NU171 | NU171 Maternal Child Nursing Midterm
v2 | Questions with Correct Answers and Expert
Explanation for Each Question | Galen
1. A nurse is calculating a client’s GTPAL. The client is currently pregnant, has one
living child born at 39 weeks, and had one miscarriage at 12 weeks. What is the
correct GTPAL?
A. G2, T1, P1, A0, L1
B. G3, T1, P0, A1, L1
C. G3, T2, P0, A1, L2
D. G2, T1, P0, A1, L1
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: The client is currently pregnant, which counts as Gravida 3
(G3). The child born at 39 weeks is a Term birth (T1) and is currently Living (L1).
The miscarriage at 12 weeks is considered an Abortion (A1) and since no other
preterm births occurred, Preterm is 0 (P0).
2. Using Naegele’s rule, what is the estimated date of delivery (EDD) for a client whose
last menstrual period (LMP) began on March 10th?
A. December 10th
B. January 17th
,C. December 17th
D. November 17th
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Naegele’s rule involves subtracting three months from the
first day of the LMP and adding seven days. Starting from March 10th, subtracting
three months leads to December 10th. Adding seven days results in an EDD of
December 17th.
3. Which of the following findings is considered a positive sign of pregnancy?
A. Positive pregnancy test
B. Chadwick’s sign
C. Amenorrhea
D. Fetal heart tones heard by Doppler
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Positive signs of pregnancy are objective data that can only be
attributed to a fetus, such as fetal heart tones or ultrasound visualization. A
pregnancy test is a probable sign because other conditions can increase HCG levels.
Amenorrhea is a presumptive sign because it is subjective and can be caused by
stress or illness.
,4. A nurse is assessing a client in the first stage of labor. The nurse notes variable
decelerations on the fetal heart rate monitor. What is the priority intervention?
A. Increase the rate of IV fluids
B. Administer oxygen via non-rebreather mask
C. Change the client’s position
D. Prepare for an emergency Cesarean section
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Variable decelerations are typically caused by umbilical cord
compression. The first action the nurse should take is to change the mother’s
position to relieve pressure on the cord. If the pattern persists, further interventions
like oxygen or amnioinfusion may be necessary.
5. A nurse is caring for a client receiving Magnesium Sulfate for preeclampsia. Which
assessment finding should the nurse report immediately?
A. Urinary output of 40 mL per hour
B. Deep tendon reflexes of 2+
C. Blood pressure of 145/95 mmHg
D. Respiratory rate of 10 breaths per minute
Correct Answer: D
, Expert Explanation: A respiratory rate of 10 indicates magnesium toxicity, as the
normal range is usually 12-20. The nurse must monitor for signs of toxicity
including decreased respirations, absent reflexes, and low urine output. Calcium
gluconate should be readily available as the antidote for magnesium toxicity.
6. What is the primary purpose of administering Vitamin K to a newborn within 1 to 2
hours of birth?
A. To prevent ophthalmia neonatorum
B. To stimulate the production of red blood cells
C. To assist with the digestion of breast milk
D. To prevent hemorrhagic disease of the newborn
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Newborns are born with low levels of Vitamin K because it
does not cross the placenta easily and the sterile gut cannot produce it yet. Vitamin
K is essential for the synthesis of clotting factors in the liver. Administering this
injection prevents potentially life-threatening bleeding episodes.
7. A client is at 32 weeks gestation and presents with painless, bright red vaginal
bleeding. Which condition should the nurse suspect?
A. Placenta previa
B. Preterm labor
v2 | Questions with Correct Answers and Expert
Explanation for Each Question | Galen
1. A nurse is calculating a client’s GTPAL. The client is currently pregnant, has one
living child born at 39 weeks, and had one miscarriage at 12 weeks. What is the
correct GTPAL?
A. G2, T1, P1, A0, L1
B. G3, T1, P0, A1, L1
C. G3, T2, P0, A1, L2
D. G2, T1, P0, A1, L1
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: The client is currently pregnant, which counts as Gravida 3
(G3). The child born at 39 weeks is a Term birth (T1) and is currently Living (L1).
The miscarriage at 12 weeks is considered an Abortion (A1) and since no other
preterm births occurred, Preterm is 0 (P0).
2. Using Naegele’s rule, what is the estimated date of delivery (EDD) for a client whose
last menstrual period (LMP) began on March 10th?
A. December 10th
B. January 17th
,C. December 17th
D. November 17th
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Naegele’s rule involves subtracting three months from the
first day of the LMP and adding seven days. Starting from March 10th, subtracting
three months leads to December 10th. Adding seven days results in an EDD of
December 17th.
3. Which of the following findings is considered a positive sign of pregnancy?
A. Positive pregnancy test
B. Chadwick’s sign
C. Amenorrhea
D. Fetal heart tones heard by Doppler
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Positive signs of pregnancy are objective data that can only be
attributed to a fetus, such as fetal heart tones or ultrasound visualization. A
pregnancy test is a probable sign because other conditions can increase HCG levels.
Amenorrhea is a presumptive sign because it is subjective and can be caused by
stress or illness.
,4. A nurse is assessing a client in the first stage of labor. The nurse notes variable
decelerations on the fetal heart rate monitor. What is the priority intervention?
A. Increase the rate of IV fluids
B. Administer oxygen via non-rebreather mask
C. Change the client’s position
D. Prepare for an emergency Cesarean section
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Variable decelerations are typically caused by umbilical cord
compression. The first action the nurse should take is to change the mother’s
position to relieve pressure on the cord. If the pattern persists, further interventions
like oxygen or amnioinfusion may be necessary.
5. A nurse is caring for a client receiving Magnesium Sulfate for preeclampsia. Which
assessment finding should the nurse report immediately?
A. Urinary output of 40 mL per hour
B. Deep tendon reflexes of 2+
C. Blood pressure of 145/95 mmHg
D. Respiratory rate of 10 breaths per minute
Correct Answer: D
, Expert Explanation: A respiratory rate of 10 indicates magnesium toxicity, as the
normal range is usually 12-20. The nurse must monitor for signs of toxicity
including decreased respirations, absent reflexes, and low urine output. Calcium
gluconate should be readily available as the antidote for magnesium toxicity.
6. What is the primary purpose of administering Vitamin K to a newborn within 1 to 2
hours of birth?
A. To prevent ophthalmia neonatorum
B. To stimulate the production of red blood cells
C. To assist with the digestion of breast milk
D. To prevent hemorrhagic disease of the newborn
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Newborns are born with low levels of Vitamin K because it
does not cross the placenta easily and the sterile gut cannot produce it yet. Vitamin
K is essential for the synthesis of clotting factors in the liver. Administering this
injection prevents potentially life-threatening bleeding episodes.
7. A client is at 32 weeks gestation and presents with painless, bright red vaginal
bleeding. Which condition should the nurse suspect?
A. Placenta previa
B. Preterm labor
