COSC 275 EXAM 1 REVIEW
Estimating---ans-✔✔The-process-of-determining-the-anticipated-cost-of-materials,-
labor,-and-equipment-of-a-proposed-project.
Take-off---ans-✔✔The-process-in-which-detailed-lists-are-compiled,-based-on-
drawings-and-specifications,-of-all-the-material-and-equipment-necessary-to-construct-
a-project.-The-cost-estimator-uses-this-list-to-calculate-how-much-it-will-cost-to-build-
the-project.
Quantities---ans-✔✔Measured-amounts-of-construction-items-expressed-in-their-
customary-units.
Quantification---ans-✔✔In-estimating-an-activity-to-translate-project-scope-information-
into-resource-quantities-suitable-for-costing.-In-the-engineering-and-construction-
industry,-a-takeoff-is-a-specific-type-of-quantification-that-is-a-measurement-and-listing-
of-quantities-of-materials-from-drawings.
Quantity-Survey---ans-✔✔A-detailed-analysis-of-material-and-equipment-required-to-
construct-a-project.
Area---ans-✔✔A-measurement-of-a-given-planar-region-or-of-the-surface-of-a-solid
Area-Method---ans-✔✔A-construction-cost-estimating-system-employing-unit-square-
foot-costs-multiplied-by-the-adjusted-gross-floor-area-of-a-building.
Length---ans-✔✔the-longest-dimension-of-an-object
Linear-Measurement---ans-✔✔A-unit-or-systems-of-units-for-measuring-length
Dimension---ans-✔✔A-distance-between-two-points,-lines,-or-planes
Specifications---ans-✔✔Documents-that-define-the-quualitative-requirements-for-
products,-materials,-and-workmanship-upon-which-the-contract-for-construction-is-
based
, Drawings---ans-✔✔Graphic-illustrations-depicting-the-dimensions,-design,-and-
location-of-a-project.-Generally-including-plans,-elevations,-details,-diagrams,-
schedules,-and-sections.
Addendum---ans-✔✔A-document-describing-an-addition-change,-correction,-or-
modification-to-contract-documents.-Issued-by-the-design-professional-during-the-
bidding-period-or-prior-to-the-award-of-contract,-and-is-the-primary-method-of-
informing-bidders-of-modifications-to-the-work-during-the-bidding-process.-Addenda-
become-part-of-the-contract-documents.
Amendment---ans-✔✔A-modification-of-the-contract-by-a-subsequent-agreement.-This-
does-not-change-the-entire-existing-contract-but-does-alter-the-terms-of-the-affected-
provisions-or-requirements
Grade---ans-✔✔The-surface-or-level-of-the-ground
Level---ans-✔✔A-term-used-to-describe-any-horizontal-surface-that-has-all-points-at-
the-same-elevation-and-thus-does-not-tilt-or-slope
Site---ans-✔✔The-location-of-a-project-geographically,-usually-defined-by-legal-
boundaries
Elevation---ans-✔✔A-vertical-distance-relative-to-a-reference-point
Cut-and-Fill---ans-✔✔An-operation-commonly-used-in-road-building-and-other-rock-
and-earthmoving-operations-in-which-the-material-excavated-and-removed-from-one-
location-is-used-as-fill-material-at-another-location.
Fill---ans-✔✔The-soil-or-other-material-used-to-raise-the-grade-of-a-site-area
Foundation---ans-✔✔The-entire-masonry-substructure-below-the-first-floor-or-frame-of-
a-building,-including-the-footing-upon-which-the-building-rests.
Grade-Beam---ans-✔✔A-horizontal-end-supported-(as-opposed-to-ground-supported)-
load-bearing-foundation-member-that-supports-an-exterior-wall-of-a-superstructure
Width---ans-✔✔The-measurement-associated-with-an-object's-side-to-side-dimension.
Footing---ans-✔✔That-portion-of-the-foundation-of-a-structure-that-spreads-and-
transmits-the-load-directly-to-the-soil
Reinforced-Concrete---ans-✔✔Concrete-containing-adequate-reinforcement,-
prestressed-or-not-prestressed,-and-designed-on-the-assumption-that-the-two-
materials-(steel-and-concrete)-act-together-in-resisting-forces.
Estimating---ans-✔✔The-process-of-determining-the-anticipated-cost-of-materials,-
labor,-and-equipment-of-a-proposed-project.
Take-off---ans-✔✔The-process-in-which-detailed-lists-are-compiled,-based-on-
drawings-and-specifications,-of-all-the-material-and-equipment-necessary-to-construct-
a-project.-The-cost-estimator-uses-this-list-to-calculate-how-much-it-will-cost-to-build-
the-project.
Quantities---ans-✔✔Measured-amounts-of-construction-items-expressed-in-their-
customary-units.
Quantification---ans-✔✔In-estimating-an-activity-to-translate-project-scope-information-
into-resource-quantities-suitable-for-costing.-In-the-engineering-and-construction-
industry,-a-takeoff-is-a-specific-type-of-quantification-that-is-a-measurement-and-listing-
of-quantities-of-materials-from-drawings.
Quantity-Survey---ans-✔✔A-detailed-analysis-of-material-and-equipment-required-to-
construct-a-project.
Area---ans-✔✔A-measurement-of-a-given-planar-region-or-of-the-surface-of-a-solid
Area-Method---ans-✔✔A-construction-cost-estimating-system-employing-unit-square-
foot-costs-multiplied-by-the-adjusted-gross-floor-area-of-a-building.
Length---ans-✔✔the-longest-dimension-of-an-object
Linear-Measurement---ans-✔✔A-unit-or-systems-of-units-for-measuring-length
Dimension---ans-✔✔A-distance-between-two-points,-lines,-or-planes
Specifications---ans-✔✔Documents-that-define-the-quualitative-requirements-for-
products,-materials,-and-workmanship-upon-which-the-contract-for-construction-is-
based
, Drawings---ans-✔✔Graphic-illustrations-depicting-the-dimensions,-design,-and-
location-of-a-project.-Generally-including-plans,-elevations,-details,-diagrams,-
schedules,-and-sections.
Addendum---ans-✔✔A-document-describing-an-addition-change,-correction,-or-
modification-to-contract-documents.-Issued-by-the-design-professional-during-the-
bidding-period-or-prior-to-the-award-of-contract,-and-is-the-primary-method-of-
informing-bidders-of-modifications-to-the-work-during-the-bidding-process.-Addenda-
become-part-of-the-contract-documents.
Amendment---ans-✔✔A-modification-of-the-contract-by-a-subsequent-agreement.-This-
does-not-change-the-entire-existing-contract-but-does-alter-the-terms-of-the-affected-
provisions-or-requirements
Grade---ans-✔✔The-surface-or-level-of-the-ground
Level---ans-✔✔A-term-used-to-describe-any-horizontal-surface-that-has-all-points-at-
the-same-elevation-and-thus-does-not-tilt-or-slope
Site---ans-✔✔The-location-of-a-project-geographically,-usually-defined-by-legal-
boundaries
Elevation---ans-✔✔A-vertical-distance-relative-to-a-reference-point
Cut-and-Fill---ans-✔✔An-operation-commonly-used-in-road-building-and-other-rock-
and-earthmoving-operations-in-which-the-material-excavated-and-removed-from-one-
location-is-used-as-fill-material-at-another-location.
Fill---ans-✔✔The-soil-or-other-material-used-to-raise-the-grade-of-a-site-area
Foundation---ans-✔✔The-entire-masonry-substructure-below-the-first-floor-or-frame-of-
a-building,-including-the-footing-upon-which-the-building-rests.
Grade-Beam---ans-✔✔A-horizontal-end-supported-(as-opposed-to-ground-supported)-
load-bearing-foundation-member-that-supports-an-exterior-wall-of-a-superstructure
Width---ans-✔✔The-measurement-associated-with-an-object's-side-to-side-dimension.
Footing---ans-✔✔That-portion-of-the-foundation-of-a-structure-that-spreads-and-
transmits-the-load-directly-to-the-soil
Reinforced-Concrete---ans-✔✔Concrete-containing-adequate-reinforcement,-
prestressed-or-not-prestressed,-and-designed-on-the-assumption-that-the-two-
materials-(steel-and-concrete)-act-together-in-resisting-forces.
