Anatomy & Physiology Bio 109 Exam 1 Questions With
Complete Solutions
acid Correct Answers ionic compound that dissociates in water
and releases H+ ions; strong ones dissociate completely;
counter-acts bases. pH of 0-6.6ish, ex: vinegar
anaphase Correct Answers 3rd phase: shortening microtubules
originating from the spindle pull on each side of chromosomes,
splitting them in half & bringing each daughter chromatid to
opposite ends of the cell
ATP
[Adenosine triphosphate] Correct Answers the universal energy
source for every chemical reaction in the body.
base Correct Answers ionic compound that dissociates in water
and removes H+ ions, many liberate hydroxide ( OH- ) which
bind to the H+. pH of 7.6ish-14, ex: baking soda
buffer Correct Answers salt of a weak acid or base; resists
abrupt or large swings in pH by acting as an acid when pH
begins to rise and by acting like a base when pH begins to fall
Bicarbonate (HCO3-) & negative charged proteins are common
physiological ones
carbohydrate Correct Answers synonym of saccharide; an
organic compound that consists only of C, H, and O, usually
with a hydrogen:oxygen atom ratio of 2:1
, Function: rapid fuel source for body, may be converted to fat;
may be converted to some amino acids if body is depleted of
protein; secondary function as cell membrane markers
cell division Correct Answers essential for growth and repair,
composed of two distinct phases: mitosis & cytokinesis
centrioles Correct Answers composed of cylinders of
microtubule triplets; support structure for cell; vital to separation
of chromatids during mitosis
chemical reactions Correct Answers the formation, breaking, or
re-arrangement of chemical bonds. Reactions proceed to
equilibrium, where the reaction proceeds in both directions at
the same rate. Substances must collide violently to react,
reactions occur faster with:
decreasing particle size, increase in temp, increase in
concentration of reactants, presence of catalysts.
chemical synthesis Correct Answers a direct [chemical]
combination reaction, in which two or more substances combine
to form a single product. Usually exothermic (releases
energy/heat).
A + B → AB (or A + B <--> C )
Components of plasma membrane Correct Answers bilayer:
isolation/protection
anchoring proteins
recognition proteins
enzymes
receptors
Complete Solutions
acid Correct Answers ionic compound that dissociates in water
and releases H+ ions; strong ones dissociate completely;
counter-acts bases. pH of 0-6.6ish, ex: vinegar
anaphase Correct Answers 3rd phase: shortening microtubules
originating from the spindle pull on each side of chromosomes,
splitting them in half & bringing each daughter chromatid to
opposite ends of the cell
ATP
[Adenosine triphosphate] Correct Answers the universal energy
source for every chemical reaction in the body.
base Correct Answers ionic compound that dissociates in water
and removes H+ ions, many liberate hydroxide ( OH- ) which
bind to the H+. pH of 7.6ish-14, ex: baking soda
buffer Correct Answers salt of a weak acid or base; resists
abrupt or large swings in pH by acting as an acid when pH
begins to rise and by acting like a base when pH begins to fall
Bicarbonate (HCO3-) & negative charged proteins are common
physiological ones
carbohydrate Correct Answers synonym of saccharide; an
organic compound that consists only of C, H, and O, usually
with a hydrogen:oxygen atom ratio of 2:1
, Function: rapid fuel source for body, may be converted to fat;
may be converted to some amino acids if body is depleted of
protein; secondary function as cell membrane markers
cell division Correct Answers essential for growth and repair,
composed of two distinct phases: mitosis & cytokinesis
centrioles Correct Answers composed of cylinders of
microtubule triplets; support structure for cell; vital to separation
of chromatids during mitosis
chemical reactions Correct Answers the formation, breaking, or
re-arrangement of chemical bonds. Reactions proceed to
equilibrium, where the reaction proceeds in both directions at
the same rate. Substances must collide violently to react,
reactions occur faster with:
decreasing particle size, increase in temp, increase in
concentration of reactants, presence of catalysts.
chemical synthesis Correct Answers a direct [chemical]
combination reaction, in which two or more substances combine
to form a single product. Usually exothermic (releases
energy/heat).
A + B → AB (or A + B <--> C )
Components of plasma membrane Correct Answers bilayer:
isolation/protection
anchoring proteins
recognition proteins
enzymes
receptors
