BIOS 251 Final Exam 2 (Latest Update
) Anatomy and Physiology IV
with Lab | Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
1. Which organelle is responsible for oxidative phosphorylation?
A. Ribosome
B. Mitochondria
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Mitochondria produce ATP through oxidative
phosphorylation, the primary energy source for the cell.
2. Which macromolecule carries genetic information?
A. Protein
B. Nucleic acid
C. Lipid
D. Carbohydrate
Correct answer: B
Rationale: DNA stores hereditary information, and RNA plays a
role in protein synthesis.
,3. Which organelle modifies and packages proteins for secretion?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Rough ER
C. Smooth ER
D. Lysosome
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Golgi apparatus processes, sorts, and packages proteins
for transport.
4. Which macromolecule stores long-term energy in animals?
A. Protein
B. Lipid
C. Carbohydrate
D. Nucleic acid
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Triglycerides are stored in adipose tissue and provide
energy reserves.
5. Which organelle synthesizes proteins?
A. Ribosome
B. Lysosome
C. Smooth ER
D. Golgi apparatus
,Correct answer: A
Rationale: Ribosomes translate mRNA into proteins required for
cellular functions.
6. Which carbohydrate forms plant cell walls?
A. Starch
B. Cellulose
C. Glycogen
D. Chitin
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Cellulose provides structural rigidity to plant cells.
7. Which organelle detoxifies hydrogen peroxide?
A. Peroxisome
B. Lysosome
C. Smooth ER
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Peroxisomes metabolize fatty acids and neutralize
reactive oxygen species.
8. During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication
occur?
, A. G1
B. S
C. G2
D. M
Correct answer: B
Rationale: DNA replication takes place in the S phase to prepare for
cell division.
9. Proteins are composed of which monomers?
A. Amino acids
B. Monosaccharides
C. Nucleotides
D. Fatty acids
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Amino acids link via peptide bonds to form functional
proteins.
10. Which organelle stores calcium ions?
A. Smooth ER
B. Rough ER
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
) Anatomy and Physiology IV
with Lab | Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
1. Which organelle is responsible for oxidative phosphorylation?
A. Ribosome
B. Mitochondria
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Mitochondria produce ATP through oxidative
phosphorylation, the primary energy source for the cell.
2. Which macromolecule carries genetic information?
A. Protein
B. Nucleic acid
C. Lipid
D. Carbohydrate
Correct answer: B
Rationale: DNA stores hereditary information, and RNA plays a
role in protein synthesis.
,3. Which organelle modifies and packages proteins for secretion?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Rough ER
C. Smooth ER
D. Lysosome
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Golgi apparatus processes, sorts, and packages proteins
for transport.
4. Which macromolecule stores long-term energy in animals?
A. Protein
B. Lipid
C. Carbohydrate
D. Nucleic acid
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Triglycerides are stored in adipose tissue and provide
energy reserves.
5. Which organelle synthesizes proteins?
A. Ribosome
B. Lysosome
C. Smooth ER
D. Golgi apparatus
,Correct answer: A
Rationale: Ribosomes translate mRNA into proteins required for
cellular functions.
6. Which carbohydrate forms plant cell walls?
A. Starch
B. Cellulose
C. Glycogen
D. Chitin
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Cellulose provides structural rigidity to plant cells.
7. Which organelle detoxifies hydrogen peroxide?
A. Peroxisome
B. Lysosome
C. Smooth ER
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Peroxisomes metabolize fatty acids and neutralize
reactive oxygen species.
8. During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication
occur?
, A. G1
B. S
C. G2
D. M
Correct answer: B
Rationale: DNA replication takes place in the S phase to prepare for
cell division.
9. Proteins are composed of which monomers?
A. Amino acids
B. Monosaccharides
C. Nucleotides
D. Fatty acids
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Amino acids link via peptide bonds to form functional
proteins.
10. Which organelle stores calcium ions?
A. Smooth ER
B. Rough ER
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
