ATPL QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
What are the forces acting on an aircraft in flight? - Correct Answers -Drag. Thrust. Lift
and Weight
What is direct lift control? - Correct Answers -The elevator / stabilizer provide the direct
lift control.
What are high lift devices? - Correct Answers -Trailing edge flaps. Leading edge flaps.
Slots
Define the two major types or Drag. - Correct Answers -Profile and induced drag which
equals total drag
What are high drag devices? - Correct Answers -Trailing edge flaps, spoilers, landing
gear, revere thrust, braking parachute.
How do you prevent span-vise airflow on a wing especially swept wing? - Correct
Answers -Fences, vortex generators
What is the purpose vortex generators and fences? - Correct Answers -To reduce
spanwise airflow and thereby reduce its effects
What are winglets and how do they work? - Correct Answers -Winglets are
aerodynamically efficient surfaces located at the wing tips. They are designed to reduce
induced drag. They dispense the spanwise airflow from the upper and lower surfaces at
different points.
How does a forward center of gravity affect the stall speed? - Correct Answers -A center
of gravity forward of the center of pressure will cause a higher stall speed
What advantages does an aircraft gain from a swept swing? - Correct Answers -High
mach cruise speeds, stability in turbulence.
Where does a swept wing stall first? - Correct Answers -A simple swept or tapered wing
will stall at the wing tip first.
,Explain speed stability. - Correct Answers -It's the behavior of the speed after a
disturbance at a fixed power setting
What is Mach Number - Correct Answers -Mach number is a true airspeed indication,
given as a percentage relative to the local speed of sound.
What is the critical Mach number (mcrit)? - Correct Answers -Mcrit is the aircraft's mach
speed at which the airflow over a wing becomes sonic.
What is Mach tuck? - Correct Answers -Is the nose down pitching moment an aircraft
experiences as it passes it's critical mach number
What is the purpose of a mach trimmer? - Correct Answers -A Mach trimmer is to
automatically compensate for Mach tuck above Mcrit.
What are the affects of compressibility? - Correct Answers -The effect of air being
compressed onto a surface resulting in an increase in density and thus dynamic
pressure rises above its expected value.
What changes the aircrafts angle of attack at the stall? - Correct Answers -The
movement of the center of pressure point at the stall causes a change in the aircraft's
angle of attack
What happens to the stall speed at very high altitudes? - Correct Answers -Mach
number compressibility effect on the wing results in a higher EAS (actual equivalent
airspeed), compressibility error on the IAS increases the stall speed
What is super stall? - Correct Answers -Is a stall from which the aircraft is unable to
recover.
What is Dutch roll? - Correct Answers -Dutch roll is an oscillatory Instability. It is the
combination of yawing and rolling motions
What causes Dutch roll? - Correct Answers -Swept wings
What is the three purposes of spoilers? - Correct Answers -Roll control, Air speed
brakes, and ground lift dumpers
What our Krueger flaps? - Correct Answers -Krueger flaps are leading edge wing flaps
used to increase the wing chamber
How do flap affect takeoff ground run? - Correct Answers -A higher flap within the take
off range, will reduce the takeoff' ground run for a given aircraft weight.
What's the purpose is of yaw and roll dampers? - Correct Answers -To prevent Dutch
roll and coordinate turns
, What are the four reasons for a variable-incident tailplane / stabilizer? - Correct
Answers -Provide a balancing force for a large C of G range, cope with large trim
changes. Provide balancing force for a large speed range, reduce elevator trim drag.
What is a mass balance? - Correct Answers -It is another form of aerodynamic balance
control on a control surface.
What are active controls? - Correct Answers -A surface that moves automatically /
actively in response to non-direct inputs
What is engine torque? - Correct Answers -A force causing rotation
What is specific fuel consumption (SFC)? - Correct Answers -The quantity / weight (Ib)
of fuel consumed per hour divided by the thrust of an engine in pounds
Why do operators use reduced de-rated thrust takeoffs in a jet aircraft? - Correct
Answers -To protect engine life and improve reliability, reduce noise.
What is the purpose of engine re-light boundaries? - Correct Answers -To ensure that
correct proportion of air is delivered to the engines combustion chamber to restart the
engine in flight.
Why are bleed valves fitted to gas turbine engines? - Correct Answers -To provide
bleed air for auxiliary systems, to regulate the correct airflow pressures between
different engine sections
What fuels are commonly used on jet aircraft? - Correct Answers -Jet A1 - waxing point
of - 50 C, Jet A - waxing point of -40C.
Is there a critical engine on a jet aircraft? - Correct Answers -No
How does INS/IRS find true north? - Correct Answers -It is aligned to true north by its
gyroscopes.
What are the advantages of an INS? - Correct Answers -Very accurate, self-contained
system, totally global system enabling aircraft to fly great circle tracks
What are the disadvantages of INS? - Correct Answers -Bounded errors, unbounded
errors, Inherent system errors.
What does ISA stand for? - Correct Answers -International standard atmosphere.
What is pressure altitude? - Correct Answers -Pressure altitude or pressure height is the
international standard atmosphere (ISA) height above the 29. pressure datum,
ANSWERS
What are the forces acting on an aircraft in flight? - Correct Answers -Drag. Thrust. Lift
and Weight
What is direct lift control? - Correct Answers -The elevator / stabilizer provide the direct
lift control.
What are high lift devices? - Correct Answers -Trailing edge flaps. Leading edge flaps.
Slots
Define the two major types or Drag. - Correct Answers -Profile and induced drag which
equals total drag
What are high drag devices? - Correct Answers -Trailing edge flaps, spoilers, landing
gear, revere thrust, braking parachute.
How do you prevent span-vise airflow on a wing especially swept wing? - Correct
Answers -Fences, vortex generators
What is the purpose vortex generators and fences? - Correct Answers -To reduce
spanwise airflow and thereby reduce its effects
What are winglets and how do they work? - Correct Answers -Winglets are
aerodynamically efficient surfaces located at the wing tips. They are designed to reduce
induced drag. They dispense the spanwise airflow from the upper and lower surfaces at
different points.
How does a forward center of gravity affect the stall speed? - Correct Answers -A center
of gravity forward of the center of pressure will cause a higher stall speed
What advantages does an aircraft gain from a swept swing? - Correct Answers -High
mach cruise speeds, stability in turbulence.
Where does a swept wing stall first? - Correct Answers -A simple swept or tapered wing
will stall at the wing tip first.
,Explain speed stability. - Correct Answers -It's the behavior of the speed after a
disturbance at a fixed power setting
What is Mach Number - Correct Answers -Mach number is a true airspeed indication,
given as a percentage relative to the local speed of sound.
What is the critical Mach number (mcrit)? - Correct Answers -Mcrit is the aircraft's mach
speed at which the airflow over a wing becomes sonic.
What is Mach tuck? - Correct Answers -Is the nose down pitching moment an aircraft
experiences as it passes it's critical mach number
What is the purpose of a mach trimmer? - Correct Answers -A Mach trimmer is to
automatically compensate for Mach tuck above Mcrit.
What are the affects of compressibility? - Correct Answers -The effect of air being
compressed onto a surface resulting in an increase in density and thus dynamic
pressure rises above its expected value.
What changes the aircrafts angle of attack at the stall? - Correct Answers -The
movement of the center of pressure point at the stall causes a change in the aircraft's
angle of attack
What happens to the stall speed at very high altitudes? - Correct Answers -Mach
number compressibility effect on the wing results in a higher EAS (actual equivalent
airspeed), compressibility error on the IAS increases the stall speed
What is super stall? - Correct Answers -Is a stall from which the aircraft is unable to
recover.
What is Dutch roll? - Correct Answers -Dutch roll is an oscillatory Instability. It is the
combination of yawing and rolling motions
What causes Dutch roll? - Correct Answers -Swept wings
What is the three purposes of spoilers? - Correct Answers -Roll control, Air speed
brakes, and ground lift dumpers
What our Krueger flaps? - Correct Answers -Krueger flaps are leading edge wing flaps
used to increase the wing chamber
How do flap affect takeoff ground run? - Correct Answers -A higher flap within the take
off range, will reduce the takeoff' ground run for a given aircraft weight.
What's the purpose is of yaw and roll dampers? - Correct Answers -To prevent Dutch
roll and coordinate turns
, What are the four reasons for a variable-incident tailplane / stabilizer? - Correct
Answers -Provide a balancing force for a large C of G range, cope with large trim
changes. Provide balancing force for a large speed range, reduce elevator trim drag.
What is a mass balance? - Correct Answers -It is another form of aerodynamic balance
control on a control surface.
What are active controls? - Correct Answers -A surface that moves automatically /
actively in response to non-direct inputs
What is engine torque? - Correct Answers -A force causing rotation
What is specific fuel consumption (SFC)? - Correct Answers -The quantity / weight (Ib)
of fuel consumed per hour divided by the thrust of an engine in pounds
Why do operators use reduced de-rated thrust takeoffs in a jet aircraft? - Correct
Answers -To protect engine life and improve reliability, reduce noise.
What is the purpose of engine re-light boundaries? - Correct Answers -To ensure that
correct proportion of air is delivered to the engines combustion chamber to restart the
engine in flight.
Why are bleed valves fitted to gas turbine engines? - Correct Answers -To provide
bleed air for auxiliary systems, to regulate the correct airflow pressures between
different engine sections
What fuels are commonly used on jet aircraft? - Correct Answers -Jet A1 - waxing point
of - 50 C, Jet A - waxing point of -40C.
Is there a critical engine on a jet aircraft? - Correct Answers -No
How does INS/IRS find true north? - Correct Answers -It is aligned to true north by its
gyroscopes.
What are the advantages of an INS? - Correct Answers -Very accurate, self-contained
system, totally global system enabling aircraft to fly great circle tracks
What are the disadvantages of INS? - Correct Answers -Bounded errors, unbounded
errors, Inherent system errors.
What does ISA stand for? - Correct Answers -International standard atmosphere.
What is pressure altitude? - Correct Answers -Pressure altitude or pressure height is the
international standard atmosphere (ISA) height above the 29. pressure datum,
