Exam 1 v2: NSG 4100/ NSG 4100 –
Latest 2026/2027 Update –
Advanced Medical-Surgical
Nursing Questions with Verified
Answers and Elaborated
Solutions Academic
Year
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A patient has been laid off from his construction job and has many unpaid bills. He is
going through a divorce from his marriage of 15 years and has been praying daily to
help him through this difficult time. He does not have a primary health care provider
because he has never really been sick, and his parents never took him to a physician
when he was a child. Which external variables influence the patient's health practices? -
<<<<ANSWERS>>>difficulty paying his bills and family practice of not routinely seeing
a doctor
When taking care of patients, a nurse routinely asks whether they take any vitamins or
herbal medications, encourages family members to bring in music that the patient likes
to help the patient relax, and frequently prays with her patients if that is important to
them. The nurse is practicing which model? - <<<<ANSWERS>>>holistic
normal adult capnography - <<<<ANSWERS>>>35-45mmHg
chills are caused by - <<<<ANSWERS>>>vasoconstriction, piloerection, epinephrine
secretion, shivering
patterns of fever - <<<<ANSWERS>>>sustained, intermittent, remittent, relapsing
Korotkoff phases - <<<<ANSWERS>>>Phase 1- A sharp thump
Phase 2- A blowing or whooshing sound
Phase 3- A crisp, intense tapping
Phase 4- A softer blowing sound that fades
Phase 5- Silence
host characteristics influencing susceptibility to disease - <<<<ANSWERS>>>age, sex,
ethnicity, socioeconomic status, marital status, lifestyle, heredity, nutritional status,
occupation, immunization status, therapeutic procedures, meds, pregnancy, trauma
,Lab tests to screen for infection - <<<<ANSWERS>>>WBC count, cultures of urine and
blood, iron level
Airborne precautions - <<<<ANSWERS>>>precautions: private room, negative
pressure airflow, mask or respirator
airborne diseases - <<<<ANSWERS>>>measles, varicella, tuberculosis, disseminated
herpes zoster, rubeola
What is the goal of Healthy People 2020? - <<<<ANSWERS>>>promote quality of life,
healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life stages
-access to health services
-injury/violence prevention
-health for all ages
-health of communities affects overall health of nation
Illness perceptions - <<<<ANSWERS>>>beliefs about illness; may be brought on by
cultural, spiritual, or ethical factors
what does holistic care consist of - <<<<ANSWERS>>>paying attention to the mind,
body, and spirit of the client
what is the normal range for a child temperature - <<<<ANSWERS>>>96.8-99 F.
what is the normal range for adult temperature (tympanic/oral) -
<<<<ANSWERS>>>98.6 F.
what is the normal range for adult temperature (rectal) - <<<<ANSWERS>>>99.5 F.
what is the normal range for adult temperature (axillary) - <<<<ANSWERS>>>97.7 F.
pyrexia - <<<<ANSWERS>>>fever
afebrile - <<<<ANSWERS>>>without fever
hyperpyrexia/hyperthermia - <<<<ANSWERS>>>very high fever (103-105.8 F. or
above)
hypothermia - <<<<ANSWERS>>>low body temperature (95 F. or lower)
factors affecting temperature - <<<<ANSWERS>>>developmental level, environment,
sex, exercise, emotions/stress/hormones, circadian rhythm
, when should you not use the oral method of obtaining a client's temperature -
<<<<ANSWERS>>>if the patient has a problem with their mouth or if their mouth is in
use by medical equipment
what is the normal range for adult pulse - <<<<ANSWERS>>>60-100 bpm; strong,
regular
systole - <<<<ANSWERS>>>peak of the wave; contraction of the heart
diastole - <<<<ANSWERS>>>trough of the wave; resting phase of heart
stroke volume - <<<<ANSWERS>>>the amount of blood ejected from the heart in one
contraction.
Cardiac Output (CO) - <<<<ANSWERS>>>total quantity of blood pumped per minute
factors affecting pulse - <<<<ANSWERS>>>exercise, temperature, acute pain,
emotions, meds, hemorrhage, postural changes, pulmonary conditions
what is something to consider about older adult's pulse? - <<<<ANSWERS>>>it may
take longer for the HR to rise. heart sounds may also sometimes be muffled due to an
increase in air space in the lungs
what is something to consider about older adult's temperature? - <<<<ANSWERS>>>it
runs low
when should you take the apical pulse - <<<<ANSWERS>>>when the radial pulse is
irregular, if a patient is taking cardiac meds, or in assessment of infants to children up to
3 years old
what is the normal range for adult blood pressure - <<<<ANSWERS>>>120/80
peripheral resistance - <<<<ANSWERS>>>arterial and capillary resistance to blood flow
as a result of friction between blood and the vessel walls
hypotension - <<<<ANSWERS>>>systolic pressure less than 100mmHg
prehypertension - <<<<ANSWERS>>>BP of 120-139 systolic or 80-89 diastolic,
obtained with 2 readings, 6 minutes apart with patient sitting
hypertension - <<<<ANSWERS>>>BP above 140 systolic or 90 diasolic
primary hypertension - <<<<ANSWERS>>>high BP where the cause is unknown
Latest 2026/2027 Update –
Advanced Medical-Surgical
Nursing Questions with Verified
Answers and Elaborated
Solutions Academic
Year
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A patient has been laid off from his construction job and has many unpaid bills. He is
going through a divorce from his marriage of 15 years and has been praying daily to
help him through this difficult time. He does not have a primary health care provider
because he has never really been sick, and his parents never took him to a physician
when he was a child. Which external variables influence the patient's health practices? -
<<<<ANSWERS>>>difficulty paying his bills and family practice of not routinely seeing
a doctor
When taking care of patients, a nurse routinely asks whether they take any vitamins or
herbal medications, encourages family members to bring in music that the patient likes
to help the patient relax, and frequently prays with her patients if that is important to
them. The nurse is practicing which model? - <<<<ANSWERS>>>holistic
normal adult capnography - <<<<ANSWERS>>>35-45mmHg
chills are caused by - <<<<ANSWERS>>>vasoconstriction, piloerection, epinephrine
secretion, shivering
patterns of fever - <<<<ANSWERS>>>sustained, intermittent, remittent, relapsing
Korotkoff phases - <<<<ANSWERS>>>Phase 1- A sharp thump
Phase 2- A blowing or whooshing sound
Phase 3- A crisp, intense tapping
Phase 4- A softer blowing sound that fades
Phase 5- Silence
host characteristics influencing susceptibility to disease - <<<<ANSWERS>>>age, sex,
ethnicity, socioeconomic status, marital status, lifestyle, heredity, nutritional status,
occupation, immunization status, therapeutic procedures, meds, pregnancy, trauma
,Lab tests to screen for infection - <<<<ANSWERS>>>WBC count, cultures of urine and
blood, iron level
Airborne precautions - <<<<ANSWERS>>>precautions: private room, negative
pressure airflow, mask or respirator
airborne diseases - <<<<ANSWERS>>>measles, varicella, tuberculosis, disseminated
herpes zoster, rubeola
What is the goal of Healthy People 2020? - <<<<ANSWERS>>>promote quality of life,
healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life stages
-access to health services
-injury/violence prevention
-health for all ages
-health of communities affects overall health of nation
Illness perceptions - <<<<ANSWERS>>>beliefs about illness; may be brought on by
cultural, spiritual, or ethical factors
what does holistic care consist of - <<<<ANSWERS>>>paying attention to the mind,
body, and spirit of the client
what is the normal range for a child temperature - <<<<ANSWERS>>>96.8-99 F.
what is the normal range for adult temperature (tympanic/oral) -
<<<<ANSWERS>>>98.6 F.
what is the normal range for adult temperature (rectal) - <<<<ANSWERS>>>99.5 F.
what is the normal range for adult temperature (axillary) - <<<<ANSWERS>>>97.7 F.
pyrexia - <<<<ANSWERS>>>fever
afebrile - <<<<ANSWERS>>>without fever
hyperpyrexia/hyperthermia - <<<<ANSWERS>>>very high fever (103-105.8 F. or
above)
hypothermia - <<<<ANSWERS>>>low body temperature (95 F. or lower)
factors affecting temperature - <<<<ANSWERS>>>developmental level, environment,
sex, exercise, emotions/stress/hormones, circadian rhythm
, when should you not use the oral method of obtaining a client's temperature -
<<<<ANSWERS>>>if the patient has a problem with their mouth or if their mouth is in
use by medical equipment
what is the normal range for adult pulse - <<<<ANSWERS>>>60-100 bpm; strong,
regular
systole - <<<<ANSWERS>>>peak of the wave; contraction of the heart
diastole - <<<<ANSWERS>>>trough of the wave; resting phase of heart
stroke volume - <<<<ANSWERS>>>the amount of blood ejected from the heart in one
contraction.
Cardiac Output (CO) - <<<<ANSWERS>>>total quantity of blood pumped per minute
factors affecting pulse - <<<<ANSWERS>>>exercise, temperature, acute pain,
emotions, meds, hemorrhage, postural changes, pulmonary conditions
what is something to consider about older adult's pulse? - <<<<ANSWERS>>>it may
take longer for the HR to rise. heart sounds may also sometimes be muffled due to an
increase in air space in the lungs
what is something to consider about older adult's temperature? - <<<<ANSWERS>>>it
runs low
when should you take the apical pulse - <<<<ANSWERS>>>when the radial pulse is
irregular, if a patient is taking cardiac meds, or in assessment of infants to children up to
3 years old
what is the normal range for adult blood pressure - <<<<ANSWERS>>>120/80
peripheral resistance - <<<<ANSWERS>>>arterial and capillary resistance to blood flow
as a result of friction between blood and the vessel walls
hypotension - <<<<ANSWERS>>>systolic pressure less than 100mmHg
prehypertension - <<<<ANSWERS>>>BP of 120-139 systolic or 80-89 diastolic,
obtained with 2 readings, 6 minutes apart with patient sitting
hypertension - <<<<ANSWERS>>>BP above 140 systolic or 90 diasolic
primary hypertension - <<<<ANSWERS>>>high BP where the cause is unknown
