251 Week 3 Quiz Exam 2 (Latest Update
) Anatomy and Physiology IV
with Lab | Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
1. What is the functional unit of the kidney?
A. Nephron
B. Glomerulus
C. Bowman’s capsule
D. Loop of Henle
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nephron is the basic structural and functional unit
of the kidney.
2. Which part of the nephron filters blood?
A. Proximal tubule
B. Glomerulus
C. Loop of Henle
D. Distal tubule
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The glomerulus filters blood plasma into the Bowman’s
capsule.
,3. Which part of the nephron reabsorbs most water and solutes?
A. Proximal tubule
B. Distal tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The proximal tubule reabsorbs approximately 65–70% of
filtered substances.
4. Which part of the nephron establishes the medullary osmotic
gradient?
A. Proximal tubule
B. Loop of Henle
C. Distal tubule
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Loop of Henle creates a concentration gradient in
the medulla.
5. Which hormone increases water reabsorption in the collecting
ducts?
A. Aldosterone
B. ADH
,C. Renin
D. Angiotensin II
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ADH (antidiuretic hormone) increases water
reabsorption in collecting ducts.
6. Which hormone increases sodium reabsorption in the distal
tubule?
A. Aldosterone
B. ADH
C. Renin
D. ANP
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aldosterone stimulates sodium reabsorption and
potassium secretion.
7. Which enzyme converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I?
A. ACE
B. Renin
C. Aldosterone
D. ADH
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Renin catalyzes the conversion of angiotensinogen to
angiotensin I.
, 8. Which enzyme converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II?
A. ACE
B. Renin
C. Aldosterone
D. ADH
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) produces
angiotensin II.
9. Which part of the nephron is most permeable to water?
A. Proximal tubule
B. Descending loop of Henle
C. Ascending loop of Henle
D. Distal tubule
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The descending loop is highly permeable to water but not
solutes.
10. Which part of the nephron actively reabsorbs Na+ but is
impermeable to water?
A. Proximal tubule
B. Ascending loop of Henle
C. Descending loop of Henle
D. Collecting duct
) Anatomy and Physiology IV
with Lab | Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
1. What is the functional unit of the kidney?
A. Nephron
B. Glomerulus
C. Bowman’s capsule
D. Loop of Henle
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nephron is the basic structural and functional unit
of the kidney.
2. Which part of the nephron filters blood?
A. Proximal tubule
B. Glomerulus
C. Loop of Henle
D. Distal tubule
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The glomerulus filters blood plasma into the Bowman’s
capsule.
,3. Which part of the nephron reabsorbs most water and solutes?
A. Proximal tubule
B. Distal tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The proximal tubule reabsorbs approximately 65–70% of
filtered substances.
4. Which part of the nephron establishes the medullary osmotic
gradient?
A. Proximal tubule
B. Loop of Henle
C. Distal tubule
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Loop of Henle creates a concentration gradient in
the medulla.
5. Which hormone increases water reabsorption in the collecting
ducts?
A. Aldosterone
B. ADH
,C. Renin
D. Angiotensin II
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ADH (antidiuretic hormone) increases water
reabsorption in collecting ducts.
6. Which hormone increases sodium reabsorption in the distal
tubule?
A. Aldosterone
B. ADH
C. Renin
D. ANP
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aldosterone stimulates sodium reabsorption and
potassium secretion.
7. Which enzyme converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I?
A. ACE
B. Renin
C. Aldosterone
D. ADH
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Renin catalyzes the conversion of angiotensinogen to
angiotensin I.
, 8. Which enzyme converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II?
A. ACE
B. Renin
C. Aldosterone
D. ADH
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) produces
angiotensin II.
9. Which part of the nephron is most permeable to water?
A. Proximal tubule
B. Descending loop of Henle
C. Ascending loop of Henle
D. Distal tubule
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The descending loop is highly permeable to water but not
solutes.
10. Which part of the nephron actively reabsorbs Na+ but is
impermeable to water?
A. Proximal tubule
B. Ascending loop of Henle
C. Descending loop of Henle
D. Collecting duct
