PHARM 1000 CERTIFICATION EXAM
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS 2026
▶ What is a good way to determine if your client has an arrhythmia?
Answer: Check pulse and blood pressure
▶ What two assessments should be included in your teaching plan for you
client once they go home in regards to cardiac condition? Answer: Monitor
their own blood pressure and report any increases or decreases
▶ What are the pulse parameters for giving heart medications? Answer:
Less than 60 and greater than 100 hold medication
▶ What are the 2 most common adverse effects of arrhythmia
medications? Answer: Increased pulse and decreased respirations
▶ Hypokalemia (low potassium) increases the risk for? Answer: Difficulty
breathing and bradycardia
▶ During digitalization (starting on digoxin, rapid or gradual) how often
should you monitor clients vital signs? Answer: 2-4 hours
▶ Rule for administering drugs to geriatric patients? Answer: Start slow
and titrate slowly
▶ Define orthostatic? Answer: Hypotension blood pressure that decreases
as position changes from lying to sitting to standing
▶ Most common side effect of hypertension therapy (hypertensive drugs)?
Answer: Dehydration
,▶ Cardiotonic (heart drugs)initial dose parameters are? Answer: Check
apical pulse for one full minute
▶ For Nitro patches what nursing assessments are necessary prior to
application? Answer: pulse rate, when the last patch was taken off and
where it was put
▶ How do you determine if hyperlipidemia (getting rid of fat) therapy is
effective? Answer: increase in HDL and decrease of LDL
▶ How do we get Vitamin K into our bodies through diet? Answer: A
variety of vegetables
▶ What assessment do we do before anticoagulant medication Answer:
Vital signs, PTT, INR
▶ What is the difference between anticoagulants and thrombolytics?
Answer: Anticoagulant: prevents clots Thrombolytics: busts up clots
▶ What are the signs of dehydration? Answer: decrease in I & O, Skin
turgor tenting, dry oral mucous membranes
▶ What teaching is necessary with diuretics? Answer: s/s of electrolyte
imbalance
▶ What is normal BP range? Answer: 120/80
▶ What is the range that is considered pre hypertension? Answer: 121-
-89
▶ What is the range for hypertension? Answer: 140/90
▶ What is the greatest adverse effect of anticoagulants? Answer:
Hemorrhaging
▶ Anticoagulants prevents clots in the venous system Answer: Prevents*
Venous*
, ▶ Antiplatelets prevents clots in the arterial system? Answer: Prevent*
Arterial*
▶ What are the most potent diuretics? Answer: Loop
▶ When a client is on Lasix (diuretic) what three assessments do we do?
Answer: s/s of dehydration & skin turgor & check mucous membranes for
dryness
▶ Hypokalemia adverse effect is what when on loop or thiazide diuretics?
Answer: increase arrhythmias
▶ If a client is dehydrated from diuretcs what assessments would we likely
find? Answer: decreased I & O & tenting of skin & dry membranes in oral
mucousal
▶ What organ do we have to be concerned with when a client is on
diuretics? Answer: kidneys
▶ Urinary tract medications are? Answer: antiinfectives & anti spasmodic
▶ Do we take UTI meds with food or without food? Why? Answer: With, to
prevent gi upset
▶ What are the adverse effects of antispasmodics? Answer: dry mouth &
decrease of sweating & Nausea & Vomiting & decrease and concentrated
urine
▶ What position should a client be in who is vomiting? Answer: lateral ,
side, recovery
▶ What is the difference between emetic and anti emetic? Answer:
Emetic: induces vomiting anti emetic: stops N & V
▶ Upper GI system consists of what body parts? Answer: Stomach,
esophagus, mouth
▶ The lower GI system consists of what body parts? Answer: Intestines
and anus
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS 2026
▶ What is a good way to determine if your client has an arrhythmia?
Answer: Check pulse and blood pressure
▶ What two assessments should be included in your teaching plan for you
client once they go home in regards to cardiac condition? Answer: Monitor
their own blood pressure and report any increases or decreases
▶ What are the pulse parameters for giving heart medications? Answer:
Less than 60 and greater than 100 hold medication
▶ What are the 2 most common adverse effects of arrhythmia
medications? Answer: Increased pulse and decreased respirations
▶ Hypokalemia (low potassium) increases the risk for? Answer: Difficulty
breathing and bradycardia
▶ During digitalization (starting on digoxin, rapid or gradual) how often
should you monitor clients vital signs? Answer: 2-4 hours
▶ Rule for administering drugs to geriatric patients? Answer: Start slow
and titrate slowly
▶ Define orthostatic? Answer: Hypotension blood pressure that decreases
as position changes from lying to sitting to standing
▶ Most common side effect of hypertension therapy (hypertensive drugs)?
Answer: Dehydration
,▶ Cardiotonic (heart drugs)initial dose parameters are? Answer: Check
apical pulse for one full minute
▶ For Nitro patches what nursing assessments are necessary prior to
application? Answer: pulse rate, when the last patch was taken off and
where it was put
▶ How do you determine if hyperlipidemia (getting rid of fat) therapy is
effective? Answer: increase in HDL and decrease of LDL
▶ How do we get Vitamin K into our bodies through diet? Answer: A
variety of vegetables
▶ What assessment do we do before anticoagulant medication Answer:
Vital signs, PTT, INR
▶ What is the difference between anticoagulants and thrombolytics?
Answer: Anticoagulant: prevents clots Thrombolytics: busts up clots
▶ What are the signs of dehydration? Answer: decrease in I & O, Skin
turgor tenting, dry oral mucous membranes
▶ What teaching is necessary with diuretics? Answer: s/s of electrolyte
imbalance
▶ What is normal BP range? Answer: 120/80
▶ What is the range that is considered pre hypertension? Answer: 121-
-89
▶ What is the range for hypertension? Answer: 140/90
▶ What is the greatest adverse effect of anticoagulants? Answer:
Hemorrhaging
▶ Anticoagulants prevents clots in the venous system Answer: Prevents*
Venous*
, ▶ Antiplatelets prevents clots in the arterial system? Answer: Prevent*
Arterial*
▶ What are the most potent diuretics? Answer: Loop
▶ When a client is on Lasix (diuretic) what three assessments do we do?
Answer: s/s of dehydration & skin turgor & check mucous membranes for
dryness
▶ Hypokalemia adverse effect is what when on loop or thiazide diuretics?
Answer: increase arrhythmias
▶ If a client is dehydrated from diuretcs what assessments would we likely
find? Answer: decreased I & O & tenting of skin & dry membranes in oral
mucousal
▶ What organ do we have to be concerned with when a client is on
diuretics? Answer: kidneys
▶ Urinary tract medications are? Answer: antiinfectives & anti spasmodic
▶ Do we take UTI meds with food or without food? Why? Answer: With, to
prevent gi upset
▶ What are the adverse effects of antispasmodics? Answer: dry mouth &
decrease of sweating & Nausea & Vomiting & decrease and concentrated
urine
▶ What position should a client be in who is vomiting? Answer: lateral ,
side, recovery
▶ What is the difference between emetic and anti emetic? Answer:
Emetic: induces vomiting anti emetic: stops N & V
▶ Upper GI system consists of what body parts? Answer: Stomach,
esophagus, mouth
▶ The lower GI system consists of what body parts? Answer: Intestines
and anus
