PORTAGE LEARNING
NURS 231 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
FINAL EXAM
Actual Questions and Answers
100% Guarantee Pass
This Exam contains:
Questions and Answers
100% Guarantee Pass
Multiple-Choice (A–D), For Each Question.
Each Question Includes The Correct Answer
Expert-Verified explanation
,### Question 1
True/False: Metaplastic cells are not better prepared to survive under stressful circumstances.
Correct Answer: False
Explanation: Metaplastic cells undergo a transformation that allows them to adapt to
stressors in their environment, often enhancing their survival in adverse conditions.
---
### Question 2
True/False: Hypertrophy can occur under normal and pathological conditions.
Correct Answer: True
Explanation: Hypertrophy is the increase in cell size, which can occur as a normal
physiological response (e.g., muscle growth from exercise) or as a pathological response (e.g.,
cardiac hypertrophy from high blood pressure).
---
### Question 3
Multiple Choice: Which are true of the mitochondria? Select all that apply.
A. It is involved in cellular respiration
B. They are found far from the site of energy consumption
C. They play a role in apoptosis
D. They control free radicals
, Correct Answer: A, C, D
Explanation: Mitochondria are crucial for cellular respiration (A), are often found near areas
of energy demand, not far away (B), play significant roles in programmed cell death or
apoptosis (C), and are involved in the regulation of reactive oxygen species (free radicals) (D).
---
### Question 4
Multiple Choice: Which are true of the cell membrane? Select all that apply.
A. Controls the transport of materials from the outside fluids to within
B. The main structural component is made of proteins
C. Helps with the conduction of electrical currents in nerve and muscle cells
D. Aids in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation
Correct Answer: A, C, D
Explanation: The cell membrane controls material transport (A), contains phospholipids as its
main structural component with associated proteins (B, only partly correct), assists in
electrical conduction (C), and helps regulate growth (D).
### Question 5
Compare and contrast the two types of gangrenous necrosis.
Correct Answer:
Dry gangrene typically results from a gradual decrease in blood supply, leading to tissue
dehydration and blackening with minimal pain; common in diabetes. Wet gangrene arises
NURS 231 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
FINAL EXAM
Actual Questions and Answers
100% Guarantee Pass
This Exam contains:
Questions and Answers
100% Guarantee Pass
Multiple-Choice (A–D), For Each Question.
Each Question Includes The Correct Answer
Expert-Verified explanation
,### Question 1
True/False: Metaplastic cells are not better prepared to survive under stressful circumstances.
Correct Answer: False
Explanation: Metaplastic cells undergo a transformation that allows them to adapt to
stressors in their environment, often enhancing their survival in adverse conditions.
---
### Question 2
True/False: Hypertrophy can occur under normal and pathological conditions.
Correct Answer: True
Explanation: Hypertrophy is the increase in cell size, which can occur as a normal
physiological response (e.g., muscle growth from exercise) or as a pathological response (e.g.,
cardiac hypertrophy from high blood pressure).
---
### Question 3
Multiple Choice: Which are true of the mitochondria? Select all that apply.
A. It is involved in cellular respiration
B. They are found far from the site of energy consumption
C. They play a role in apoptosis
D. They control free radicals
, Correct Answer: A, C, D
Explanation: Mitochondria are crucial for cellular respiration (A), are often found near areas
of energy demand, not far away (B), play significant roles in programmed cell death or
apoptosis (C), and are involved in the regulation of reactive oxygen species (free radicals) (D).
---
### Question 4
Multiple Choice: Which are true of the cell membrane? Select all that apply.
A. Controls the transport of materials from the outside fluids to within
B. The main structural component is made of proteins
C. Helps with the conduction of electrical currents in nerve and muscle cells
D. Aids in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation
Correct Answer: A, C, D
Explanation: The cell membrane controls material transport (A), contains phospholipids as its
main structural component with associated proteins (B, only partly correct), assists in
electrical conduction (C), and helps regulate growth (D).
### Question 5
Compare and contrast the two types of gangrenous necrosis.
Correct Answer:
Dry gangrene typically results from a gradual decrease in blood supply, leading to tissue
dehydration and blackening with minimal pain; common in diabetes. Wet gangrene arises
