What are the benefits of diaphragmatic breathing?
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It distracts the mind from focusing on stress because it requires attention
on the mechanics of breathing and the abdominal region.
This technique can help reduce heart rate and muscle tension, decrease
autonomic nervous system functioning, and increase parasympathetic
nervous system activity, resulting in deep relaxation due to the reduced
neural stimulation of the muscles and organs.
What is negative punishment?
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, Negative punishment involves the removal of a highly valued positive
stimulus after an unwanted behavior or outcome occurs to deter future
occurrences of the behavior.
A team that is joking around during a resistance training session may
receive negative punishment when the strength and conditioning coach
turns off the music for the remainder of the training session.
What is the impact of PNF on the nervous system?
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PNF relies on autogenic inhibition whereby inhibitory signals from the Golgi
tendon organs override the excitatory impulses from the muscle spindles,
resulting in gradual relaxation of the muscle. PNF is typically completed
with a partner.
What factors influence the torque extended by a joint?
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Various characteristics of the joint such as range of motion (ROM) of the
joint and the angle within this range that the joint is in; the relationship of
muscle length vs force; length of the lever arm of the bone; leverage
resulting from the use of joints l as first-, second- and third- class levers;
and speed of contraction of muscles at the joint
What groups and specific muscles are responsible for knee flexion and extension,
respectively ?
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, Knee flexion results from the hamstring group of muscles (biceps femoris,
semitendinous, semimembranosus) and the sartorial muscle.
Knee extension is carried out by the quadriceps femoris group of muscles
(rectus femoris, vastus laterals, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius).
What does the inverted-U theory posit?
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It posits that too little or too much arousal negatively impacts athletic
performance, and there is an optimal level of arousal that facilitates optimal
performance.
The inverted-U graphically shows this, as the shape demonstrates that low
levels or high levels beyond the optimal level of arousal result in worse
performance, and somewhere between low and high arousal is the range
of arousal associated with optimal performance (the top of the inverted-U).
What is the origin insertion and primary action of the rhomboid major and rhomboid
minor, respectively
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• Origin: spinous processes of T2-T5 (rhomboid major), and spinous
processes of C7-T1 (rhomboid minor)
• Insertion: Medial (i.e., vertebral) border of scapula for both muscles
• primary action: they both retract and elevate the scapula, and rhomboid
major also rotates the scapula
, What does agility entail?
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It is a multicomponent skill in response to a sport-specific stimulus. It
includes the ability to change direction, velocity, or mode in response to a
stimulus. Agility also requires perceptual-cognitive skills such as pattern
recognition of players on a playing field, visual scanning, anticipation,
accuracy, and reaction time.
What are the functions of amine hormones, examples, and their defining
characteristics?
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Amine hormones consist of
amino acids tyrosine (e.g., dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine)
tryptophan (e.g., serotonin)
Amine hormones bind to membrane receptors and work via secondary
messengers.
What compromises a motor neuron, and what is its function ?
Give this one a try later!
Give this one a try later!
It distracts the mind from focusing on stress because it requires attention
on the mechanics of breathing and the abdominal region.
This technique can help reduce heart rate and muscle tension, decrease
autonomic nervous system functioning, and increase parasympathetic
nervous system activity, resulting in deep relaxation due to the reduced
neural stimulation of the muscles and organs.
What is negative punishment?
Give this one a try later!
, Negative punishment involves the removal of a highly valued positive
stimulus after an unwanted behavior or outcome occurs to deter future
occurrences of the behavior.
A team that is joking around during a resistance training session may
receive negative punishment when the strength and conditioning coach
turns off the music for the remainder of the training session.
What is the impact of PNF on the nervous system?
Give this one a try later!
PNF relies on autogenic inhibition whereby inhibitory signals from the Golgi
tendon organs override the excitatory impulses from the muscle spindles,
resulting in gradual relaxation of the muscle. PNF is typically completed
with a partner.
What factors influence the torque extended by a joint?
Give this one a try later!
Various characteristics of the joint such as range of motion (ROM) of the
joint and the angle within this range that the joint is in; the relationship of
muscle length vs force; length of the lever arm of the bone; leverage
resulting from the use of joints l as first-, second- and third- class levers;
and speed of contraction of muscles at the joint
What groups and specific muscles are responsible for knee flexion and extension,
respectively ?
Give this one a try later!
, Knee flexion results from the hamstring group of muscles (biceps femoris,
semitendinous, semimembranosus) and the sartorial muscle.
Knee extension is carried out by the quadriceps femoris group of muscles
(rectus femoris, vastus laterals, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius).
What does the inverted-U theory posit?
Give this one a try later!
It posits that too little or too much arousal negatively impacts athletic
performance, and there is an optimal level of arousal that facilitates optimal
performance.
The inverted-U graphically shows this, as the shape demonstrates that low
levels or high levels beyond the optimal level of arousal result in worse
performance, and somewhere between low and high arousal is the range
of arousal associated with optimal performance (the top of the inverted-U).
What is the origin insertion and primary action of the rhomboid major and rhomboid
minor, respectively
Give this one a try later!
• Origin: spinous processes of T2-T5 (rhomboid major), and spinous
processes of C7-T1 (rhomboid minor)
• Insertion: Medial (i.e., vertebral) border of scapula for both muscles
• primary action: they both retract and elevate the scapula, and rhomboid
major also rotates the scapula
, What does agility entail?
Give this one a try later!
It is a multicomponent skill in response to a sport-specific stimulus. It
includes the ability to change direction, velocity, or mode in response to a
stimulus. Agility also requires perceptual-cognitive skills such as pattern
recognition of players on a playing field, visual scanning, anticipation,
accuracy, and reaction time.
What are the functions of amine hormones, examples, and their defining
characteristics?
Give this one a try later!
Amine hormones consist of
amino acids tyrosine (e.g., dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine)
tryptophan (e.g., serotonin)
Amine hormones bind to membrane receptors and work via secondary
messengers.
What compromises a motor neuron, and what is its function ?
Give this one a try later!
