5/1/26, 8:50 Praxis 5005, Praxis II Science 5005
PM
Praxis II Science 5005 (Praxis 5005) Exam – 544 Questions and
Correct Answers, Biology, Earth Science, Astronomy & Exam Prep
Notes.
Mantle Thick Layer surrounding Earth's outer core
Inner Core The most inside layer of the Earth
Outer Core Closet to the Inner Core
Crust The most outside layer of the Earth
Nitrogen & Oxygen The two gasses that compose the majority of the
Earth's Atmosphere
Schist Metamorphic Rock
Convergent Mountains most likely to form along which type of
plate boundary
The shape of the Milky Way can be A spiral disk
described as...
What is the moon's position relative to The moon and sun are on opposite sides of the
Earth during a lunar Eclipse? earth
Metaphase Phase Phase of mitosis when the duplicated chromosomes
line up along the equatorial plate of the spindle
Brainstem The structure responsible for regulating basic
functions of the respiration and heartbeat
Heredity and experience A behavioral response from an organism is
determined by what two factors?
23 Pairs of Chromosomes Number of pairs of chromosomes are within a
typical cell in a human body
High salinity of sea water causes Why can't people drink sea water?
tissues to become dehydrated due
to osmotic diffusion of water from
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,5/1/26, 8:50 Praxis 5005, Praxis II Science 5005
PM
within the cells
Kingdom Highest level on the biological classification scale.
ALL living creatures are classified as part of the
Kingdom.
Phylum Splits animals by major characteristics. Vertebrates
(fish, mammals) are in the Chordata Phylum.
Class Distinguishes further. Fish are divided into
Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish) and
Osteichthyes (bony fish).
Order Further differentiates by physical characteristics.
Family Follows on from order by placing into groups by
further physical characteristics. Ex: cod, coalfish,
pollock and whiting are all members of the Gadidae
family, and share features such as all having three
dorsal fins.
Genus Further, final breakdown. Ex: Cod are in Gadus
Genus to differentiate them form the other fish in
the Gadidae family.
Species The final step and pinpoints the exact creature.
Half life Time required for half the atoms of a particular
substance to disintegrate is know as
Producers Plants are producers because they produce their
own food
Consumers Animals are called consumers. They cannot make
their own food, so they eat plants and/or animals
Decomposers Bacteria and fungi.. They eat decaying matter -
dead plants and animals and in the process they
break them down and decompose them when that
happens, the release nutrients and minerals back
into the soil.
Herbivores Animals that only eat plants
Carnivores Animals that eat only animals
Omnivores Animals that eat both plants and animals
2/51
,5/1/26, 8:50 Praxis 5005, Praxis II Science 5005
PM
Mass Has the least affect ion a compound's tendency to
change state
Fission Releasing atomic energy by bombarding a dense
element with neutrons and splitting its nucleus
UV Radiation Shortest wavelength
Lithification Process where sediments are compacted and
cemented into sedimentary rock
Lithosphere "Rock sphere" is the ground you are standing on
and the whole inside of the earth
Hydrosphere "Water sphere" includes all of the rivers, lakes and
oceans of earth
Cyrosphere "Icy cold sphere" the frozen part of earth: glaciers,
icebergs at sea, huge icecaps in Greenland and
Antartica
Biosphere "Life Sphere" includes all living things: trees, birds,
flies, viruses, pets, and humans etc.
Atmosphere "Air sphere" is the envelope of air that surrounds
the whole earth
The Exo- or Celestial Sphere "Outside of heavenly sphere" includes the whole
universe beyond the top of the atmosphere-- the
sun, moon, and starts, etc.
Colorado River Body of water most likely to have the lowest salinity
level
Elliptical Kepler's First Law of Planetary motion the orbit of
every planet is...
When the moon & sun's are aligned The following scenario where it's most likely to
they have the most pull produce the most extreme tides
Ribosomes Parts of an animal cell deal primarily with
synthesizing protein chains
Ferns need what to reproduce? Moisture to reproduce
3/51
, 5/1/26, 8:50 Praxis 5005, Praxis II Science 5005
PM
Negative ions are made up of.. 1 proton, 1 neutron, and 2 electrons
Planet Alignment: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus,
Neptune
Parts of the sun: Core - Fusions take
place Photosphere -
surface of the sun
Chromosphere- Hydrogen gas causes
portion to be red, (solar fares) Corona-
Transparent area of the sun visible only
during total Eclipse
Magnitude Stars Twenty-one of the brightest starts that can be seen
from Earth
Black Holes Objects that have collapses to such a degree that
light cannot escape from the surface
Comets Masses of frozen gases, cosmic dust, and small
rocky particles
Moon Phases New Moon
Waxing
Crescent
First
Quarter
Waxing
Gibbous
Full Moon
Waning
Gibbous
Last
Quarter
Waning
Crescent
Living things: Made up of cells: they grow, respond to stimuli,
are are capable of reproduction Must adapt to
environmental changes
Carry on metabolic processes: they use and make
energy
Mitochondria The powerhouse of the cell, where the cell get's all
it's energy from
Aerobic Respiration Uses oxygen to release energy
4/51
PM
Praxis II Science 5005 (Praxis 5005) Exam – 544 Questions and
Correct Answers, Biology, Earth Science, Astronomy & Exam Prep
Notes.
Mantle Thick Layer surrounding Earth's outer core
Inner Core The most inside layer of the Earth
Outer Core Closet to the Inner Core
Crust The most outside layer of the Earth
Nitrogen & Oxygen The two gasses that compose the majority of the
Earth's Atmosphere
Schist Metamorphic Rock
Convergent Mountains most likely to form along which type of
plate boundary
The shape of the Milky Way can be A spiral disk
described as...
What is the moon's position relative to The moon and sun are on opposite sides of the
Earth during a lunar Eclipse? earth
Metaphase Phase Phase of mitosis when the duplicated chromosomes
line up along the equatorial plate of the spindle
Brainstem The structure responsible for regulating basic
functions of the respiration and heartbeat
Heredity and experience A behavioral response from an organism is
determined by what two factors?
23 Pairs of Chromosomes Number of pairs of chromosomes are within a
typical cell in a human body
High salinity of sea water causes Why can't people drink sea water?
tissues to become dehydrated due
to osmotic diffusion of water from
1/51
,5/1/26, 8:50 Praxis 5005, Praxis II Science 5005
PM
within the cells
Kingdom Highest level on the biological classification scale.
ALL living creatures are classified as part of the
Kingdom.
Phylum Splits animals by major characteristics. Vertebrates
(fish, mammals) are in the Chordata Phylum.
Class Distinguishes further. Fish are divided into
Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish) and
Osteichthyes (bony fish).
Order Further differentiates by physical characteristics.
Family Follows on from order by placing into groups by
further physical characteristics. Ex: cod, coalfish,
pollock and whiting are all members of the Gadidae
family, and share features such as all having three
dorsal fins.
Genus Further, final breakdown. Ex: Cod are in Gadus
Genus to differentiate them form the other fish in
the Gadidae family.
Species The final step and pinpoints the exact creature.
Half life Time required for half the atoms of a particular
substance to disintegrate is know as
Producers Plants are producers because they produce their
own food
Consumers Animals are called consumers. They cannot make
their own food, so they eat plants and/or animals
Decomposers Bacteria and fungi.. They eat decaying matter -
dead plants and animals and in the process they
break them down and decompose them when that
happens, the release nutrients and minerals back
into the soil.
Herbivores Animals that only eat plants
Carnivores Animals that eat only animals
Omnivores Animals that eat both plants and animals
2/51
,5/1/26, 8:50 Praxis 5005, Praxis II Science 5005
PM
Mass Has the least affect ion a compound's tendency to
change state
Fission Releasing atomic energy by bombarding a dense
element with neutrons and splitting its nucleus
UV Radiation Shortest wavelength
Lithification Process where sediments are compacted and
cemented into sedimentary rock
Lithosphere "Rock sphere" is the ground you are standing on
and the whole inside of the earth
Hydrosphere "Water sphere" includes all of the rivers, lakes and
oceans of earth
Cyrosphere "Icy cold sphere" the frozen part of earth: glaciers,
icebergs at sea, huge icecaps in Greenland and
Antartica
Biosphere "Life Sphere" includes all living things: trees, birds,
flies, viruses, pets, and humans etc.
Atmosphere "Air sphere" is the envelope of air that surrounds
the whole earth
The Exo- or Celestial Sphere "Outside of heavenly sphere" includes the whole
universe beyond the top of the atmosphere-- the
sun, moon, and starts, etc.
Colorado River Body of water most likely to have the lowest salinity
level
Elliptical Kepler's First Law of Planetary motion the orbit of
every planet is...
When the moon & sun's are aligned The following scenario where it's most likely to
they have the most pull produce the most extreme tides
Ribosomes Parts of an animal cell deal primarily with
synthesizing protein chains
Ferns need what to reproduce? Moisture to reproduce
3/51
, 5/1/26, 8:50 Praxis 5005, Praxis II Science 5005
PM
Negative ions are made up of.. 1 proton, 1 neutron, and 2 electrons
Planet Alignment: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus,
Neptune
Parts of the sun: Core - Fusions take
place Photosphere -
surface of the sun
Chromosphere- Hydrogen gas causes
portion to be red, (solar fares) Corona-
Transparent area of the sun visible only
during total Eclipse
Magnitude Stars Twenty-one of the brightest starts that can be seen
from Earth
Black Holes Objects that have collapses to such a degree that
light cannot escape from the surface
Comets Masses of frozen gases, cosmic dust, and small
rocky particles
Moon Phases New Moon
Waxing
Crescent
First
Quarter
Waxing
Gibbous
Full Moon
Waning
Gibbous
Last
Quarter
Waning
Crescent
Living things: Made up of cells: they grow, respond to stimuli,
are are capable of reproduction Must adapt to
environmental changes
Carry on metabolic processes: they use and make
energy
Mitochondria The powerhouse of the cell, where the cell get's all
it's energy from
Aerobic Respiration Uses oxygen to release energy
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