Biology 1002 - Exam 2 Detailed Exam
Study Guide (Questions and Answers) |
New Version
1. The Kingdom Fungi consists of organisms that are... - ANSWER
Eukaryotic, mainly multicellular and heterotrophic decomposers (by
absorption).
2. The main structural elements of the members of the Kingdom Fungi are... -
ANSWER Mycelium, hyphae, septa, chitin and spores.
3. Mycelium - ANSWER The feeding network of a fungus, which is usually
underground or within the surface of a decaying organism. It is composed of
a woven mesh of hyphae.
4. The Kingdom Animalia consists of organisms that are... - ANSWER
Eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophic (ingestion), reproduce sexually,
have no cell wall, have rapid response to stimuli, goes through embryonic
development and aerobic
5. The organisms of the Kingdom Animalia were thought have have evolved
from... - ANSWER Animal-like protists and developed more complex and
organized bodies
6. Some of the increases in complexity and organization of organisms in the
Kingdom Animalia were... - ANSWER Cellular specialization, body plan,
segmentation and digestive system
,7. Cephalization - ANSWER A body plan where there is a concentration of
nervous tissue (including a "brain" and sensory organs) in a defined region
8. Segmentation - ANSWER A body design in which similar repeating units
are present
9. Cellular specialization - ANSWER Leads to the development of tissues,
which then can lead to the combination of tissues into an organ and then
organ systems
10.Tissue - ANSWER Specialized cells with a common structure and function
that are grouped together or non-cellular components made by cells (ex:
bone)
11.Organs - ANSWER Centers of bodily function, which are made up of
different tissues
12.Organ systems - ANSWER Are groups of two or more organs that function
together to perform a common task
13.What is the defining feature that first separated the Kingdom Animalia? -
ANSWER The presence/absence of tissues in an organism
14.Sponges (Phylum Porifera) - ANSWER Non-moving (Sessile); filter
feeders; reproduces sexually or asexually by budding and fragmentation;
lack tissue structures
15.What are the three types of specialized cells found in the sponge phylum? -
ANSWER Epithelial cells, collar cells and amoeboid cells
,16.Epithelial cells (of sponges) - ANSWER The outer layer of the sponge,
which acts like a skin. Makes up and regulates pores.
17.Collar cells - ANSWER The inner layer of the of sponge, which pumps
water through the sponge using flagella and filters out the food.
18.Amoeboid cells - ANSWER Mobile cells between the two layers that ingest
the collected food. Responsible from the reproduction of the sponge and
secretes hard mineral needle-like structures called spicules and skeletal
fibers made of protein called spongin.
19.Spicules - ANSWER The skeletal structural of the sponge.
20.The lack of tissues in sponges results in... - ANSWER An asymmetrical
body plan.
21.For an organism to have symmetry indicates... - ANSWER That a geometric
plane could be drawn through an organism such that the halves of the
organism are "mirror" images of each other.
22.What are the two types of symmetry seen in organisms? - ANSWER Radial
and bilateral symmetry.
23.Hydra, Corals, Anemones and Jellyfish (Phylum Cnidaria) - ANSWER
Mostly marine; tissue present (including a nerve net); reproduce sexually or
asexually ; have embryonic development which includes germ layers
, 24.Germ layers - ANSWER The layers of cells in the early embryo that lead to
all tissues and organs
25.Diploblastic - ANSWER Two germ layers
26.Triploblastic - ANSWER Three germ layers
27.The possible types of germ layers... - ANSWER Endoderm, mesoderm and
ectoderm
28.Endoderm - ANSWER Germ layer that develop into the interior lining of
the organs
29.Hyphae - ANSWER The threadlike filaments of a fungus. These filaments
are the building structure of the mycelium. They consist of a tubular cell
wall containing chitin surrounding a plasma membrane and cytoplasm.
30.Chitin - ANSWER A structural polysaccharide of modified sugars.
31.Septa - ANSWER Structures of a dikaryotic fungi that partially separate the
cytoplasm inside the hyphae. This separation is incomplete so that the
cytoplasm distribute nutrients but keep the nuclei apart.
32.Spores - ANSWER Haploid cells, which can grow directly into a hyphae.
33.Chytrids (Division Chytridiomycota) - ANSWER Have a aquatic life-cycle;
no septa present; characterized by swimming flagellated spores; is usually
linked to parasitic infection of amphibians
Study Guide (Questions and Answers) |
New Version
1. The Kingdom Fungi consists of organisms that are... - ANSWER
Eukaryotic, mainly multicellular and heterotrophic decomposers (by
absorption).
2. The main structural elements of the members of the Kingdom Fungi are... -
ANSWER Mycelium, hyphae, septa, chitin and spores.
3. Mycelium - ANSWER The feeding network of a fungus, which is usually
underground or within the surface of a decaying organism. It is composed of
a woven mesh of hyphae.
4. The Kingdom Animalia consists of organisms that are... - ANSWER
Eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophic (ingestion), reproduce sexually,
have no cell wall, have rapid response to stimuli, goes through embryonic
development and aerobic
5. The organisms of the Kingdom Animalia were thought have have evolved
from... - ANSWER Animal-like protists and developed more complex and
organized bodies
6. Some of the increases in complexity and organization of organisms in the
Kingdom Animalia were... - ANSWER Cellular specialization, body plan,
segmentation and digestive system
,7. Cephalization - ANSWER A body plan where there is a concentration of
nervous tissue (including a "brain" and sensory organs) in a defined region
8. Segmentation - ANSWER A body design in which similar repeating units
are present
9. Cellular specialization - ANSWER Leads to the development of tissues,
which then can lead to the combination of tissues into an organ and then
organ systems
10.Tissue - ANSWER Specialized cells with a common structure and function
that are grouped together or non-cellular components made by cells (ex:
bone)
11.Organs - ANSWER Centers of bodily function, which are made up of
different tissues
12.Organ systems - ANSWER Are groups of two or more organs that function
together to perform a common task
13.What is the defining feature that first separated the Kingdom Animalia? -
ANSWER The presence/absence of tissues in an organism
14.Sponges (Phylum Porifera) - ANSWER Non-moving (Sessile); filter
feeders; reproduces sexually or asexually by budding and fragmentation;
lack tissue structures
15.What are the three types of specialized cells found in the sponge phylum? -
ANSWER Epithelial cells, collar cells and amoeboid cells
,16.Epithelial cells (of sponges) - ANSWER The outer layer of the sponge,
which acts like a skin. Makes up and regulates pores.
17.Collar cells - ANSWER The inner layer of the of sponge, which pumps
water through the sponge using flagella and filters out the food.
18.Amoeboid cells - ANSWER Mobile cells between the two layers that ingest
the collected food. Responsible from the reproduction of the sponge and
secretes hard mineral needle-like structures called spicules and skeletal
fibers made of protein called spongin.
19.Spicules - ANSWER The skeletal structural of the sponge.
20.The lack of tissues in sponges results in... - ANSWER An asymmetrical
body plan.
21.For an organism to have symmetry indicates... - ANSWER That a geometric
plane could be drawn through an organism such that the halves of the
organism are "mirror" images of each other.
22.What are the two types of symmetry seen in organisms? - ANSWER Radial
and bilateral symmetry.
23.Hydra, Corals, Anemones and Jellyfish (Phylum Cnidaria) - ANSWER
Mostly marine; tissue present (including a nerve net); reproduce sexually or
asexually ; have embryonic development which includes germ layers
, 24.Germ layers - ANSWER The layers of cells in the early embryo that lead to
all tissues and organs
25.Diploblastic - ANSWER Two germ layers
26.Triploblastic - ANSWER Three germ layers
27.The possible types of germ layers... - ANSWER Endoderm, mesoderm and
ectoderm
28.Endoderm - ANSWER Germ layer that develop into the interior lining of
the organs
29.Hyphae - ANSWER The threadlike filaments of a fungus. These filaments
are the building structure of the mycelium. They consist of a tubular cell
wall containing chitin surrounding a plasma membrane and cytoplasm.
30.Chitin - ANSWER A structural polysaccharide of modified sugars.
31.Septa - ANSWER Structures of a dikaryotic fungi that partially separate the
cytoplasm inside the hyphae. This separation is incomplete so that the
cytoplasm distribute nutrients but keep the nuclei apart.
32.Spores - ANSWER Haploid cells, which can grow directly into a hyphae.
33.Chytrids (Division Chytridiomycota) - ANSWER Have a aquatic life-cycle;
no septa present; characterized by swimming flagellated spores; is usually
linked to parasitic infection of amphibians
