BIOS 242 Midterm Exam 1 (Latest Update
) Anatomy and Physiology IV
with Lab | Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
1. Which microscope is best for observing living cells?
A. Phase-contrast
B. Transmission electron
C. Scanning electron
D. Fluorescence
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Phase-contrast enhances contrast in live, unstained cells.
2. Which microscope provides high-resolution images of cell
interiors?
A. Transmission electron
B. Light
C. Scanning electron
D. Phase-contrast
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: TEM reveals detailed organelle structures.
,3. Which microscope is used to view 3D surface structures?
A. Scanning electron
B. Transmission electron
C. Light
D. Phase-contrast
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: SEM scans the specimen surface to produce 3D images.
4. Which knob is used for initial focusing under low power?
A. Coarse focus
B. Fine focus
C. Diaphragm
D. Condenser
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Coarse focus moves the stage quickly to bring the
specimen into view.
5. Which knob is used to sharpen focus under high power?
A. Fine focus
B. Coarse focus
C. Diaphragm
D. Stage adjustment
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fine focus allows precise adjustment without damaging
the slide.
,6. Which organelle produces ATP?
A. Mitochondria
B. Ribosome
C. Lysosome
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mitochondria convert nutrients into ATP for energy.
7. Which organelle modifies and packages proteins?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Ribosome
C. Lysosome
D. Smooth ER
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Golgi prepares proteins for secretion or transport.
8. Which organelle contains digestive enzymes?
A. Lysosome
B. Ribosome
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Mitochondria
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lysosomes break down macromolecules and old
organelles.
, 9. Which organelle synthesizes proteins?
A. Ribosome
B. Smooth ER
C. Golgi
D. Lysosome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ribosomes translate mRNA into polypeptides.
10. Which organelle synthesizes lipids and detoxifies chemicals?
A. Smooth ER
B. Rough ER
C. Golgi
D. Lysosome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Smooth ER produces lipids and metabolizes toxins.
11. Which epithelium is ideal for gas exchange in alveoli?
A. Simple squamous
B. Stratified squamous
C. Simple cuboidal
D. Pseudostratified columnar
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Thin cells allow efficient diffusion.
12. Which epithelium lines the trachea and has cilia?
) Anatomy and Physiology IV
with Lab | Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
1. Which microscope is best for observing living cells?
A. Phase-contrast
B. Transmission electron
C. Scanning electron
D. Fluorescence
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Phase-contrast enhances contrast in live, unstained cells.
2. Which microscope provides high-resolution images of cell
interiors?
A. Transmission electron
B. Light
C. Scanning electron
D. Phase-contrast
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: TEM reveals detailed organelle structures.
,3. Which microscope is used to view 3D surface structures?
A. Scanning electron
B. Transmission electron
C. Light
D. Phase-contrast
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: SEM scans the specimen surface to produce 3D images.
4. Which knob is used for initial focusing under low power?
A. Coarse focus
B. Fine focus
C. Diaphragm
D. Condenser
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Coarse focus moves the stage quickly to bring the
specimen into view.
5. Which knob is used to sharpen focus under high power?
A. Fine focus
B. Coarse focus
C. Diaphragm
D. Stage adjustment
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fine focus allows precise adjustment without damaging
the slide.
,6. Which organelle produces ATP?
A. Mitochondria
B. Ribosome
C. Lysosome
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mitochondria convert nutrients into ATP for energy.
7. Which organelle modifies and packages proteins?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Ribosome
C. Lysosome
D. Smooth ER
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Golgi prepares proteins for secretion or transport.
8. Which organelle contains digestive enzymes?
A. Lysosome
B. Ribosome
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Mitochondria
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lysosomes break down macromolecules and old
organelles.
, 9. Which organelle synthesizes proteins?
A. Ribosome
B. Smooth ER
C. Golgi
D. Lysosome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ribosomes translate mRNA into polypeptides.
10. Which organelle synthesizes lipids and detoxifies chemicals?
A. Smooth ER
B. Rough ER
C. Golgi
D. Lysosome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Smooth ER produces lipids and metabolizes toxins.
11. Which epithelium is ideal for gas exchange in alveoli?
A. Simple squamous
B. Stratified squamous
C. Simple cuboidal
D. Pseudostratified columnar
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Thin cells allow efficient diffusion.
12. Which epithelium lines the trachea and has cilia?
