BIOS 251 Final Exam 1 (Latest Update
) Anatomy and Physiology IV
with Lab | Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
1. Which organelle is responsible for cellular respiration?
A. Ribosome
B. Mitochondria
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Mitochondria produce ATP through oxidative
phosphorylation, providing energy for the cell.
2. Which macromolecule stores genetic information?
A. Protein
B. Nucleic acid
C. Carbohydrate
D. Lipid
Correct answer: B
Rationale: DNA and RNA store and transmit genetic information
essential for protein synthesis.
,3. Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for
secretion?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Rough ER
C. Smooth ER
D. Lysosome
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The Golgi apparatus processes and packages proteins for
transport within and outside the cell.
4. Which macromolecule serves as long-term energy storage in
animals?
A. Lipid
B. Protein
C. Carbohydrate
D. Nucleic acid
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Triglycerides store energy efficiently and provide
insulation.
5. Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?
A. Ribosome
B. Lysosome
,C. Smooth ER
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Ribosomes translate mRNA into proteins, which are
essential for cellular function.
6. Which carbohydrate forms plant cell walls?
A. Starch
B. Cellulose
C. Glycogen
D. Chitin
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Cellulose provides structural support and rigidity to plant
cells.
7. Which organelle detoxifies hydrogen peroxide?
A. Peroxisome
B. Lysosome
C. Smooth ER
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Peroxisomes neutralize reactive oxygen species and
metabolize fatty acids.
, 8. During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication
occur?
A. G1
B. S
C. G2
D. M
Correct answer: B
Rationale: DNA replication occurs in the S phase to prepare for cell
division.
9. Proteins are composed of which monomers?
A. Amino acids
B. Monosaccharides
C. Nucleotides
D. Fatty acids
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Amino acids link together via peptide bonds to form
proteins.
10. Which organelle stores calcium ions for signaling?
A. Smooth ER
B. Rough ER
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
) Anatomy and Physiology IV
with Lab | Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
1. Which organelle is responsible for cellular respiration?
A. Ribosome
B. Mitochondria
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Mitochondria produce ATP through oxidative
phosphorylation, providing energy for the cell.
2. Which macromolecule stores genetic information?
A. Protein
B. Nucleic acid
C. Carbohydrate
D. Lipid
Correct answer: B
Rationale: DNA and RNA store and transmit genetic information
essential for protein synthesis.
,3. Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for
secretion?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Rough ER
C. Smooth ER
D. Lysosome
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The Golgi apparatus processes and packages proteins for
transport within and outside the cell.
4. Which macromolecule serves as long-term energy storage in
animals?
A. Lipid
B. Protein
C. Carbohydrate
D. Nucleic acid
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Triglycerides store energy efficiently and provide
insulation.
5. Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?
A. Ribosome
B. Lysosome
,C. Smooth ER
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Ribosomes translate mRNA into proteins, which are
essential for cellular function.
6. Which carbohydrate forms plant cell walls?
A. Starch
B. Cellulose
C. Glycogen
D. Chitin
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Cellulose provides structural support and rigidity to plant
cells.
7. Which organelle detoxifies hydrogen peroxide?
A. Peroxisome
B. Lysosome
C. Smooth ER
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Peroxisomes neutralize reactive oxygen species and
metabolize fatty acids.
, 8. During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication
occur?
A. G1
B. S
C. G2
D. M
Correct answer: B
Rationale: DNA replication occurs in the S phase to prepare for cell
division.
9. Proteins are composed of which monomers?
A. Amino acids
B. Monosaccharides
C. Nucleotides
D. Fatty acids
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Amino acids link together via peptide bonds to form
proteins.
10. Which organelle stores calcium ions for signaling?
A. Smooth ER
B. Rough ER
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
