NSG-4100 Exam 1 (PDF) | 2026 Exam
Questions | Test Bank
More than 90% of the nephrons are unable to function properly - ANSWER- End stage renal
disease
Because of the kidneys are unable to filter out proteins in ESRD, where does the protein go? -
ANSWER- In the blood
What increases when GFR decreases? - ANSWER- BUN and Creatinine
What pH imbalance can occur in ESRD? - ANSWER- Metabolic acidosis
due to the kidneys inability to excrete the loads of acids
they are unable to excrete ammonia and reabsorb sodium bicarbonate
Why does anemia occur is ESRD? - ANSWER- Due to kidneys inability to excrete EPO
Uremic waste build up can cause what? - ANSWER- Pericarditis
The build up of uremia is the ultimate reason of - ANSWER- issues that are caused from ESRD
What are the ultimate complications with ESRD? - ANSWER- Anemia
Bone disease
Hyperkalemia
Hypertension
, Pericarditis
S/S of Anemia - ANSWER- pale,fatigue,shortness of breath
Interventions for anemia - ANSWER- blood transfusion, drug therapy, dietary modifications,
volume replacement, oxygen therapy, lifestyle changes
What are the post operation complications for renal surgery? - ANSWER- Paralytic ileus
Hemorrhage and shock
infection
Risk factors for renal cancer - ANSWER- -Men
-Obesity
-Tobacco use
-Occupational exposure to petroleum products, heavy metals, asbestos
-Unapposed estrogen therapy
-Polycystic kidney disease
-long term hemodialysis
What race has a higher chance of renal cancer? - ANSWER- African Americans
Is it common for renal cancers to be found incidentally - ANSWER- yes
palpable flank mass
S/S of renal cancer - ANSWER- hematuria
pain
mass in the flank
How to diagnose renal cancer - ANSWER- IV urography
Questions | Test Bank
More than 90% of the nephrons are unable to function properly - ANSWER- End stage renal
disease
Because of the kidneys are unable to filter out proteins in ESRD, where does the protein go? -
ANSWER- In the blood
What increases when GFR decreases? - ANSWER- BUN and Creatinine
What pH imbalance can occur in ESRD? - ANSWER- Metabolic acidosis
due to the kidneys inability to excrete the loads of acids
they are unable to excrete ammonia and reabsorb sodium bicarbonate
Why does anemia occur is ESRD? - ANSWER- Due to kidneys inability to excrete EPO
Uremic waste build up can cause what? - ANSWER- Pericarditis
The build up of uremia is the ultimate reason of - ANSWER- issues that are caused from ESRD
What are the ultimate complications with ESRD? - ANSWER- Anemia
Bone disease
Hyperkalemia
Hypertension
, Pericarditis
S/S of Anemia - ANSWER- pale,fatigue,shortness of breath
Interventions for anemia - ANSWER- blood transfusion, drug therapy, dietary modifications,
volume replacement, oxygen therapy, lifestyle changes
What are the post operation complications for renal surgery? - ANSWER- Paralytic ileus
Hemorrhage and shock
infection
Risk factors for renal cancer - ANSWER- -Men
-Obesity
-Tobacco use
-Occupational exposure to petroleum products, heavy metals, asbestos
-Unapposed estrogen therapy
-Polycystic kidney disease
-long term hemodialysis
What race has a higher chance of renal cancer? - ANSWER- African Americans
Is it common for renal cancers to be found incidentally - ANSWER- yes
palpable flank mass
S/S of renal cancer - ANSWER- hematuria
pain
mass in the flank
How to diagnose renal cancer - ANSWER- IV urography
