RRT LATEST EXAM PREP QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS PDF 2026
▶ chest xray for chronic bronchitis patients. Answer: translucent (dark)
lung fields, depressed or flattened diaphragms, possibly hypertrophy of
right ventricle
▶ pulmonary function for emphysema patients. Answer: decreased flow
rates, decreased DLco
▶ pulmonary function for chronic bronchitis. Answer: decreased flow rates,
normal DLco normal
▶ CBC for emphysema. Answer: increased RBC/HB/Hct in late stages
▶ CBC for chronic bronchitis. Answer: increased RBC/HB/Hct in early and
late stages
▶ sputum for emphysema patients. Answer: normal
▶ sputum for chronic bronchitis patients. Answer: often shows:
streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis
▶ treatment for emphysema or chronic bronchitis. Answer: 1) low flow
oxygen therapy: nasal cannula at 1-2 l/m or 24-28% air entrainment mask
2) bronchodilators
3) inhaled corticosteroids
4) NPPV for accute exacerbations
▶ Bronchiectasis definition. Answer: chronic dilation and distortion of one
or more bronchi as a result of excessive inflammation and destruction of
bronchial walls, blood vessels, elastic tissue and smooth muscle. results in
impaired mucociliary clearance causing accumulation of copious amounts
of bronchial secretions
, ▶ Bronchiectasis involvement. Answer: 1) one or both lungs may be
involved
2) commonly limited to a lobe or segment
3) frequently found in lower lobes
4) can create an obstructive or restrictive pattern, or a combination of both
▶ Etiology of bronchiectasis. Answer: 1) not always clear in >60% of
cases
2) acquired
3) congenital (50% of cases from CF and 20% form kartagener's
syndrome)
▶ past medical history of bronchiectasis. Answer: recurrent pulmonary
infections, CF, kartagener's syndome
▶ cough in bronchiectasis patients. Answer: productive with purulent foul
smelling sputum, hemoptysis and three layer sputum, may be blood
streaked
▶ appearance of chest in bronchiectasis. Answer: barrel chest, increased
ap diameter
▶ respiratory pattern of bronchiectasis. Answer: accessory muscle usage
▶ color in bronchiectasis patients. Answer: cyanotic
▶ diagnostic chest percussion in bronchiectasis. Answer: hyperresonant/
tympanic note
▶ breath sounds in bronchiectasis patients. Answer: wheezing, diminished
breath sounds
▶ chest xray on bronchiectasis patients. Answer: hyperlucent lung fields,
depressed or flattened diaphragm, enlarged heart
▶ sputum on bronchiectasis patients. Answer: may indicate infection
▶ special diagnostic tests for bronchiectasis. Answer: CT scan
AND ANSWERS PDF 2026
▶ chest xray for chronic bronchitis patients. Answer: translucent (dark)
lung fields, depressed or flattened diaphragms, possibly hypertrophy of
right ventricle
▶ pulmonary function for emphysema patients. Answer: decreased flow
rates, decreased DLco
▶ pulmonary function for chronic bronchitis. Answer: decreased flow rates,
normal DLco normal
▶ CBC for emphysema. Answer: increased RBC/HB/Hct in late stages
▶ CBC for chronic bronchitis. Answer: increased RBC/HB/Hct in early and
late stages
▶ sputum for emphysema patients. Answer: normal
▶ sputum for chronic bronchitis patients. Answer: often shows:
streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis
▶ treatment for emphysema or chronic bronchitis. Answer: 1) low flow
oxygen therapy: nasal cannula at 1-2 l/m or 24-28% air entrainment mask
2) bronchodilators
3) inhaled corticosteroids
4) NPPV for accute exacerbations
▶ Bronchiectasis definition. Answer: chronic dilation and distortion of one
or more bronchi as a result of excessive inflammation and destruction of
bronchial walls, blood vessels, elastic tissue and smooth muscle. results in
impaired mucociliary clearance causing accumulation of copious amounts
of bronchial secretions
, ▶ Bronchiectasis involvement. Answer: 1) one or both lungs may be
involved
2) commonly limited to a lobe or segment
3) frequently found in lower lobes
4) can create an obstructive or restrictive pattern, or a combination of both
▶ Etiology of bronchiectasis. Answer: 1) not always clear in >60% of
cases
2) acquired
3) congenital (50% of cases from CF and 20% form kartagener's
syndrome)
▶ past medical history of bronchiectasis. Answer: recurrent pulmonary
infections, CF, kartagener's syndome
▶ cough in bronchiectasis patients. Answer: productive with purulent foul
smelling sputum, hemoptysis and three layer sputum, may be blood
streaked
▶ appearance of chest in bronchiectasis. Answer: barrel chest, increased
ap diameter
▶ respiratory pattern of bronchiectasis. Answer: accessory muscle usage
▶ color in bronchiectasis patients. Answer: cyanotic
▶ diagnostic chest percussion in bronchiectasis. Answer: hyperresonant/
tympanic note
▶ breath sounds in bronchiectasis patients. Answer: wheezing, diminished
breath sounds
▶ chest xray on bronchiectasis patients. Answer: hyperlucent lung fields,
depressed or flattened diaphragm, enlarged heart
▶ sputum on bronchiectasis patients. Answer: may indicate infection
▶ special diagnostic tests for bronchiectasis. Answer: CT scan
