BIOS 242 Midterm Exam 3 (Latest Update
) Anatomy and Physiology IV
with Lab | Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
1. Which type of cell junction prevents leakage of extracellular
fluid?
A. Desmosome
B. Gap junction
C. Tight junction
D. Hemidesmosome
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tight junctions seal cells together to prevent fluid
leakage.
2. Which type of connective tissue stores energy and cushions
organs?
A. Areolar
B. Adipose
C. Dense irregular
D. Reticular
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Adipose tissue stores triglycerides and cushions
structures.
3. Which type of cartilage forms intervertebral discs?
A. Elastic
B. Fibrocartilage
C. Hyaline
D. Bone
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fibrocartilage absorbs compression between vertebrae.
,4. Which connective tissue resists tension in multiple directions?
A. Dense irregular
B. Dense regular
C. Areolar
D. Adipose
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Collagen fibers arranged irregularly provide
multidirectional strength.
5. Which epithelium lines the trachea and has cilia?
A. Pseudostratified columnar
B. Stratified squamous
C. Simple cuboidal
D. Transitional
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ciliated cells move mucus out of the airway.
6. Which epithelium lines the alveoli for gas exchange?
A. Simple cuboidal
B. Simple squamous
C. Stratified squamous
D. Pseudostratified columnar
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Thin squamous cells allow efficient diffusion of gases.
7. Which organelle packages and modifies proteins?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Ribosome
C. Lysosome
D. Smooth ER
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Golgi prepares proteins for secretion or transport.
8. Which organelle produces ATP?
, A. Mitochondria
B. Lysosome
C. Ribosome
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mitochondria convert nutrients into cellular energy.
9. Which organelle synthesizes proteins?
A. Ribosome
B. Golgi
C. Lysosome
D. Smooth ER
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ribosomes translate mRNA into polypeptides.
10. Which organelle synthesizes lipids and detoxifies chemicals?
A. Rough ER
B. Smooth ER
C. Golgi
D. Lysosome
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Smooth ER produces lipids and metabolizes toxins.
11. Which phase of mitosis aligns chromosomes at the metaphase
plate?
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chromosomes align to ensure correct segregation.
12. Which phase separates sister chromatids?
A. Metaphase
B. Anaphase
) Anatomy and Physiology IV
with Lab | Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
1. Which type of cell junction prevents leakage of extracellular
fluid?
A. Desmosome
B. Gap junction
C. Tight junction
D. Hemidesmosome
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tight junctions seal cells together to prevent fluid
leakage.
2. Which type of connective tissue stores energy and cushions
organs?
A. Areolar
B. Adipose
C. Dense irregular
D. Reticular
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Adipose tissue stores triglycerides and cushions
structures.
3. Which type of cartilage forms intervertebral discs?
A. Elastic
B. Fibrocartilage
C. Hyaline
D. Bone
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fibrocartilage absorbs compression between vertebrae.
,4. Which connective tissue resists tension in multiple directions?
A. Dense irregular
B. Dense regular
C. Areolar
D. Adipose
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Collagen fibers arranged irregularly provide
multidirectional strength.
5. Which epithelium lines the trachea and has cilia?
A. Pseudostratified columnar
B. Stratified squamous
C. Simple cuboidal
D. Transitional
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ciliated cells move mucus out of the airway.
6. Which epithelium lines the alveoli for gas exchange?
A. Simple cuboidal
B. Simple squamous
C. Stratified squamous
D. Pseudostratified columnar
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Thin squamous cells allow efficient diffusion of gases.
7. Which organelle packages and modifies proteins?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Ribosome
C. Lysosome
D. Smooth ER
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Golgi prepares proteins for secretion or transport.
8. Which organelle produces ATP?
, A. Mitochondria
B. Lysosome
C. Ribosome
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mitochondria convert nutrients into cellular energy.
9. Which organelle synthesizes proteins?
A. Ribosome
B. Golgi
C. Lysosome
D. Smooth ER
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ribosomes translate mRNA into polypeptides.
10. Which organelle synthesizes lipids and detoxifies chemicals?
A. Rough ER
B. Smooth ER
C. Golgi
D. Lysosome
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Smooth ER produces lipids and metabolizes toxins.
11. Which phase of mitosis aligns chromosomes at the metaphase
plate?
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chromosomes align to ensure correct segregation.
12. Which phase separates sister chromatids?
A. Metaphase
B. Anaphase
