GMS 6504 PRACTICE EXAM
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED
SOLUTIONS 2026
▶ what are the major organs in the skeletal system?. Answer: bones
cartilage
bone marrow
▶ how many bones are in the human body?. Answer: 206 bones
▶ what are the functions of the skeletal system?. Answer: provides
support
provides protection
stores calcium/other minerals
forms blood cells
▶ how is skeletal muscle organized?. Answer: muscle attached to tendon
tendon attached to bone
▶ what are the major organs in the muscular system?. Answer: skeletal
muscles
associated tendons
▶ how many muscles are there in the body. Answer: 650 muscles
▶ how does the muscular system use the energy in the body. Answer:
40% energy muscle contraction
60% generate heat
▶ what are the functions of the muscular system. Answer: provides
movement
provides protection/support
generates heat to maintain body temperature
,▶ what are the two main components of muscles?. Answer: myosin and
actin
▶ how many leg muscles are required to walk>. Answer: 12
▶ what is voluntary movement controlled by. Answer: brain
motor neurons
neuromuscular junctions
▶ what are the three different types of muscle types. Answer: skeletal
muscle
cardiac muscle
smooth muscle
▶ what two muscle types are involuntary. Answer: smooth and cardiac
▶ what type of muscle is spindle shaped and in irregular bundles with dark
nuclei. Answer: smooth muscle
▶ what type of muscle has striations visible. Answer: skeletal muscle
▶ what type of muscle is in the GI tract (esophagus, stomach). Answer:
smooth muscle
▶ what are the major organs of the digestive system. Answer: teeth,
tongue, pharynx
esophagus
stomach
small intestine
large intestine
liver
gallbladder
pancreas
▶ what are the functions of the digestive system. Answer: process and
digest food
absorb and conserve water
breakdown sugar, proteins, fats
store energy reserves
, generate heat for body temp.
▶ what structures are involved in chewing. Answer: tongue
teeth
oral cavity
▶ what structures are involved in the GI tract. Answer: esophagus
liver
pancreas
▶ what are the three layers of the esophagus. Answer: folded at rest
mucosa-inner layer
connective tissues, mucous glands-middle
smooth muscle-outer layer
▶ what happens in the inner layer of the stomach. Answer: secretion of
gastric juice
(mucous, digestive enzyme, HCl)
▶ what is the volume of intestinal juices secreted daily. Answer: 6.5-8
Liters
▶ how much water is lost in the feces each day>. Answer: 100 mL per day
(most juice will be reabsorbed)
▶ what is the role of the villi in the small intestine. Answer: to increase
surface area of the intestine to help with absorbing carbs, proteins, and fats
▶ why is the intestine rich in blood vessels?. Answer: to help generate
more juice
▶ what percent of the population is obese?. Answer: 1/3
▶ what is the highest risk factor for hypertension?. Answer: obesity
▶ what happens during gastric bypass surgery>. Answer: upper stomach
is cut and reconnected to the small intestine
most of the stomach is bypassed
▶ what are the major organs of the cardiovascular system. Answer: heart
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED
SOLUTIONS 2026
▶ what are the major organs in the skeletal system?. Answer: bones
cartilage
bone marrow
▶ how many bones are in the human body?. Answer: 206 bones
▶ what are the functions of the skeletal system?. Answer: provides
support
provides protection
stores calcium/other minerals
forms blood cells
▶ how is skeletal muscle organized?. Answer: muscle attached to tendon
tendon attached to bone
▶ what are the major organs in the muscular system?. Answer: skeletal
muscles
associated tendons
▶ how many muscles are there in the body. Answer: 650 muscles
▶ how does the muscular system use the energy in the body. Answer:
40% energy muscle contraction
60% generate heat
▶ what are the functions of the muscular system. Answer: provides
movement
provides protection/support
generates heat to maintain body temperature
,▶ what are the two main components of muscles?. Answer: myosin and
actin
▶ how many leg muscles are required to walk>. Answer: 12
▶ what is voluntary movement controlled by. Answer: brain
motor neurons
neuromuscular junctions
▶ what are the three different types of muscle types. Answer: skeletal
muscle
cardiac muscle
smooth muscle
▶ what two muscle types are involuntary. Answer: smooth and cardiac
▶ what type of muscle is spindle shaped and in irregular bundles with dark
nuclei. Answer: smooth muscle
▶ what type of muscle has striations visible. Answer: skeletal muscle
▶ what type of muscle is in the GI tract (esophagus, stomach). Answer:
smooth muscle
▶ what are the major organs of the digestive system. Answer: teeth,
tongue, pharynx
esophagus
stomach
small intestine
large intestine
liver
gallbladder
pancreas
▶ what are the functions of the digestive system. Answer: process and
digest food
absorb and conserve water
breakdown sugar, proteins, fats
store energy reserves
, generate heat for body temp.
▶ what structures are involved in chewing. Answer: tongue
teeth
oral cavity
▶ what structures are involved in the GI tract. Answer: esophagus
liver
pancreas
▶ what are the three layers of the esophagus. Answer: folded at rest
mucosa-inner layer
connective tissues, mucous glands-middle
smooth muscle-outer layer
▶ what happens in the inner layer of the stomach. Answer: secretion of
gastric juice
(mucous, digestive enzyme, HCl)
▶ what is the volume of intestinal juices secreted daily. Answer: 6.5-8
Liters
▶ how much water is lost in the feces each day>. Answer: 100 mL per day
(most juice will be reabsorbed)
▶ what is the role of the villi in the small intestine. Answer: to increase
surface area of the intestine to help with absorbing carbs, proteins, and fats
▶ why is the intestine rich in blood vessels?. Answer: to help generate
more juice
▶ what percent of the population is obese?. Answer: 1/3
▶ what is the highest risk factor for hypertension?. Answer: obesity
▶ what happens during gastric bypass surgery>. Answer: upper stomach
is cut and reconnected to the small intestine
most of the stomach is bypassed
▶ what are the major organs of the cardiovascular system. Answer: heart
