Pediatrics HESI PN Review, HESI PN
Obstetrics/Maternity Practice Exam,
Pediatrics HESI PN Review, Hesi Peds, PN
HESI Peds, Peds & Maternity HESI, HESI
Maternity/Pediatric Remediation
The practical nurse (PN) arrives at the playgrounds and sees a school-aged boy
who has eaten something he is allergic to and is demonstrating a stridor. Which
action should the PN implement first?
a) ask if the child is alone
b) call for an ambulance
c) mov the child to a different environment
d) determine what the child has eaten - Correct Answer-Answer: B
Rationale:
Food allergy hypersensitivity can cause an anaphylactic reaction that can occur
shortly after ingestion (5-30 minutes) or exposure to an allergen, and manifest
with hives, rash, flushing, asthmatic episode, or airway compromise, such as
stridor. The first action is to call for an ambulance (B) immediately, since the
condition may progress and become life-threatening. (A,C, and D) do not have the
same priority of (B).
A child who is admitted with acute abdominal pain and possible appendicitis.
Which action should the practical nurse (PN) implement for the child's abdominal
discomfort?
a) assist the child to any position of comfort.
b) give a saline enema to cleanse the bowel
c) lay a heating pad on the abdomen
d) place the bed in trendelenburg - Correct Answer-Answer: A
1
,Rationale:
Abdominal pain is a common childhood complaint, but this child should be
assisted to any position of comfort (A) that relieves the pain. (B and D) are
contraindicated with possible appendicitis and increase the risk of ruptured
appendix. If the appendix should rupture, (C) increases the spread of the
infection.
A child is admitted for observation following a closed head injury. Which
assessment is most essential for the practical nues (PN) to monitor for an early
sign of a worsening condition?
a) level of consciousness
b) posturing
c) focal neurologic signs
d) vital signs - Correct Answer-Answer: A
Rationale:
Following a head injury, determining a change in the child's LOC (A) provides the
first indication that a progression of the injury is possible. (C) is a symptom of
advanced neurologic insult. Alterations in consciousness appear earlier than
alterations of (B and D).
A 3 year old boy with cerebral palsy (CP) has difficulty swallowing, cannot hold a
utensil, and is slightly underweight for his height. Which action should the
practical nurse implement when feeding this child?
a) put the child in a well-supported semi-reclining position
b) offer a specialized formula per tube feeding
c) place the child in a sitting position with the neck hyperextended
d) stabilize the child's jaw with the caregiver's hand - Correct Answer-Answer: D
Rationale:
A child with CP should be fed in an upright, eating position, and manual stability
of the oral mechanisms during swallowing should be provided to minimize the risk
2
,of aspiration. Hold the child's jaw (D) from the side or front of the face assists
with head control, correction of the neck and trunk hyperextension, and jaw
stabilization. (A, B, and C) are not indicated.
Which of Freud's psychosexual development stages occurs during a toddler's
growth and development?
a) anal
b) oral
c) genital
d) phallic - Correct Answer-Answer: A
Rationale:
According to Freud's theory, the anal stage (A_, 1-3 years of age, focuses on toilet
training and learning to delay immediate gratification. Oral gratification(B) occurs
from birth to one year of age. (C) The stage of genital awareness & exploration.
(D) The stage of sexual identity and expression in adolescence.
Using Freud's theory, the practical nurse should expect a 2 year old boy to
demonstrate the behaviors of which stage?
a) phallic
b) anal
c) latency
d) oral - Correct Answer-Answer: B
Rationale:
The anal phase (B) defines the behaviors of a toddler, ages 1-3 years, who begins
to develop sphincter control and the ability to control the release of feces.
Success in this stage results in a sense of autonomy. The oral phase (D), ages birth
to 1 year, is the stage of learning to relate to others without excessive jealously,
dependency, and the development of trust and sense of self-reliance. Phallic
phase (A), ages 3-7 years, is an age r/t formation of an identity focuses on
sexuality or the genitalia. Success in this stage results in mastery over internal
processes and impulses. Latency, ages 7 years to puberty, is a stage of
3
, development where one's attention is turned toward learning and successful
achieving the ability to delay gratification.
The practical nurse (PN) is caring a 6 year old who is hospitalized with asthma.
Which developmentally correct activity should the PN provide the child?
a) an audio cassette and player
b) crayons and a coloring book
c) a ball to throw into a basket
d) a 1000 piece jigsaw puzzle - Correct Answer-Answer: B
Painting, drawing, playing computer games, and modeling allow children to
practice and improve newly refined skills, so crayons and a coloring book (B) are
an age appropriate activity for a 6 year old child who is hospitalized with asthma.
A 1000 piece puzzle (D) requires conceptualization of a bigger picture, which a 6
year old may not be able to conceptualize. Throwing a soft foam ball (C) around
the room stresses the oxygen demand for the child with acute asthma and poses
a safety issue with equipment in a hospital room if unsupervised. An audio
cassette play (A) may not provide the best diversion for a 6 year old.
A child is prescribed radiographs of the hand and wrist. The child's parent asks the
practical nurse (PN) the purpose of this procedure. What finding should the PN
explain is provided by the diagnostic study?
a) skeletal age
b) linear growth
c) external proportions
d) neurologic maturation - Correct Answer-Answer: A
Rationale:
Skeletal age (A) can be determined with radiologic examinations that analysis
carpal bones maturity and degree of ossification, which is most useful for
determining skeletal age before 6 years of age. (B, C, and D) do not describe the
correct rationale for this procedure.
4
Obstetrics/Maternity Practice Exam,
Pediatrics HESI PN Review, Hesi Peds, PN
HESI Peds, Peds & Maternity HESI, HESI
Maternity/Pediatric Remediation
The practical nurse (PN) arrives at the playgrounds and sees a school-aged boy
who has eaten something he is allergic to and is demonstrating a stridor. Which
action should the PN implement first?
a) ask if the child is alone
b) call for an ambulance
c) mov the child to a different environment
d) determine what the child has eaten - Correct Answer-Answer: B
Rationale:
Food allergy hypersensitivity can cause an anaphylactic reaction that can occur
shortly after ingestion (5-30 minutes) or exposure to an allergen, and manifest
with hives, rash, flushing, asthmatic episode, or airway compromise, such as
stridor. The first action is to call for an ambulance (B) immediately, since the
condition may progress and become life-threatening. (A,C, and D) do not have the
same priority of (B).
A child who is admitted with acute abdominal pain and possible appendicitis.
Which action should the practical nurse (PN) implement for the child's abdominal
discomfort?
a) assist the child to any position of comfort.
b) give a saline enema to cleanse the bowel
c) lay a heating pad on the abdomen
d) place the bed in trendelenburg - Correct Answer-Answer: A
1
,Rationale:
Abdominal pain is a common childhood complaint, but this child should be
assisted to any position of comfort (A) that relieves the pain. (B and D) are
contraindicated with possible appendicitis and increase the risk of ruptured
appendix. If the appendix should rupture, (C) increases the spread of the
infection.
A child is admitted for observation following a closed head injury. Which
assessment is most essential for the practical nues (PN) to monitor for an early
sign of a worsening condition?
a) level of consciousness
b) posturing
c) focal neurologic signs
d) vital signs - Correct Answer-Answer: A
Rationale:
Following a head injury, determining a change in the child's LOC (A) provides the
first indication that a progression of the injury is possible. (C) is a symptom of
advanced neurologic insult. Alterations in consciousness appear earlier than
alterations of (B and D).
A 3 year old boy with cerebral palsy (CP) has difficulty swallowing, cannot hold a
utensil, and is slightly underweight for his height. Which action should the
practical nurse implement when feeding this child?
a) put the child in a well-supported semi-reclining position
b) offer a specialized formula per tube feeding
c) place the child in a sitting position with the neck hyperextended
d) stabilize the child's jaw with the caregiver's hand - Correct Answer-Answer: D
Rationale:
A child with CP should be fed in an upright, eating position, and manual stability
of the oral mechanisms during swallowing should be provided to minimize the risk
2
,of aspiration. Hold the child's jaw (D) from the side or front of the face assists
with head control, correction of the neck and trunk hyperextension, and jaw
stabilization. (A, B, and C) are not indicated.
Which of Freud's psychosexual development stages occurs during a toddler's
growth and development?
a) anal
b) oral
c) genital
d) phallic - Correct Answer-Answer: A
Rationale:
According to Freud's theory, the anal stage (A_, 1-3 years of age, focuses on toilet
training and learning to delay immediate gratification. Oral gratification(B) occurs
from birth to one year of age. (C) The stage of genital awareness & exploration.
(D) The stage of sexual identity and expression in adolescence.
Using Freud's theory, the practical nurse should expect a 2 year old boy to
demonstrate the behaviors of which stage?
a) phallic
b) anal
c) latency
d) oral - Correct Answer-Answer: B
Rationale:
The anal phase (B) defines the behaviors of a toddler, ages 1-3 years, who begins
to develop sphincter control and the ability to control the release of feces.
Success in this stage results in a sense of autonomy. The oral phase (D), ages birth
to 1 year, is the stage of learning to relate to others without excessive jealously,
dependency, and the development of trust and sense of self-reliance. Phallic
phase (A), ages 3-7 years, is an age r/t formation of an identity focuses on
sexuality or the genitalia. Success in this stage results in mastery over internal
processes and impulses. Latency, ages 7 years to puberty, is a stage of
3
, development where one's attention is turned toward learning and successful
achieving the ability to delay gratification.
The practical nurse (PN) is caring a 6 year old who is hospitalized with asthma.
Which developmentally correct activity should the PN provide the child?
a) an audio cassette and player
b) crayons and a coloring book
c) a ball to throw into a basket
d) a 1000 piece jigsaw puzzle - Correct Answer-Answer: B
Painting, drawing, playing computer games, and modeling allow children to
practice and improve newly refined skills, so crayons and a coloring book (B) are
an age appropriate activity for a 6 year old child who is hospitalized with asthma.
A 1000 piece puzzle (D) requires conceptualization of a bigger picture, which a 6
year old may not be able to conceptualize. Throwing a soft foam ball (C) around
the room stresses the oxygen demand for the child with acute asthma and poses
a safety issue with equipment in a hospital room if unsupervised. An audio
cassette play (A) may not provide the best diversion for a 6 year old.
A child is prescribed radiographs of the hand and wrist. The child's parent asks the
practical nurse (PN) the purpose of this procedure. What finding should the PN
explain is provided by the diagnostic study?
a) skeletal age
b) linear growth
c) external proportions
d) neurologic maturation - Correct Answer-Answer: A
Rationale:
Skeletal age (A) can be determined with radiologic examinations that analysis
carpal bones maturity and degree of ossification, which is most useful for
determining skeletal age before 6 years of age. (B, C, and D) do not describe the
correct rationale for this procedure.
4
