BIOS 242 Week 4 Quiz Exam 1 (Latest
Update ) Anatomy and
Physiology IV with Lab | Questions &
Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A -
Chamberlain
1. What is the main functional unit of the kidney?
A. Glomerulus
B. Nephron
C. Bowman's capsule
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:Each nephron filters blood and forms urine.
2. Which part of the nephron filters blood?
A. Glomerulus
B. Loop of Henle
C. Distal convoluted tubule
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:Capillary network where filtration of plasma occurs.
,3. Which structure collects filtrate from the glomerulus?
A. Bowman's capsule
B. Proximal tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Distal tubule
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:Surrounds the glomerulus and channels filtrate to
tubules.
4. Which nephron segment reabsorbs most nutrients like glucose
and amino acids?
A. Proximal convoluted tubule
B. Loop of Henle
C. Distal convoluted tubule
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:Has microvilli to maximize reabsorption.
5. Which nephron segment establishes the medullary osmotic
gradient?
A. Loop of Henle
B. Proximal tubule
C. Distal tubule
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: A
,Rationale:Descending and ascending limbs manage water and
solute movement.
6. Which part of the nephron fine-tunes electrolyte balance?
A. Distal convoluted tubule
B. Proximal tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Bowman's capsule
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:Reabsorbs Na⁺ and secretes K⁺ under hormonal control.
7. Which structure delivers urine from multiple nephrons to the
renal pelvis?
A. Collecting duct
B. Proximal tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Distal tubule
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:Receives filtrate from several distal tubules.
8. Which hormone increases water reabsorption in the collecting
duct?
A. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
B. Aldosterone
C. Renin
, D. Atrial natriuretic peptide
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:Makes collecting duct permeable to water, concentrating
urine.
9. Which hormone promotes Na⁺ reabsorption and K⁺ secretion?
A. Aldosterone
B. ADH
C. Renin
D. ANP
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:Secreted by adrenal cortex; regulates electrolyte balance.
10. Which enzyme catalyzes conversion of angiotensinogen to
angiotensin I?
A. Renin
B. ACE
C. Aldosterone
D. ADH
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:Released by juxtaglomerular cells in response to low
blood pressure.
11. Which enzyme converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II?
Update ) Anatomy and
Physiology IV with Lab | Questions &
Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A -
Chamberlain
1. What is the main functional unit of the kidney?
A. Glomerulus
B. Nephron
C. Bowman's capsule
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:Each nephron filters blood and forms urine.
2. Which part of the nephron filters blood?
A. Glomerulus
B. Loop of Henle
C. Distal convoluted tubule
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:Capillary network where filtration of plasma occurs.
,3. Which structure collects filtrate from the glomerulus?
A. Bowman's capsule
B. Proximal tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Distal tubule
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:Surrounds the glomerulus and channels filtrate to
tubules.
4. Which nephron segment reabsorbs most nutrients like glucose
and amino acids?
A. Proximal convoluted tubule
B. Loop of Henle
C. Distal convoluted tubule
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:Has microvilli to maximize reabsorption.
5. Which nephron segment establishes the medullary osmotic
gradient?
A. Loop of Henle
B. Proximal tubule
C. Distal tubule
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: A
,Rationale:Descending and ascending limbs manage water and
solute movement.
6. Which part of the nephron fine-tunes electrolyte balance?
A. Distal convoluted tubule
B. Proximal tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Bowman's capsule
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:Reabsorbs Na⁺ and secretes K⁺ under hormonal control.
7. Which structure delivers urine from multiple nephrons to the
renal pelvis?
A. Collecting duct
B. Proximal tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Distal tubule
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:Receives filtrate from several distal tubules.
8. Which hormone increases water reabsorption in the collecting
duct?
A. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
B. Aldosterone
C. Renin
, D. Atrial natriuretic peptide
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:Makes collecting duct permeable to water, concentrating
urine.
9. Which hormone promotes Na⁺ reabsorption and K⁺ secretion?
A. Aldosterone
B. ADH
C. Renin
D. ANP
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:Secreted by adrenal cortex; regulates electrolyte balance.
10. Which enzyme catalyzes conversion of angiotensinogen to
angiotensin I?
A. Renin
B. ACE
C. Aldosterone
D. ADH
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:Released by juxtaglomerular cells in response to low
blood pressure.
11. Which enzyme converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II?
