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___________ and _____ are important in determining the likelihood or how well the
test
or observation identifies ppl w or w/out a disease.
ANSWERS: sensitivity and specificity
_ _____ is the proportion of people WITHOUT the disease who are negative on
a
given test or observation.
ANSWERS: specificity
meaning, is the test specific enough to rule people out who DO NOT have
the disease
Specificity is a __________ result.
ANSWERS: true negative result
_ _______is the extent to which an observation/test result is able to predict the
presence of a given diease/condition.
ANSWERS: predictive value
, What do you call the proportion of true-positive results in a given
population? This rises with what?
ANSWERS:
1. positive predictive value
2. prevalence
What type of predictive value is true negative observations in a population?
ANSWERS: negative predictive value
A _____________ test result is bad bc then the pt receives unnecessary
treatment.
This is bc the pt does not actually have the disease/condition they are being
treated for.
ANSWERS: false positive
Female pt takes a pregnancy test and it comes back as positive. Pt then goes
to the doctor to find out she is not pregnant. The initial pregnancy test is
considered a
________ __________.
ANSWERS: false positive
, A pt goes to the doctor after not feeling well for sometime and the
doctor tells the pt everything is perfectly fine. Meanwhile, the pt has
cancer that is spreading unknown to him and his doctor. This error is
considered a _______________________________________________ _.
ANSWERS: false negative
_ ______ is the number of new cases arising in a population at risk during a
specified
time.
ANSWERS: incidence
_ _______is a measure of existing disease in a population at a given point in
time.
ANSWERS: prevalence
_ ___ is the study of disease in populations.
ANSWERS: epidemiology
_ _____describes the effects an illness has on a person's life.
ANSWERS: morbidity
concerned with the incidence, persistence, & long term consequences of
the disease
_ _____ pertains to the causes of death in a given population.
ANSWERS:
mortality
, _ _____ is the probable outcome and prospect of recovery from a disease.
ANSWERS: prognosis
During what stage of the natural history of a disease do most diagnoses
occur?
ANSWERS: clinical disease stage
During the natural history of a disease, when is treatment most effective?
What is the issue with this?
ANSWERS:
1. subclinical stage
2. most pts do not know there is anything wrong w them yet...
Which level of disease prevention is removing risk factors, so disease does
not occur in the 1st place?
ANSWERS: PRIMARY
Which level of disease prevention detects disease when it is still curable?
ANSWERS: secondary
Which level of disease prevention prevents further deterioration or reducing
complications of the disease?
ANSWERS: tertiary