently decreased, causing the fingers to
become thin and tapered, with smooth, shiny skin and slow-growing nails. If an artery becomes
blocked completely, gangrene or ulceration of the skin can occur. Smoking cessation, not just
reduction, is an action the client should take to prevent the onset of the manifestations of Raynaud's
disease.
A nurse is assessing a client who has systemic Scleroderma. In addition to skin changes, which of the
following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Excessive salivation
B. Finger contractures
C. Periorbital edema
D. Alopecia –
Correct Answer :Finger contractures
Scleroderma is a chronic disease that can cause thickening, hardening, or tightening of the skin, blood
vessels, and internal organs. There are two types of scleroderma: localized scleroderma, which mainly
affects the skin, and systemic scleroderma, which can affect internal organs. The manifestations
include skin changes, Raynaud's phenomenon, arthritis, muscle weakness, and dry mucous
membranes. With scleroderma, the body produces and deposits too much collagen, causing
thickening and hardening. In addition to the client's skin and subcutaneous tissues becoming
increasingly hard and rigid, the extremities stiffen and lose mobility. Contractures develop with
advanced systemic scleroderma unless clients follow a regimen of range-of-motion and muscle-
strengthening exercises.
A+ TEST BANK 2
, ATI Med Surg Gastrointestinal Actual Exam
Exam
A nurse is teaching a client who has human immunodeficiency virus about how the virus is
transmitted. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. "HIV can be transmitted as soon as a person develops manifestations."
B. "HIV can be transmitted to anyone who has had contact with the infected blood."
C. "HIV is transmitted through the respiratory route through droplets."
D. "HIV is transmitted only during the active phase of the virus." –
Correct Answer :"HIV can be transmitted to anyone who has had contact with the infected blood."
The concentration of the virus is highest in blood but also has been isolated in other body fluids,
including sputum, saliva, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and semen. Clients who have HIV are cautioned to
practice safe sex, avoid donating blood, and abstain from sharing needles with others.
A nurse is caring for a client who has human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Which of the following
types of isolations should the nurse implement to prevent transmission of the HIV virus?
A. Protective isolation
B. Droplet precautions
C. Standard precautions
D. Contact precautions –
Correct Answer :Standard precautions
Standard precautions should be implemented with every client, to prevent the spread of infection
transmitted by direct or indirect contact with infectious blood or body fluids. Because HIV is spread
through blood and bodily fluids, standard precautions are appropriate.
A+ TEST BANK 3
, ATI Med Surg Gastrointestinal Actual Exam
Exam
A nurse is teaching a client who has tested positive for an allergy to dust. The nurse should determine
that the client understands how to reduce her exposure to this allergy when she states which of the
following?
A. "I will begin vacuuming once a week."
B. "Carpeting the entire house will be very expensive, but it will be worth it."
C. "I will apply a mattress cover to my bed."
D. Installing curtains on the windows will help control the dust in the house." –
Correct Answer :"I will apply a mattress cover to my bed."
The nurse should instruct the client to apply a hypoallergenic mattress cover that can be zipped over
her bed to control the amount of dust. The client should remove the mattress cover periodically and
machine wash to clean.
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing an acute exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis. The
nurse should anticipate that the client's affected joints will require which of the following treatments?
A. An assistive device to use when the client is ambulating
B.Heat paraffin therapy applied to the client's joints
C. Gentle massage of the client's hands
D. Active range-of-motion exercises on the client's affected joints –
Correct Answer :Heat paraffin therapy applied to the client's joints
The nurse should anticipate the use of heat paraffin to be prescribed as a nonpharmacologic
intervention. The elevated ESR indicates an acute inflammatory process due to client's rheumatoid
arthritis. The use of the warm paraffin relives the stiffness of the client's joints and provides comfort.
A+ TEST BANK 4
