MN 551 Midterm & Final Exam
Study Guide with Verified
Answers
1. Jaundice is caused by excess accumulation of bilirubin in what part of the
cell? - ANSWER hepatocyte cell membrane
2. What process allows glucose to enter body cells? - ANSWER Facilitated
diffusion
3. Cell differentiation - ANSWER process by which dividing cells change
their functional or phenotypical type.
4. A patient who has a diagnosis of lung cancer is scheduled to begin radiation
treatment. The NP providing pretreatment education is explaining some of
the potential unwanted effects of the treatment. Which of the following
statements by the nurse is most accurate? - ANSWER "Some patients
experience longer-term irritation of skin adjacent to the treatment site."
5. A male patient of a nurse practitioner has an autosomal dominant disorder.
The patient and his partner are considering starting a family. Which of the
patient's following statements indicates the patient has an adequate
understanding of the genetic basis of this health problem? - ANSWER "I
know that a single mutant allele is to blame for the health problem."
6. A group of researchers has identified that the prevalence of two particular
genetic disorders share a statistical correlation. Which of the following
statements best conveys the genetic rationale for this situation? - ANSWER
, The genes causing each disorder are likely in the same section of the same
chromosome.
7. The NP is working with a family whose daughter has been recently
diagnosed with the chromosomal disorder Turner syndrome. The NP would
recognize that which of the following statements about the characteristics of
human chromosomes is accurate? - ANSWER Autosomes contain the
determination of an individual's sex.
8. The NP is teaching a group of older adults about the value of including
foods containing antioxidants in their diet. Which of the following
statements best captures the rationale underlying the NPs advice? -
ANSWER Antioxidants inhibit the actions of reactive oxygen species
(ROS).
9. Which target of both chemotherapy and radiation treatment accounts for
adverse as well as therapeutic effects? - ANSWER Rapidly proliferating
cells
10.Which of the following patients of a primary care nurse practitioner would
not require extra screening for cancer? - ANSWER A 38-year-old female
with Down syndrome and congenital scoliosis
11.A 7-year-old boy is admitted to the hospital with a suspected diagnosis of
lead toxicity. Which of the following assessment findings is most congruent
with the patient's diagnosis? hi - ANSWER Hemoglobin 9.9 g/dL
12.The NP is providing care for a 21-year-old female patient with gas gangrene
of a compound fracture in her arm. Which of the following assessment
findings would the nurse most reasonably expect to find when caring for a
patient with a diagnosis of gas gangrene? - ANSWER Spreading edema
,13.A community health nurse practitioner is teaching a group of female high
school students about the importance of regular Papanicolaou (Pap) smears.
The nurse recognizes that which of the following items underlies the
rationale for this teaching? - ANSWER Cancer of the uterine cervix
develops incrementally at a cellular level.
14.Which of the following statements most accurately conveys an aspect of cell
injury due to impaired calcium homeostasis? - ANSWER Injured cells tend
to accumulate calcium.
15.A woman is surprised to read on the Internet that certain infections can cause
cancer and has sought clarification from her nurse practitioner during an
office visit. How can the NP best respond to the woman's query? -
ANSWER "There are many viruses, but only a very few of them have been
shown to cause cancer in humans."
16.Crohn's disease - ANSWER a chronic autoimmune disorder that can occur
anywhere in the digestive tract; however, it is most often found in the ileum
and in the colon
Causes fissures, strictures and perianal abscess.
Submucousal granulamatosus tissue involved
17.Treatment for Crohn's Disease - ANSWER Treatment of inflammatory
response
Sulfasalazine then metronidazole if no response to 5-ASA
Methotrexate and corticosteroids
, 18.Cervical Cancer - ANSWER Malignant cell growth in the cervix; can be
caused by HPV virus
19.Cervical Cancer treatment - ANSWER if PAP smear is negative (normal)
then routine follow up.
if CIN1: then repeat PAP
if CIN2 or CIN3: may need cryosurgery, laser surgery, LEEP performed.
may need hysterectomy, radiation, and chemotherapy.
20.Frostbite - ANSWER the freezing and crystalizing of fluids in the
interstitial and cellular spaces as a consequence of prolonged exposure to
freezing temperatures
21.The family of a 68-year-old man who is in the end stages of small cell lung
cancer is distraught at his visible body wasting that has worsened in recent
weeks. Which of the following phenomena best accounts for the patient's
anorexia and cachexia? - ANSWER Products of the tumor itself as well as a
hypermetabolic state cause cachexia
22.A child possesses a trait that is the result of the interaction of two different
genes, neither of which could have produced the trait independently. Which
of the following explanations best captures the genetic explanation for this? -
ANSWER The outcome is the result of the interaction between collaborative
genes.
23.A 45-year-old patient who experienced exposure to radiation during an
industrial accident several years prior is being assessed. Which of the
following phenomena may underlie the genetic changes that have been noted
Study Guide with Verified
Answers
1. Jaundice is caused by excess accumulation of bilirubin in what part of the
cell? - ANSWER hepatocyte cell membrane
2. What process allows glucose to enter body cells? - ANSWER Facilitated
diffusion
3. Cell differentiation - ANSWER process by which dividing cells change
their functional or phenotypical type.
4. A patient who has a diagnosis of lung cancer is scheduled to begin radiation
treatment. The NP providing pretreatment education is explaining some of
the potential unwanted effects of the treatment. Which of the following
statements by the nurse is most accurate? - ANSWER "Some patients
experience longer-term irritation of skin adjacent to the treatment site."
5. A male patient of a nurse practitioner has an autosomal dominant disorder.
The patient and his partner are considering starting a family. Which of the
patient's following statements indicates the patient has an adequate
understanding of the genetic basis of this health problem? - ANSWER "I
know that a single mutant allele is to blame for the health problem."
6. A group of researchers has identified that the prevalence of two particular
genetic disorders share a statistical correlation. Which of the following
statements best conveys the genetic rationale for this situation? - ANSWER
, The genes causing each disorder are likely in the same section of the same
chromosome.
7. The NP is working with a family whose daughter has been recently
diagnosed with the chromosomal disorder Turner syndrome. The NP would
recognize that which of the following statements about the characteristics of
human chromosomes is accurate? - ANSWER Autosomes contain the
determination of an individual's sex.
8. The NP is teaching a group of older adults about the value of including
foods containing antioxidants in their diet. Which of the following
statements best captures the rationale underlying the NPs advice? -
ANSWER Antioxidants inhibit the actions of reactive oxygen species
(ROS).
9. Which target of both chemotherapy and radiation treatment accounts for
adverse as well as therapeutic effects? - ANSWER Rapidly proliferating
cells
10.Which of the following patients of a primary care nurse practitioner would
not require extra screening for cancer? - ANSWER A 38-year-old female
with Down syndrome and congenital scoliosis
11.A 7-year-old boy is admitted to the hospital with a suspected diagnosis of
lead toxicity. Which of the following assessment findings is most congruent
with the patient's diagnosis? hi - ANSWER Hemoglobin 9.9 g/dL
12.The NP is providing care for a 21-year-old female patient with gas gangrene
of a compound fracture in her arm. Which of the following assessment
findings would the nurse most reasonably expect to find when caring for a
patient with a diagnosis of gas gangrene? - ANSWER Spreading edema
,13.A community health nurse practitioner is teaching a group of female high
school students about the importance of regular Papanicolaou (Pap) smears.
The nurse recognizes that which of the following items underlies the
rationale for this teaching? - ANSWER Cancer of the uterine cervix
develops incrementally at a cellular level.
14.Which of the following statements most accurately conveys an aspect of cell
injury due to impaired calcium homeostasis? - ANSWER Injured cells tend
to accumulate calcium.
15.A woman is surprised to read on the Internet that certain infections can cause
cancer and has sought clarification from her nurse practitioner during an
office visit. How can the NP best respond to the woman's query? -
ANSWER "There are many viruses, but only a very few of them have been
shown to cause cancer in humans."
16.Crohn's disease - ANSWER a chronic autoimmune disorder that can occur
anywhere in the digestive tract; however, it is most often found in the ileum
and in the colon
Causes fissures, strictures and perianal abscess.
Submucousal granulamatosus tissue involved
17.Treatment for Crohn's Disease - ANSWER Treatment of inflammatory
response
Sulfasalazine then metronidazole if no response to 5-ASA
Methotrexate and corticosteroids
, 18.Cervical Cancer - ANSWER Malignant cell growth in the cervix; can be
caused by HPV virus
19.Cervical Cancer treatment - ANSWER if PAP smear is negative (normal)
then routine follow up.
if CIN1: then repeat PAP
if CIN2 or CIN3: may need cryosurgery, laser surgery, LEEP performed.
may need hysterectomy, radiation, and chemotherapy.
20.Frostbite - ANSWER the freezing and crystalizing of fluids in the
interstitial and cellular spaces as a consequence of prolonged exposure to
freezing temperatures
21.The family of a 68-year-old man who is in the end stages of small cell lung
cancer is distraught at his visible body wasting that has worsened in recent
weeks. Which of the following phenomena best accounts for the patient's
anorexia and cachexia? - ANSWER Products of the tumor itself as well as a
hypermetabolic state cause cachexia
22.A child possesses a trait that is the result of the interaction of two different
genes, neither of which could have produced the trait independently. Which
of the following explanations best captures the genetic explanation for this? -
ANSWER The outcome is the result of the interaction between collaborative
genes.
23.A 45-year-old patient who experienced exposure to radiation during an
industrial accident several years prior is being assessed. Which of the
following phenomena may underlie the genetic changes that have been noted
