Systems Path Exam 3 Questions with
Complete Solutions18
a congenital defect in the formation of blood vessels so that arterial vessels connect directly
with venous vessels resulting in dilation of the vessels - ANSWERS-AV fistulas or malformations
most common vessel involved in AV fistulas or malformations? - ANSWERS-middle cerebral
artery
benign tumors of blood vessels - ANSWERS-hemangiomas
tumor of excess capillaries of normal size, fade with age, are bright red - ANSWERS-capillary
hemangioma
tumor of larger capillaries that pool blood, dont fade with age, and are dark red (port wine
stain) - ANSWERS-cavernous hemangioma
cavernous hemangioma on surface of face associated with some degree of mental retardation -
ANSWERS-Sturge-Weber syndrome
rare disease with severe narrowing of the aorta proximal to the ductus arteriosum fatal early in
life unless corrected surgically - ANSWERS-infantile (pre-ductal) coarctation of the aorta
coarctation is after the ductus arteriosus, more common in males, more common in patients
with Turners syndrome, often asymptomatic until adult life - ANSWERS-Adult (post-ductal)
coarctation of the aorta
,associated with bicuspid aortic valve or berry aneurysms - ANSWERS-coarctation of the aorta
Inherited, autosomal dominant (gene 15q) disease of connective tissue where there is a
problem with the production of fibrillin, so elastic fibers aren't deposited correctly. - ANSWERS-
Marfan's Syndrome
primary feature of concern in Marfan's Syndrome - ANSWERS-Dissecting aneurysm
autosomal recessive enzyme deficiency leading to excessive accumulation of GAGs in the
tissues. Has a 10 year life expectancy with death secondary to cardiorespiratory disease. -
ANSWERS-Hurler's syndrome
accumulation of abnormal material in the intima of arterioles thus narrowing the lumen.
Associated with diabetes mellitus and benign hypertension. - ANSWERS-hyaline
arteriolosclerosis
thickening of the media that is associated with rapidly increasing malignant hypertension that
narrows the lumen and stiffens the wall. Presents with onion skin appearance to the tunica
media, fibrinoid necrosis, and migration of smooth muscle cells - ANSWERS-hyperplastic
arteriolosclerosis
most common site of atheroscleosis - ANSWERS-abdominal aorta (problem when plaques form
within the abdominal aneurysm)
deadly triad - ANSWERS-atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes mellitus
definitive feature of atherosclerosis - ANSWERS-simple fibrous atheromatous plaque
where is the plaque in atherosclerosis - ANSWERS-tunica intima
, sustained diastolic pressure above 90 and systolic about 140 - ANSWERS-systemic hypertension
idiopathic, 95% of all cases of systemic hypertension - ANSWERS-primary (essential)
hypertension
5% of all cases of systemic hypertension, majority of causes are of renal origin - ANSWERS-
secondary hypertension
90% of all patients with hypertension, stable for many years, accelerates atherosclerosis (hyaline
arteriolosclerosis), complications are cardiac, CVA, and renal disease - ANSWERS-benign
hypertension
5% of all patients with hypertension, diastolic is greater than 120 and systolic is over 200, death
in 1-2 years without treatment, at risk for cerebral hemorrhage, produces renal failure and
retinal changes, hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis - ANSWERS-malignant hypertension
is raynaud disease a primary or secondary condition? - ANSWERS-primary, occurs in young
females initially, vessels go into spasm
is raynaud phenomenon a primary or secondary condition? - ANSWERS-secondary, can occur at
any age, bronchogenic carcinoma, collagen diseases (SLE, RA), Cryoglobulins present (antibody
that only forms in cold)
dilations of the saphenous system of veins and iliac veins - ANSWERS-varicose veins of the legs
Irreversible dilated vein in the anal region with pregnant women in their third trimester being
most at risk - ANSWERS-hemorrhoids
Complete Solutions18
a congenital defect in the formation of blood vessels so that arterial vessels connect directly
with venous vessels resulting in dilation of the vessels - ANSWERS-AV fistulas or malformations
most common vessel involved in AV fistulas or malformations? - ANSWERS-middle cerebral
artery
benign tumors of blood vessels - ANSWERS-hemangiomas
tumor of excess capillaries of normal size, fade with age, are bright red - ANSWERS-capillary
hemangioma
tumor of larger capillaries that pool blood, dont fade with age, and are dark red (port wine
stain) - ANSWERS-cavernous hemangioma
cavernous hemangioma on surface of face associated with some degree of mental retardation -
ANSWERS-Sturge-Weber syndrome
rare disease with severe narrowing of the aorta proximal to the ductus arteriosum fatal early in
life unless corrected surgically - ANSWERS-infantile (pre-ductal) coarctation of the aorta
coarctation is after the ductus arteriosus, more common in males, more common in patients
with Turners syndrome, often asymptomatic until adult life - ANSWERS-Adult (post-ductal)
coarctation of the aorta
,associated with bicuspid aortic valve or berry aneurysms - ANSWERS-coarctation of the aorta
Inherited, autosomal dominant (gene 15q) disease of connective tissue where there is a
problem with the production of fibrillin, so elastic fibers aren't deposited correctly. - ANSWERS-
Marfan's Syndrome
primary feature of concern in Marfan's Syndrome - ANSWERS-Dissecting aneurysm
autosomal recessive enzyme deficiency leading to excessive accumulation of GAGs in the
tissues. Has a 10 year life expectancy with death secondary to cardiorespiratory disease. -
ANSWERS-Hurler's syndrome
accumulation of abnormal material in the intima of arterioles thus narrowing the lumen.
Associated with diabetes mellitus and benign hypertension. - ANSWERS-hyaline
arteriolosclerosis
thickening of the media that is associated with rapidly increasing malignant hypertension that
narrows the lumen and stiffens the wall. Presents with onion skin appearance to the tunica
media, fibrinoid necrosis, and migration of smooth muscle cells - ANSWERS-hyperplastic
arteriolosclerosis
most common site of atheroscleosis - ANSWERS-abdominal aorta (problem when plaques form
within the abdominal aneurysm)
deadly triad - ANSWERS-atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes mellitus
definitive feature of atherosclerosis - ANSWERS-simple fibrous atheromatous plaque
where is the plaque in atherosclerosis - ANSWERS-tunica intima
, sustained diastolic pressure above 90 and systolic about 140 - ANSWERS-systemic hypertension
idiopathic, 95% of all cases of systemic hypertension - ANSWERS-primary (essential)
hypertension
5% of all cases of systemic hypertension, majority of causes are of renal origin - ANSWERS-
secondary hypertension
90% of all patients with hypertension, stable for many years, accelerates atherosclerosis (hyaline
arteriolosclerosis), complications are cardiac, CVA, and renal disease - ANSWERS-benign
hypertension
5% of all patients with hypertension, diastolic is greater than 120 and systolic is over 200, death
in 1-2 years without treatment, at risk for cerebral hemorrhage, produces renal failure and
retinal changes, hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis - ANSWERS-malignant hypertension
is raynaud disease a primary or secondary condition? - ANSWERS-primary, occurs in young
females initially, vessels go into spasm
is raynaud phenomenon a primary or secondary condition? - ANSWERS-secondary, can occur at
any age, bronchogenic carcinoma, collagen diseases (SLE, RA), Cryoglobulins present (antibody
that only forms in cold)
dilations of the saphenous system of veins and iliac veins - ANSWERS-varicose veins of the legs
Irreversible dilated vein in the anal region with pregnant women in their third trimester being
most at risk - ANSWERS-hemorrhoids
