MED SURG HESI EXAM 2026 WITH
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS|| GUARANTEED
PASS|| ALREADY GRADED A+||
An 85-year-old male client comes to the clinic for his annual physical exam and
renewal of antihypertensive medication prescriptions. The client's radial pulse
rate is 104 beats/minute. Which additional assessment should the nurse
complete?
A) Palpate the pedal pulse volume.
B) Count the brachial pulse rate.
C) Measure the blood pressure.
D) Assess for a carotid bruit. - ANSWER-C) Measure the blood pressure.
* Elderly clients who take antihypertensive medications often experience side
effects, such as hypotension, which causes tachycardia, a compensatory
mechanism to maintain adequate cardiac output, so the client's blood pressure
(C) should be determined. (A, B, and D) are less likely to provide data related to
the client's tachycardia.
The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client with newly diagnosed
glacoma and a history of allergic rhinitis. Which information is most important
for the nurse to provide the client about using over-the-counter (OTC)
medications for allergies?
A) Notify your healthcare provider if there is an increase in heart rate.
B) Increase fluid intake while taking an antihistamine or decongestant.
C) Avoid allergy medications that contain pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine.
,D) Ophthalmic lubricating drops may be used for eye dryness due to allergy
medications. - ANSWER-C) Avoid allergy medications that contain
pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine.
* OTC allergy medications may contain ephedrine, phenylephrine, or
pseudoephedrine, which can cause adrenergic side effects, such as increased
intraocular pressure, so a client with glaucoma should avoid using these OTC
medications (C). A client with hypertension should avoid using OTC
medications containing ingredients that can increase blood pressure and heart
rate (A), but an increase in IOP is most important in a client with glaucoma. (B
and D) may provide symptomatic relief for other side effects, such as dry mouth
or eye dryness related to common agents used for allergic rhinits.
The nurse should explain to a client with lung cancer that pleurodesis is
performed to achieve which expected outcome?
A) Prevent the formation of effusion fluid.
B) Remove fluid from the intrapleural space.
C) Debulk tumor to maintain patency of air passages.
D) Relieve empyema after pneumonectomy. - ANSWER-A) Prevent the
formation of effusion fluid.
* Instillation of a sclerosing agent to create pleurodesis (adherence of the
parietal and visceral pleura) is aimed at preventing the formation of pleural
effusion fluid (A). (B) refers to thoracentesis. (C) is achieved by surgical
resection. (D) is treated by closed-chest drainage.
A female client with type 2 diabetes mellitus reports dysuria. Which assessment
finding is most important for the nurse to report to the healthcare provider?
A) Suprapubic pain and distention.
B) Bounding pulse at 100 beats/minute.
,C) Fingerstick glucose of 300 mg/dl.
D) Small vesicular perineal lesions. - ANSWER-C) Fingerstick glucose of 300
mg/dl.
* Elevated fingerstick glucose levels (C) spill glucose in the urine and provide a
medium for bacterial growth. (A, B, and D) should be reported, but the priority
(C) is to notify the healthcare provider for prescriptions to manage client to a
euglycemic level.
A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who is post-menopausal. Which
measure is most important for the nurse to include to prevent osteoporosis?
A) Take a multivitamin daily.
B) Use only low fat milk products.
C) Perform weight resistance exercises.
D) Bicycle for at least 3 miles every day. - ANSWER-C) Perform weight
resistance exercises.
* Weight bearing on the skeletal system stimulates bone formation, so
recommending weight resistance exercises (C) is most important in the
prevention of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women. Although (A, B, and D)
provide common health maintenance behaviors, weight bearing exercise
provides the best preventive measure in preventing calcium mobilization out of
the bone.
A client with acute appendicitis is experiencing anxiety and loss of sleep about
missing final examination week at college. Which outcome is most important
for the nurse to include in the plan of care?
A) Sleeping six to eight hours.
B) Achieve a sense of control.
C) Utilize problem solving skills.
, D) Increased focus of attention. - ANSWER-Correct Answer(s): B
* The experience of psychological discomfort may be as real as physical pain
for the client and should be seen as a priority in care. Because the client is
experiencing anxiety, achieving a sense of control is a key need (B) before (A,
C and D) are addressed.
Which client should the nurse assess first?
A) A 27-year-old complaining of severe back pain.
B) A 63-year-old complaining of foot and ankle pain.
C) A 49-year-old with pancreatitis complaining of unrelenting abdominal pain.
D) A 55-year-old newly admitted client complaining of jaw pain and
indigestion. - ANSWER-Correct Answer(s): D
* The 55-year-old client (D) should be assessed first to rule out cardiac
involvement because jaw pain and indigestion are common descriptors of
myocardial injury. While severe back pain (A) may indicate a dissecting
abdominal aortic aneurysm, a 27-year-old client is less likely to be experiencing
cardiac syndrome. The client with foot and ankle pain (B) is not experiencing a
life-threatening condition. The client with pancreatitis (C) requires pain
management but this is not as high a priority as (D).
The nurse is caring for a client who is admitted with a hemorrhagic stroke.
Which nursing action should be included in the plan of care?
A) Perform active range of motion three times daily.
B) Monitor for Battle's sign every four hours.
C) Teach measures to avoid the Valsalva maneuver.
D) Maintain the head of bed in a flat position. - ANSWER-Correct Answer(s):
C
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS|| GUARANTEED
PASS|| ALREADY GRADED A+||
An 85-year-old male client comes to the clinic for his annual physical exam and
renewal of antihypertensive medication prescriptions. The client's radial pulse
rate is 104 beats/minute. Which additional assessment should the nurse
complete?
A) Palpate the pedal pulse volume.
B) Count the brachial pulse rate.
C) Measure the blood pressure.
D) Assess for a carotid bruit. - ANSWER-C) Measure the blood pressure.
* Elderly clients who take antihypertensive medications often experience side
effects, such as hypotension, which causes tachycardia, a compensatory
mechanism to maintain adequate cardiac output, so the client's blood pressure
(C) should be determined. (A, B, and D) are less likely to provide data related to
the client's tachycardia.
The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client with newly diagnosed
glacoma and a history of allergic rhinitis. Which information is most important
for the nurse to provide the client about using over-the-counter (OTC)
medications for allergies?
A) Notify your healthcare provider if there is an increase in heart rate.
B) Increase fluid intake while taking an antihistamine or decongestant.
C) Avoid allergy medications that contain pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine.
,D) Ophthalmic lubricating drops may be used for eye dryness due to allergy
medications. - ANSWER-C) Avoid allergy medications that contain
pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine.
* OTC allergy medications may contain ephedrine, phenylephrine, or
pseudoephedrine, which can cause adrenergic side effects, such as increased
intraocular pressure, so a client with glaucoma should avoid using these OTC
medications (C). A client with hypertension should avoid using OTC
medications containing ingredients that can increase blood pressure and heart
rate (A), but an increase in IOP is most important in a client with glaucoma. (B
and D) may provide symptomatic relief for other side effects, such as dry mouth
or eye dryness related to common agents used for allergic rhinits.
The nurse should explain to a client with lung cancer that pleurodesis is
performed to achieve which expected outcome?
A) Prevent the formation of effusion fluid.
B) Remove fluid from the intrapleural space.
C) Debulk tumor to maintain patency of air passages.
D) Relieve empyema after pneumonectomy. - ANSWER-A) Prevent the
formation of effusion fluid.
* Instillation of a sclerosing agent to create pleurodesis (adherence of the
parietal and visceral pleura) is aimed at preventing the formation of pleural
effusion fluid (A). (B) refers to thoracentesis. (C) is achieved by surgical
resection. (D) is treated by closed-chest drainage.
A female client with type 2 diabetes mellitus reports dysuria. Which assessment
finding is most important for the nurse to report to the healthcare provider?
A) Suprapubic pain and distention.
B) Bounding pulse at 100 beats/minute.
,C) Fingerstick glucose of 300 mg/dl.
D) Small vesicular perineal lesions. - ANSWER-C) Fingerstick glucose of 300
mg/dl.
* Elevated fingerstick glucose levels (C) spill glucose in the urine and provide a
medium for bacterial growth. (A, B, and D) should be reported, but the priority
(C) is to notify the healthcare provider for prescriptions to manage client to a
euglycemic level.
A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who is post-menopausal. Which
measure is most important for the nurse to include to prevent osteoporosis?
A) Take a multivitamin daily.
B) Use only low fat milk products.
C) Perform weight resistance exercises.
D) Bicycle for at least 3 miles every day. - ANSWER-C) Perform weight
resistance exercises.
* Weight bearing on the skeletal system stimulates bone formation, so
recommending weight resistance exercises (C) is most important in the
prevention of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women. Although (A, B, and D)
provide common health maintenance behaviors, weight bearing exercise
provides the best preventive measure in preventing calcium mobilization out of
the bone.
A client with acute appendicitis is experiencing anxiety and loss of sleep about
missing final examination week at college. Which outcome is most important
for the nurse to include in the plan of care?
A) Sleeping six to eight hours.
B) Achieve a sense of control.
C) Utilize problem solving skills.
, D) Increased focus of attention. - ANSWER-Correct Answer(s): B
* The experience of psychological discomfort may be as real as physical pain
for the client and should be seen as a priority in care. Because the client is
experiencing anxiety, achieving a sense of control is a key need (B) before (A,
C and D) are addressed.
Which client should the nurse assess first?
A) A 27-year-old complaining of severe back pain.
B) A 63-year-old complaining of foot and ankle pain.
C) A 49-year-old with pancreatitis complaining of unrelenting abdominal pain.
D) A 55-year-old newly admitted client complaining of jaw pain and
indigestion. - ANSWER-Correct Answer(s): D
* The 55-year-old client (D) should be assessed first to rule out cardiac
involvement because jaw pain and indigestion are common descriptors of
myocardial injury. While severe back pain (A) may indicate a dissecting
abdominal aortic aneurysm, a 27-year-old client is less likely to be experiencing
cardiac syndrome. The client with foot and ankle pain (B) is not experiencing a
life-threatening condition. The client with pancreatitis (C) requires pain
management but this is not as high a priority as (D).
The nurse is caring for a client who is admitted with a hemorrhagic stroke.
Which nursing action should be included in the plan of care?
A) Perform active range of motion three times daily.
B) Monitor for Battle's sign every four hours.
C) Teach measures to avoid the Valsalva maneuver.
D) Maintain the head of bed in a flat position. - ANSWER-Correct Answer(s):
C
