SWG 501 – Midterm Exam ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Social adaptation - CORRECT ANSWER People have to adjust to many different types of
events, traumas, situations or changes in their life situation
Reslience - CORRECT ANSWER Patterns of positive adaptation during or following
significant adversity or risk
Normative age-graded influences - CORRECT ANSWER predictable changes that are tied to a
person's age
Normative history-graded influences - CORRECT ANSWER social factors or mechanisms of
influence that operate during a particular historical era or period of time
Non-normative events - CORRECT ANSWER chance encounters - things that do not happen to
everyone and that do not follow any predictable timetable
Cohort effect - CORRECT ANSWER Refer to influences or external resources with known
probabilities of producing positive developmental or other relevant behavioral outcomes
Age norms - CORRECT ANSWER Represent the socially and culturally defined expectations
for how people should behave at a specific point in the life span
Ex: Gen Y (Millennials)
Protective factor - CORRECT ANSWER Any well-known event, experience, or circumstance
that is associated with a positive developmental outcome
Risk factor - CORRECT ANSWER Any event or experience associated with an undesirable
developmental outcome
Plasticity - CORRECT ANSWER The brain's ability to change, especially during childhood, by
reorganizing after damage or by building new pathways based on experience
, Ethnocentricism - CORRECT ANSWER Denial ---> defense ---> minimization
Refers to the tendency to deem the practices of others immoral, inappropriate, or inferior based on the
values and standards of one's own community
Ethnorelative - CORRECT ANSWER Acceptance ---> adaptation ---> integration
How can we best evaluate cultural values and beliefs? - CORRECT ANSWER Education,
learning about other cultures
Temperament - CORRECT ANSWER Constitutionally based individual differences in
reactivity and self-regulation, influenced over time by heredity and experience
Social environment - CORRECT ANSWER The people, families, groups, organizations, and
communities within which a person's biography unfolds
Ecological systems theory - CORRECT ANSWER Recognizes that human beings, like all other
living beings, can be understood only in the context of the systems in which they live
Person-In-Environment perspective - CORRECT ANSWER a model for understanding the
behavior of people based on the idea that persons are affected by personal characteristics, such as
health, attitudes, and beliefs, as they interact with and are affected by the characteristics of the
cultural, social, political, and economic environment
Microsystem - CORRECT ANSWER Face-to-face or direct contact among system participants
Mesosystem - CORRECT ANSWER The network of personal settings in which we spend our
social lives
Macrosystem - CORRECT ANSWER Larger, subcultural and cultural contexts in which
microsystems, mesosystems, and ecosystems are located
- have the most pervasive level of influence on social activities
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Social adaptation - CORRECT ANSWER People have to adjust to many different types of
events, traumas, situations or changes in their life situation
Reslience - CORRECT ANSWER Patterns of positive adaptation during or following
significant adversity or risk
Normative age-graded influences - CORRECT ANSWER predictable changes that are tied to a
person's age
Normative history-graded influences - CORRECT ANSWER social factors or mechanisms of
influence that operate during a particular historical era or period of time
Non-normative events - CORRECT ANSWER chance encounters - things that do not happen to
everyone and that do not follow any predictable timetable
Cohort effect - CORRECT ANSWER Refer to influences or external resources with known
probabilities of producing positive developmental or other relevant behavioral outcomes
Age norms - CORRECT ANSWER Represent the socially and culturally defined expectations
for how people should behave at a specific point in the life span
Ex: Gen Y (Millennials)
Protective factor - CORRECT ANSWER Any well-known event, experience, or circumstance
that is associated with a positive developmental outcome
Risk factor - CORRECT ANSWER Any event or experience associated with an undesirable
developmental outcome
Plasticity - CORRECT ANSWER The brain's ability to change, especially during childhood, by
reorganizing after damage or by building new pathways based on experience
, Ethnocentricism - CORRECT ANSWER Denial ---> defense ---> minimization
Refers to the tendency to deem the practices of others immoral, inappropriate, or inferior based on the
values and standards of one's own community
Ethnorelative - CORRECT ANSWER Acceptance ---> adaptation ---> integration
How can we best evaluate cultural values and beliefs? - CORRECT ANSWER Education,
learning about other cultures
Temperament - CORRECT ANSWER Constitutionally based individual differences in
reactivity and self-regulation, influenced over time by heredity and experience
Social environment - CORRECT ANSWER The people, families, groups, organizations, and
communities within which a person's biography unfolds
Ecological systems theory - CORRECT ANSWER Recognizes that human beings, like all other
living beings, can be understood only in the context of the systems in which they live
Person-In-Environment perspective - CORRECT ANSWER a model for understanding the
behavior of people based on the idea that persons are affected by personal characteristics, such as
health, attitudes, and beliefs, as they interact with and are affected by the characteristics of the
cultural, social, political, and economic environment
Microsystem - CORRECT ANSWER Face-to-face or direct contact among system participants
Mesosystem - CORRECT ANSWER The network of personal settings in which we spend our
social lives
Macrosystem - CORRECT ANSWER Larger, subcultural and cultural contexts in which
microsystems, mesosystems, and ecosystems are located
- have the most pervasive level of influence on social activities
