AZ036 - CONTENT KNOWLEDGE EXAM STUDY
GUIDE
Cooperative Play - Answers - Play in organized groups with a common purpose or goal
(ages 4 & up)
Associative Play - Answers - Intentional playing with others, but play is unorganized,
and goals are individualized (ages 3-4)
Parallel Play - Answers - Not playing with each other, but next to each other w/ similar
materials (2-3 years)
Onlooker Play - Answers - Children will watch other children play but not actively
engage in playing w/ others (2 year olds)
Solitary Play - Answers - Children play alone; uninterested in what others around them
are doing (britih-2 years old)
Commensalistic Relationship - Answers - one organism benefits, one is unaffected (EX:
barnacles on whales)
Parasitic Relationship - Answers - parasite benefits, host is harmed (EX: tape worms in
animals)
Intertester Reliability - Answers - assessment's consistency of results between multiple
test-takers at the same level (similar levels should mean similar results)
Industry vs Inferiority (Erikson) - Answers - Mastery & pride in completing a task; striving
to succeed and seeking approval/acceptance (6-11 years old)
B.F Skinner - Answers - Behaviorism (studied effect of reinforcement and punishment)
Phonology - Answers - production and recognition of sounds
Face Validity - Answers - initial impression of whether an assessment seems to be fit for
a task (subjective; not used as single form of validity)
Construct Validity - Answers - Asks if an assessment actually assess what it intended to
assess
Game Stage - Answers - (Mead) Stage 3: understands own role and role of others in a
game; can participate in complex activities w/ structured rules
,Choice Theory - Answers - (William Glasser) 5 basic needs: survival, love, belonging,
power, freedom & fun
Insecure & Avoidant Attached Children - Answers - show no separation anxiety or
stranger anxiety & little interest in reunions w/ their mother; are comforted equally by
mother or stranger
Restful Activities - Answers - Help process and retention of new concepts (EX: nap
time, meditation, reflection, reading time)
Real Numbers - Answers - All rational and irrational numbers (may or may not be
cardinal numbers)
Naturalistic Learning - Answers - Child controls choices and actions; Spontaneously
initiated in everyday activities.
Dyslexia - Answers - reversing letters/words, confusing similar speech sounds and
perceiving space between words (most common subcategory of specific learning
disabilities)
Communication (Science Process Skill) - Answers - Using observations, classifications
and measurements to report experimental reports to others
Inference (Science Process Skill) - Answers - Finding patterns and meaning in
experiment results (must be differentiated from objective observations)
Inter-rater Reliability - Answers - Consistency between different administrations of the
test
Patterns - Answers - things that reoccur or are repeated regularly
Measurement of Time - Answers - use counting to track passage of time; concrete
references (after lunch) and progress to abstractions (today)
Relationships - Answers - Connections or associations between things that are
identified and/or described using logic or reasoning
Biotic Factors - Answers - living organisms within an ecosystem (includes interactions
between/among various organisms)
Phonics Instruction - Answers - similar sounds/looks should be taught separately to
avoid confusion; no set rate (reasonable pace is 2-4 a week)
Language Experience Approach (LEA) - Answers - 1) Class choses topic to discuss w/
guidance
, 2) Students take a turn saying sentence to progress the conversation (teacher writes
exactly what they say)
3) Every few turns teacher will read what is written for accuracy
4) Teacher points to each word as it is said aloud (students given a copy of
conversation)
Maternal use of Cocaine (Pregnancy) - Answers - Causes severe & profound
intellectual disabilities and many other developmental defects
Maternal Alcohol Use (Pregnancy) - Answers - can cause fetal alcohol
syndrome/intellectual disabilities
Mutualistic Relationship - Answers - both organisms benefit (EX: bacteria helping
termites digest wood)
Prediction (Science Process Skill) - Answers - Using experimental experience to
formulate new hypothesis (differentiated from objective observations)
Congenital Cytomegalovirus (CMV) - Answers - the most frequently occurring viral
infection in newborns; can result in a variety of disabilities, especially hearing
impairment (90% are asymptomatic)
Assertive Discipline Theory - Answers - (Lee & Marlene Canter) teacher establishes
clear behavior standards to protect the right of teaching and learning
Parallel-Forms Reliability - Answers - consistency between multiple different forms
Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) - Answers - x-linked genetic trait that impairs metabolism
of very long fatty acids which build up in the nervous system (affects males more
seriously)
Tuberous Schlerosis - Answers - produces tumors damaging the heart, kidneys, skin,
brain, and nervous system (caused by genetic mutations)
Galactosemia - Answers - inability to produce galactose (build up damages the liver,
eyes, kidneys and brain)
Passivity vs. Activity - Answers - Passivity = development being influenced by outside
forces
Activity = development influenced by the child and their response to outside factors
Behaviorist Theory - Answers - Children learn what behaviors result in rewards or
punishment (behavior patterns emerge)
Hunter, Hurter & Sanfilippo Syndrome - Answers - all cause an inability to process
mucopolysaccharides and glycosaminoglycans (long sugars)
GUIDE
Cooperative Play - Answers - Play in organized groups with a common purpose or goal
(ages 4 & up)
Associative Play - Answers - Intentional playing with others, but play is unorganized,
and goals are individualized (ages 3-4)
Parallel Play - Answers - Not playing with each other, but next to each other w/ similar
materials (2-3 years)
Onlooker Play - Answers - Children will watch other children play but not actively
engage in playing w/ others (2 year olds)
Solitary Play - Answers - Children play alone; uninterested in what others around them
are doing (britih-2 years old)
Commensalistic Relationship - Answers - one organism benefits, one is unaffected (EX:
barnacles on whales)
Parasitic Relationship - Answers - parasite benefits, host is harmed (EX: tape worms in
animals)
Intertester Reliability - Answers - assessment's consistency of results between multiple
test-takers at the same level (similar levels should mean similar results)
Industry vs Inferiority (Erikson) - Answers - Mastery & pride in completing a task; striving
to succeed and seeking approval/acceptance (6-11 years old)
B.F Skinner - Answers - Behaviorism (studied effect of reinforcement and punishment)
Phonology - Answers - production and recognition of sounds
Face Validity - Answers - initial impression of whether an assessment seems to be fit for
a task (subjective; not used as single form of validity)
Construct Validity - Answers - Asks if an assessment actually assess what it intended to
assess
Game Stage - Answers - (Mead) Stage 3: understands own role and role of others in a
game; can participate in complex activities w/ structured rules
,Choice Theory - Answers - (William Glasser) 5 basic needs: survival, love, belonging,
power, freedom & fun
Insecure & Avoidant Attached Children - Answers - show no separation anxiety or
stranger anxiety & little interest in reunions w/ their mother; are comforted equally by
mother or stranger
Restful Activities - Answers - Help process and retention of new concepts (EX: nap
time, meditation, reflection, reading time)
Real Numbers - Answers - All rational and irrational numbers (may or may not be
cardinal numbers)
Naturalistic Learning - Answers - Child controls choices and actions; Spontaneously
initiated in everyday activities.
Dyslexia - Answers - reversing letters/words, confusing similar speech sounds and
perceiving space between words (most common subcategory of specific learning
disabilities)
Communication (Science Process Skill) - Answers - Using observations, classifications
and measurements to report experimental reports to others
Inference (Science Process Skill) - Answers - Finding patterns and meaning in
experiment results (must be differentiated from objective observations)
Inter-rater Reliability - Answers - Consistency between different administrations of the
test
Patterns - Answers - things that reoccur or are repeated regularly
Measurement of Time - Answers - use counting to track passage of time; concrete
references (after lunch) and progress to abstractions (today)
Relationships - Answers - Connections or associations between things that are
identified and/or described using logic or reasoning
Biotic Factors - Answers - living organisms within an ecosystem (includes interactions
between/among various organisms)
Phonics Instruction - Answers - similar sounds/looks should be taught separately to
avoid confusion; no set rate (reasonable pace is 2-4 a week)
Language Experience Approach (LEA) - Answers - 1) Class choses topic to discuss w/
guidance
, 2) Students take a turn saying sentence to progress the conversation (teacher writes
exactly what they say)
3) Every few turns teacher will read what is written for accuracy
4) Teacher points to each word as it is said aloud (students given a copy of
conversation)
Maternal use of Cocaine (Pregnancy) - Answers - Causes severe & profound
intellectual disabilities and many other developmental defects
Maternal Alcohol Use (Pregnancy) - Answers - can cause fetal alcohol
syndrome/intellectual disabilities
Mutualistic Relationship - Answers - both organisms benefit (EX: bacteria helping
termites digest wood)
Prediction (Science Process Skill) - Answers - Using experimental experience to
formulate new hypothesis (differentiated from objective observations)
Congenital Cytomegalovirus (CMV) - Answers - the most frequently occurring viral
infection in newborns; can result in a variety of disabilities, especially hearing
impairment (90% are asymptomatic)
Assertive Discipline Theory - Answers - (Lee & Marlene Canter) teacher establishes
clear behavior standards to protect the right of teaching and learning
Parallel-Forms Reliability - Answers - consistency between multiple different forms
Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) - Answers - x-linked genetic trait that impairs metabolism
of very long fatty acids which build up in the nervous system (affects males more
seriously)
Tuberous Schlerosis - Answers - produces tumors damaging the heart, kidneys, skin,
brain, and nervous system (caused by genetic mutations)
Galactosemia - Answers - inability to produce galactose (build up damages the liver,
eyes, kidneys and brain)
Passivity vs. Activity - Answers - Passivity = development being influenced by outside
forces
Activity = development influenced by the child and their response to outside factors
Behaviorist Theory - Answers - Children learn what behaviors result in rewards or
punishment (behavior patterns emerge)
Hunter, Hurter & Sanfilippo Syndrome - Answers - all cause an inability to process
mucopolysaccharides and glycosaminoglycans (long sugars)
