lOMoARcPSD| 63525276
ALL Pharmacology Medications Study Guide
Module 02 – Neurological System Medications
Chapter 24 – Antiparkinsonian Agents
Dopaminergic Agents (Dopamine Agonists)
Drugs Route Therapeutic Actions Contraindications, Adverse Effects
Interactions, & Cautions
carbidopa- PO Carbidopa decreases - Known allergy - Peripheral Dopamine
levodopa metabolism of levodopa in GI - Angle-closure Reactions (palpitations,
(Duopa, Rytary) tract increase amount that glaucoma fainting, anorexia, nausea)
crosses blood/brain barrier - Lactation - Systemic Dopamine
- MAOIs Effects (tachycardia,
amantadine (Gocovil, PO Antiviral that increases hypertension, decreased
- Levodopa:
Osmolex ER) release of dopamine; GI motility, urinary
nonselective MAOIs,
dopaminergic agents retention)
iron salts, TCAs,
apomorphine (Apokyn, Apomorphine- Binds to post-synaptic - Bone marrow depression
phenytoin
Kynmobl) SQ receptors and is approved for - Hepatic dysfunction
- Rasagiline:
bromocriptine (Parlodel) “off” episodes tyraminerich foods, St.
pramipexole (Mirapex, Rotigine- TD John’s Wort,
Mirapex ER) ropinorole Indication: Can be used to meperidine,
(Requip, Requip XL) treat restless leg syndrome acetaminophen
rotigine (Neupro) - Malignant melanoma
Dopamine receptor agonists
, lOMoARcPSD| 63525276
rasagiline (Azilect) PO Dopamine agonist; increases - Caution: CV disease,
dopamine in synapse bronchial asthma, hx.
Inhibits MAO type B; initial Peptic ulcer, UTI obx,
monotherapy or in psychiatric disorders,
conjunction with levodopa pregnancy
Anticholinergic Agents (Cholinergic Blocking Agents)
Drugs Route Therapeutic Actions Contraindications, Interactions, Adverse Effects
& Cautions
benztropine (Cogentin) PO Blocks cholinergic - Known allergies - CNS effects: disorientation,
receptors - C/I: narrow-angle confusion, memory loss,
diphenhydramine glaucoma, GI/GU obx, agitation, nervousness,
(Benadryl) PO, IV, Associated with adverse prostatic hypertrophy - C/I: dizziness, lightheadedness
IM effects tachycardia/arrhythmias, - Anticipated peripheral
trihexyphenidyl hypo/hypertension, anticholinergic effects: dry
Not as effective as pregnancy/lactation (only mouth, nausea, vomiting,
PO levodopa but can be if benefits outweigh risks) paralytic ileus, constipation
used as adjunct therapy - Hot environments; reflex - Tachycardia, hypotension
sweating blocked heat - Urinary retention/hesitancy
Decrease salivation, exhaustion/stroke - Photophobia and blurred vision
spasticity, and tremors - Interacts with other - Decreased sweating
anticholinergics and
antipsychotics (can lead to
paralytic ileus)
Adjunct Therapy
entacapone (Comtan) tolcapone (Tasmar) safinamide (Xadago) selegiline (Eldepryl)
, lOMoARcPSD| 63525276
Therapeutic Action Increases plasma COMT inhibitor to increase “off” episodes Used with
concentration & plasma levels of levodopa carbidopalevodopa after
Used in conjunction with duration of levodopa Inhibits MAO-B patients have shown signs
carbidopa-levodopa Associated w/ liver of deteriorating response
Inhibits COMT enzyme damage; C/I in liver disease Blocks sodium and calcium to treatment
Use barrier contraceptives that destroys dopamine channel
Stalevo- levodopa, Entacapone > Tolcapone
carbidopa, entacapone Inhibiting glutamate release
Chapter 30 – Adrenergic Agonists (Sympathomimetic)
Alpha- and Beta-Adrenergic Agonists (affect both alpha- and beta-receptors)
Drug Route Indications Therapeutic Contraindications, Adverse Effects
Actions Interactions, & Cautions
dobutamine (generic) IV treatment of heart Effects mediated C/I: CV effects
failure; increase by the adrenergic - Hypersensitivity/alle - Arrhythmias,
myocardial receptors in rgy HTN,
contractility target organs: - Pheochromocytoma palpitations,
dopamine (generic) IV treatment of shock HR increases, (overload of angina, dyspnea
bronchi dilate, catecholamines)
ephedrine (Akovaz, IV treatment of blood vessel - Tachyarrhythmias, GI effects
Corphedra, Emerphed) hypotensive episodes constricts, eye
V-Fib - Nausea,
in setting of pressure
- Hypovolemia vomiting,
anesthesia; stimulates decreases,
constipation
release of glycogenesis,
norepinephrine
ALL Pharmacology Medications Study Guide
Module 02 – Neurological System Medications
Chapter 24 – Antiparkinsonian Agents
Dopaminergic Agents (Dopamine Agonists)
Drugs Route Therapeutic Actions Contraindications, Adverse Effects
Interactions, & Cautions
carbidopa- PO Carbidopa decreases - Known allergy - Peripheral Dopamine
levodopa metabolism of levodopa in GI - Angle-closure Reactions (palpitations,
(Duopa, Rytary) tract increase amount that glaucoma fainting, anorexia, nausea)
crosses blood/brain barrier - Lactation - Systemic Dopamine
- MAOIs Effects (tachycardia,
amantadine (Gocovil, PO Antiviral that increases hypertension, decreased
- Levodopa:
Osmolex ER) release of dopamine; GI motility, urinary
nonselective MAOIs,
dopaminergic agents retention)
iron salts, TCAs,
apomorphine (Apokyn, Apomorphine- Binds to post-synaptic - Bone marrow depression
phenytoin
Kynmobl) SQ receptors and is approved for - Hepatic dysfunction
- Rasagiline:
bromocriptine (Parlodel) “off” episodes tyraminerich foods, St.
pramipexole (Mirapex, Rotigine- TD John’s Wort,
Mirapex ER) ropinorole Indication: Can be used to meperidine,
(Requip, Requip XL) treat restless leg syndrome acetaminophen
rotigine (Neupro) - Malignant melanoma
Dopamine receptor agonists
, lOMoARcPSD| 63525276
rasagiline (Azilect) PO Dopamine agonist; increases - Caution: CV disease,
dopamine in synapse bronchial asthma, hx.
Inhibits MAO type B; initial Peptic ulcer, UTI obx,
monotherapy or in psychiatric disorders,
conjunction with levodopa pregnancy
Anticholinergic Agents (Cholinergic Blocking Agents)
Drugs Route Therapeutic Actions Contraindications, Interactions, Adverse Effects
& Cautions
benztropine (Cogentin) PO Blocks cholinergic - Known allergies - CNS effects: disorientation,
receptors - C/I: narrow-angle confusion, memory loss,
diphenhydramine glaucoma, GI/GU obx, agitation, nervousness,
(Benadryl) PO, IV, Associated with adverse prostatic hypertrophy - C/I: dizziness, lightheadedness
IM effects tachycardia/arrhythmias, - Anticipated peripheral
trihexyphenidyl hypo/hypertension, anticholinergic effects: dry
Not as effective as pregnancy/lactation (only mouth, nausea, vomiting,
PO levodopa but can be if benefits outweigh risks) paralytic ileus, constipation
used as adjunct therapy - Hot environments; reflex - Tachycardia, hypotension
sweating blocked heat - Urinary retention/hesitancy
Decrease salivation, exhaustion/stroke - Photophobia and blurred vision
spasticity, and tremors - Interacts with other - Decreased sweating
anticholinergics and
antipsychotics (can lead to
paralytic ileus)
Adjunct Therapy
entacapone (Comtan) tolcapone (Tasmar) safinamide (Xadago) selegiline (Eldepryl)
, lOMoARcPSD| 63525276
Therapeutic Action Increases plasma COMT inhibitor to increase “off” episodes Used with
concentration & plasma levels of levodopa carbidopalevodopa after
Used in conjunction with duration of levodopa Inhibits MAO-B patients have shown signs
carbidopa-levodopa Associated w/ liver of deteriorating response
Inhibits COMT enzyme damage; C/I in liver disease Blocks sodium and calcium to treatment
Use barrier contraceptives that destroys dopamine channel
Stalevo- levodopa, Entacapone > Tolcapone
carbidopa, entacapone Inhibiting glutamate release
Chapter 30 – Adrenergic Agonists (Sympathomimetic)
Alpha- and Beta-Adrenergic Agonists (affect both alpha- and beta-receptors)
Drug Route Indications Therapeutic Contraindications, Adverse Effects
Actions Interactions, & Cautions
dobutamine (generic) IV treatment of heart Effects mediated C/I: CV effects
failure; increase by the adrenergic - Hypersensitivity/alle - Arrhythmias,
myocardial receptors in rgy HTN,
contractility target organs: - Pheochromocytoma palpitations,
dopamine (generic) IV treatment of shock HR increases, (overload of angina, dyspnea
bronchi dilate, catecholamines)
ephedrine (Akovaz, IV treatment of blood vessel - Tachyarrhythmias, GI effects
Corphedra, Emerphed) hypotensive episodes constricts, eye
V-Fib - Nausea,
in setting of pressure
- Hypovolemia vomiting,
anesthesia; stimulates decreases,
constipation
release of glycogenesis,
norepinephrine
