High-Yield Clinical Notes
Dehydration Assessment & Fluid Resuscitation
1. Assessment of Dehydration Severity
Signs Mild (3-5%) Moderate (6-9%) Severe (≥10%)
Pulse Normal Slightly Increased Rapid & Weak
Membranes Slightly Dry Dry Parched/Cracked
Fontanelle Flat Sunken Deeply Sunken
Skin Turgor Normal Slow Recoil Very Slow (>2s)
Urine Output Slightly Low Oliguria Anuria
2. Maintenance Fluid (Holiday-Segar Rule)
The 100/50/20 Rule:
• First 10 kg: 100 mL/kg/day
• Next 10 kg (11-20kg): 50 mL/kg/day
• Each kg above 20 kg: 20 mL/kg/day
3. Emergency Management (The "Rule of 20")
For Shock or Severe Dehydration, immediate intervention is required:
Dehydration Assessment & Fluid Resuscitation
1. Assessment of Dehydration Severity
Signs Mild (3-5%) Moderate (6-9%) Severe (≥10%)
Pulse Normal Slightly Increased Rapid & Weak
Membranes Slightly Dry Dry Parched/Cracked
Fontanelle Flat Sunken Deeply Sunken
Skin Turgor Normal Slow Recoil Very Slow (>2s)
Urine Output Slightly Low Oliguria Anuria
2. Maintenance Fluid (Holiday-Segar Rule)
The 100/50/20 Rule:
• First 10 kg: 100 mL/kg/day
• Next 10 kg (11-20kg): 50 mL/kg/day
• Each kg above 20 kg: 20 mL/kg/day
3. Emergency Management (The "Rule of 20")
For Shock or Severe Dehydration, immediate intervention is required:
