E109 - Human Physiology (Final Exam) Questions With
Complete Solutions
Absorption (digestive system) Correct Answers movement of
substances from the lumen of the GI tract to the ECF
Basement membrane Correct Answers -consists of negatively
charged glycoproteins and excludes most plasma proteins
Capillary endothelium Correct Answers -repels negatively
charged proteins
-pores small enough to prevent blood cells from leaving
capillary
Carbohydrates absorption Correct Answers must be broken
down into monosaccharides
Chyme Correct Answers soupy mixture of food and secretions
Clearance Correct Answers the rate at which a solute
disappears from the body by excretion/metabolism
Colloid osmotic pressure Correct Answers colloid osmotic
pressure inside of the glomerular capillaries is higher than the
fluid inside of Bowman's capsule --> favors movement BACK
to the capillaries
Describe the hepatic portal system Correct Answers -one
capillary bed picks up nutrients from the small intestine
-one capillary bed delivers nutrients to the liver
, Describe the portal system of nephrons Correct Answers One
nephron has two arterioles and two sets of capillaries that form a
portal system
Digestive enzymes Correct Answers -secreted by exocrine
glands or epithelial cells
-many are bound to the apical membrane
-some are secreted in an inactive form --> zymogens
Diuresis Correct Answers removal of excess water in urine
Epithelium of Bowman's Capsule Correct Answers -consists of
specialized cells called podocytes (extensions called foot
processes)
-food processes wrap around glomerular capillaries leaving
filtration slits
-mesangial cells in/around glomerular capillaries can influence
filtration by altering the surface area of filtration slits
Filtration Correct Answers The movement of fluid from the
blood into the lumen of the nephron; takes place in the renal
corpuscle (glomerulus + Bowman's capsule)
Filtration fraction Correct Answers % of renal plasma flow that
filters into the tubule
Formula for excretion Correct Answers excretion = filtration -
reabsorption + secretion
Functions of saliva Correct Answers (1) moisten food
(2) digestion of starch
Complete Solutions
Absorption (digestive system) Correct Answers movement of
substances from the lumen of the GI tract to the ECF
Basement membrane Correct Answers -consists of negatively
charged glycoproteins and excludes most plasma proteins
Capillary endothelium Correct Answers -repels negatively
charged proteins
-pores small enough to prevent blood cells from leaving
capillary
Carbohydrates absorption Correct Answers must be broken
down into monosaccharides
Chyme Correct Answers soupy mixture of food and secretions
Clearance Correct Answers the rate at which a solute
disappears from the body by excretion/metabolism
Colloid osmotic pressure Correct Answers colloid osmotic
pressure inside of the glomerular capillaries is higher than the
fluid inside of Bowman's capsule --> favors movement BACK
to the capillaries
Describe the hepatic portal system Correct Answers -one
capillary bed picks up nutrients from the small intestine
-one capillary bed delivers nutrients to the liver
, Describe the portal system of nephrons Correct Answers One
nephron has two arterioles and two sets of capillaries that form a
portal system
Digestive enzymes Correct Answers -secreted by exocrine
glands or epithelial cells
-many are bound to the apical membrane
-some are secreted in an inactive form --> zymogens
Diuresis Correct Answers removal of excess water in urine
Epithelium of Bowman's Capsule Correct Answers -consists of
specialized cells called podocytes (extensions called foot
processes)
-food processes wrap around glomerular capillaries leaving
filtration slits
-mesangial cells in/around glomerular capillaries can influence
filtration by altering the surface area of filtration slits
Filtration Correct Answers The movement of fluid from the
blood into the lumen of the nephron; takes place in the renal
corpuscle (glomerulus + Bowman's capsule)
Filtration fraction Correct Answers % of renal plasma flow that
filters into the tubule
Formula for excretion Correct Answers excretion = filtration -
reabsorption + secretion
Functions of saliva Correct Answers (1) moisten food
(2) digestion of starch
