E109 FINAL QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
A contraction that generates constant force and moves a load is
known as [ Select ] ] , whereas one that generates force without
movement is known as [ Select ] Correct Answers isotonic,
isometric
A person visits a cardiologist and learns that their left AV valve
does not close completely. How will this condition affect blood
flow and aortic pressure in the heart? Correct Answers Blood
will flow backwards from the left ventricle to the left atrium.
Aortic pressure will be less than a healthy heart.
A single molecule of MgCl2 dissolves into 3 particles (Mg++
and 2 Cl-) in solution.
What is the osmolarity (in OsM) of 5 moles of MgCl2? Correct
Answers 15
air moves into the lungs because... Correct Answers the gas
pressure in the lungs is less than outside pressure
As we age, our tissues lose some of their elasticity. Elasticity is
the ability of a material to deflect and return stored energy.
What predictions are reasonable for the effects of reduced
elasticity solely on the aorta? In other words, what should one
expect if the rest of the body operates the same way, but the
aorta is less elastic? Correct Answers A lower diastolic
pressure.
,Assume that two muscles are cylindrical in shape and equal in
length, but muscle B is 2 times the radius of muscle A. By what
factor is the maximum force of B greater than A? Correct
Answers .25
At time vi, which interpretation is most probable about blood
flow: Correct Answers no flow
Based on the above diagram and algorithm, what type of control
mechanism is depicted? Correct Answers Negative feedback.
Based on the above plot which roman numerals correspond to
times when the individual is exercising deep breathing? Correct
Answers iii
Blood flow through a single vessel will increase in flow rate if
exposed to a greater difference in pressure at its ends Correct
Answers true
By what factor would resistance to blood flow increase if an
arteriole reduced its radius to 1/5 of its initial value? Correct
Answers 625
By what factor would the rate of diffusion change if membrane
thickness increased by a factor of 5? Correct Answers Between
0.19 and 0.21
Channel proteins are capable of active transport. Correct
Answers False
,Choose all that apply to muscle spindle organs. Correct
Answers Can initiate stretch reflex pathways.
Encode length of muscle.
choose the answer that best describes how excretion rate
changes as the concentration for a nutrient like glucose raises in
the blood Correct Answers The excretion rate is zero at low
concentrations. However, the excretion rate matches the
glomerular filtration rate when the reabsorption pumps are
saturated at higher concentrations.
choose the answer that best describes what a CPG is and its
function Correct Answers A group of interneurons that
produces spontaneous oscillatory patterns.
Choose the answer that correctly labels all three channels as well
as their associated ions.
Channel i
Channel ii
Channel iii Correct Answers 1. funny (IF) channel
2. voltage gated calcium channel
3. potassium leak cannel
Choose the answers that best complete the following sentence.
Blood coming into the right atrium is initially stopped by the
[ Select ] ["closed semilunar valve", "open AV valve", "open
semilunar valve", "closed AV valve"] before opening when
[ Select ] ["the ventricle contracts increasing its pressure relative
to the atrium", "the atrium contracts increasing its pressure
relative to the vein", "the ventricle contracts increasing its
pressure relative to the artery", "the expansion of the relaxed
, ventricle decreases its pressure relative to the atrium"] , allowing
blood to flow into the right ventricle. Then the right ventricle
fills with blood coming from the atrium because [ Select ]
["closed semilunar valve", "open semilunar valve", "closed AV
valve", "open AV valve"] stops the blood flowing out of the
right ventricle, until the ventricle starts contracting, at which
point the AV valve closes and semilunar valve o Correct
Answers 1. closed AV valve
2. the expansion of the relaxed ventricle decreases its pressure
relative to the atrium
3. closed semilunar valve
4. AV valve closes and semilunar valve opens
Choose the answers that best complete the following sentence.
When the left ventricle relaxes during diastole, the [ Select ]
["left AV valve", "left Semilunar valve"] will open due to
[ Select ] ["similar pressure in both atrium and ventricle", "a
lower pressure within the atrium and higher pressure in the
ventricle", "a higher pressure within the atrium and lower
pressure in the ventricle"] , while the [ Select ] ["left Semilunar
valve", "left AV valve"] valve remains closed because of
[ Select ] ["higher pressure in the left ventricle", "higher
pressure in the left atrium", "lower pressure in the left atrium",
"lower pressure in the left ventricle"] . Correct Answers left
AV valve
a higher pressure within the atrium and lower pressure in the
ventricle
left Semilunar valve
lower pressure in the left ventricle
Choose the answers that best complete the following sentences.
SOLUTIONS
A contraction that generates constant force and moves a load is
known as [ Select ] ] , whereas one that generates force without
movement is known as [ Select ] Correct Answers isotonic,
isometric
A person visits a cardiologist and learns that their left AV valve
does not close completely. How will this condition affect blood
flow and aortic pressure in the heart? Correct Answers Blood
will flow backwards from the left ventricle to the left atrium.
Aortic pressure will be less than a healthy heart.
A single molecule of MgCl2 dissolves into 3 particles (Mg++
and 2 Cl-) in solution.
What is the osmolarity (in OsM) of 5 moles of MgCl2? Correct
Answers 15
air moves into the lungs because... Correct Answers the gas
pressure in the lungs is less than outside pressure
As we age, our tissues lose some of their elasticity. Elasticity is
the ability of a material to deflect and return stored energy.
What predictions are reasonable for the effects of reduced
elasticity solely on the aorta? In other words, what should one
expect if the rest of the body operates the same way, but the
aorta is less elastic? Correct Answers A lower diastolic
pressure.
,Assume that two muscles are cylindrical in shape and equal in
length, but muscle B is 2 times the radius of muscle A. By what
factor is the maximum force of B greater than A? Correct
Answers .25
At time vi, which interpretation is most probable about blood
flow: Correct Answers no flow
Based on the above diagram and algorithm, what type of control
mechanism is depicted? Correct Answers Negative feedback.
Based on the above plot which roman numerals correspond to
times when the individual is exercising deep breathing? Correct
Answers iii
Blood flow through a single vessel will increase in flow rate if
exposed to a greater difference in pressure at its ends Correct
Answers true
By what factor would resistance to blood flow increase if an
arteriole reduced its radius to 1/5 of its initial value? Correct
Answers 625
By what factor would the rate of diffusion change if membrane
thickness increased by a factor of 5? Correct Answers Between
0.19 and 0.21
Channel proteins are capable of active transport. Correct
Answers False
,Choose all that apply to muscle spindle organs. Correct
Answers Can initiate stretch reflex pathways.
Encode length of muscle.
choose the answer that best describes how excretion rate
changes as the concentration for a nutrient like glucose raises in
the blood Correct Answers The excretion rate is zero at low
concentrations. However, the excretion rate matches the
glomerular filtration rate when the reabsorption pumps are
saturated at higher concentrations.
choose the answer that best describes what a CPG is and its
function Correct Answers A group of interneurons that
produces spontaneous oscillatory patterns.
Choose the answer that correctly labels all three channels as well
as their associated ions.
Channel i
Channel ii
Channel iii Correct Answers 1. funny (IF) channel
2. voltage gated calcium channel
3. potassium leak cannel
Choose the answers that best complete the following sentence.
Blood coming into the right atrium is initially stopped by the
[ Select ] ["closed semilunar valve", "open AV valve", "open
semilunar valve", "closed AV valve"] before opening when
[ Select ] ["the ventricle contracts increasing its pressure relative
to the atrium", "the atrium contracts increasing its pressure
relative to the vein", "the ventricle contracts increasing its
pressure relative to the artery", "the expansion of the relaxed
, ventricle decreases its pressure relative to the atrium"] , allowing
blood to flow into the right ventricle. Then the right ventricle
fills with blood coming from the atrium because [ Select ]
["closed semilunar valve", "open semilunar valve", "closed AV
valve", "open AV valve"] stops the blood flowing out of the
right ventricle, until the ventricle starts contracting, at which
point the AV valve closes and semilunar valve o Correct
Answers 1. closed AV valve
2. the expansion of the relaxed ventricle decreases its pressure
relative to the atrium
3. closed semilunar valve
4. AV valve closes and semilunar valve opens
Choose the answers that best complete the following sentence.
When the left ventricle relaxes during diastole, the [ Select ]
["left AV valve", "left Semilunar valve"] will open due to
[ Select ] ["similar pressure in both atrium and ventricle", "a
lower pressure within the atrium and higher pressure in the
ventricle", "a higher pressure within the atrium and lower
pressure in the ventricle"] , while the [ Select ] ["left Semilunar
valve", "left AV valve"] valve remains closed because of
[ Select ] ["higher pressure in the left ventricle", "higher
pressure in the left atrium", "lower pressure in the left atrium",
"lower pressure in the left ventricle"] . Correct Answers left
AV valve
a higher pressure within the atrium and lower pressure in the
ventricle
left Semilunar valve
lower pressure in the left ventricle
Choose the answers that best complete the following sentences.
