ATI TEAS Exam Science Review Updated Study
Guide Questions and Answers | Focused
Revision Pack | A+ Verified
• Ion . Answer: A charged atom
• Isotope . Answer: An atom with the same number of protons and a different
number of neutrons from other atoms of the same element.
• atomic weight . Answer: the number of protons plus the number of neutrons
• atomic number . Answer: the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
• ionic bond . Answer: A chemical bond resulting from the attraction between
oppositely charged ions.
• hydrogen bonds . Answer: weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another
atom
• covalent bond . Answer: A chemical bond formed when two atoms share
electrons
• polar bonds . Answer: unequal sharing of electrons
• Fahrenheit to Celsius . Answer: C=(F-32)/1.8
• Celsius to Fahrenheit . Answer: F= 1.8 (C) +32
• Deposition . Answer: gas to solid
• Osmosis vs. Diffusion . Answer: Osmosis - water crossing membrane to create
equilibrium
Diffusion - substance going from higher to lower concentration
• active transport . Answer: Energy-requiring process that moves material across a
cell membrane against a concentration difference
,• facilitated diffusion . Answer: Movement of specific molecules across cell
membranes through protein channels
• Hypertonic vs. Hypotonic . Answer: higher solute concentration; lower solute
concentration
• simple diffusion . Answer: Diffusion that doesn't involve a direct input of energy
or assistance by carrier proteins.
• Formula for a chemical reaction . Answer: aA +bB --> cC + dD
• A+B->AB . Answer: synthesis
• AB->A+B . Answer: decomposition
• AB+C-->A+BC . Answer: single replacement
• AB +CD ---> AD + CB . Answer: double replacement
• stoichiometric coefficients . Answer: -numbers placed in front of each compound
-used to indicate the relative # of moles of a given species involved in the reaction
• redox reaction . Answer: A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or
more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation-reduction
reaction.
• combustion reaction . Answer: a chemical reaction that occurs when a substance
reacts with oxygen, releasing energy in the form of heat and light
• Acids . Answer: compounds that form hydrogen ions when dissolved in water
Low on the PH scale
• Bases . Answer: Compounds that reduce the concentration of hydrogen ions in a
solution.
High on the PH scale
• C6H12O6 . Answer: glucose
• Monosaccharides . Answer: glucose, fructose, galactose
, • Disaccharide . Answer: A double sugar, consisting of two monosaccharides
joined by dehydration synthesis.
• Polysaccharides . Answer: large macromolecules formed from monosaccharides
• Lipid . Answer: Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes,
that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
• saturated fats . Answer: fats that are solid at room temperature
• unsaturated fats . Answer: liquid at room temperature
• Starches . Answer: Complex carbohydrates that are composed of many sugars
linked together.
• Nucleotides . Answer: the building blocks of nucleic acids consisting of a five-
carbon sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group.
• Amino acids vs proteins . Answer: Amino acids are the individual building block
units of a protein, where a protein is a specific chain of a amino acids that assumes
a specific three-dimensional shape.
• Collagen . Answer: structural protein found in the skin and connective tissue
• nitrogenous base . Answer: An organic base that contains nitrogen, such as a
purine or pyrimidine; a subunit of a nucleotide in DNA and RNA
• complimentary base pairing . Answer: hydrogen bonding between particular
bases; in DNA, thymine (T) pairs with adenine (A), and guanine (G) pairs with
cytosine (C); in RNA, uracil (U) pairs with A, and G pairs with C
• Nucleotide . Answer: monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a
phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
• homologous chromosomes . Answer: Chromosomes that have the same sequence
of genes and the same structure
• Transcription (DNA to RNA) . Answer: Unit: stretch of DNA that codes for a
polypeptide or RNA (tRNA, rRNA)
Guide Questions and Answers | Focused
Revision Pack | A+ Verified
• Ion . Answer: A charged atom
• Isotope . Answer: An atom with the same number of protons and a different
number of neutrons from other atoms of the same element.
• atomic weight . Answer: the number of protons plus the number of neutrons
• atomic number . Answer: the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
• ionic bond . Answer: A chemical bond resulting from the attraction between
oppositely charged ions.
• hydrogen bonds . Answer: weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another
atom
• covalent bond . Answer: A chemical bond formed when two atoms share
electrons
• polar bonds . Answer: unequal sharing of electrons
• Fahrenheit to Celsius . Answer: C=(F-32)/1.8
• Celsius to Fahrenheit . Answer: F= 1.8 (C) +32
• Deposition . Answer: gas to solid
• Osmosis vs. Diffusion . Answer: Osmosis - water crossing membrane to create
equilibrium
Diffusion - substance going from higher to lower concentration
• active transport . Answer: Energy-requiring process that moves material across a
cell membrane against a concentration difference
,• facilitated diffusion . Answer: Movement of specific molecules across cell
membranes through protein channels
• Hypertonic vs. Hypotonic . Answer: higher solute concentration; lower solute
concentration
• simple diffusion . Answer: Diffusion that doesn't involve a direct input of energy
or assistance by carrier proteins.
• Formula for a chemical reaction . Answer: aA +bB --> cC + dD
• A+B->AB . Answer: synthesis
• AB->A+B . Answer: decomposition
• AB+C-->A+BC . Answer: single replacement
• AB +CD ---> AD + CB . Answer: double replacement
• stoichiometric coefficients . Answer: -numbers placed in front of each compound
-used to indicate the relative # of moles of a given species involved in the reaction
• redox reaction . Answer: A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or
more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation-reduction
reaction.
• combustion reaction . Answer: a chemical reaction that occurs when a substance
reacts with oxygen, releasing energy in the form of heat and light
• Acids . Answer: compounds that form hydrogen ions when dissolved in water
Low on the PH scale
• Bases . Answer: Compounds that reduce the concentration of hydrogen ions in a
solution.
High on the PH scale
• C6H12O6 . Answer: glucose
• Monosaccharides . Answer: glucose, fructose, galactose
, • Disaccharide . Answer: A double sugar, consisting of two monosaccharides
joined by dehydration synthesis.
• Polysaccharides . Answer: large macromolecules formed from monosaccharides
• Lipid . Answer: Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes,
that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
• saturated fats . Answer: fats that are solid at room temperature
• unsaturated fats . Answer: liquid at room temperature
• Starches . Answer: Complex carbohydrates that are composed of many sugars
linked together.
• Nucleotides . Answer: the building blocks of nucleic acids consisting of a five-
carbon sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group.
• Amino acids vs proteins . Answer: Amino acids are the individual building block
units of a protein, where a protein is a specific chain of a amino acids that assumes
a specific three-dimensional shape.
• Collagen . Answer: structural protein found in the skin and connective tissue
• nitrogenous base . Answer: An organic base that contains nitrogen, such as a
purine or pyrimidine; a subunit of a nucleotide in DNA and RNA
• complimentary base pairing . Answer: hydrogen bonding between particular
bases; in DNA, thymine (T) pairs with adenine (A), and guanine (G) pairs with
cytosine (C); in RNA, uracil (U) pairs with A, and G pairs with C
• Nucleotide . Answer: monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a
phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
• homologous chromosomes . Answer: Chromosomes that have the same sequence
of genes and the same structure
• Transcription (DNA to RNA) . Answer: Unit: stretch of DNA that codes for a
polypeptide or RNA (tRNA, rRNA)
