242 Midterm Exam 2(Latest Update 2025 /
2026) Anatomy and Physiology IV with
Lab | Questions & Answers | 100% Correct
| Grade A - Chamberlain
1. Which organelle is the powerhouse of the cell?
A. Nucleus
B. Ribosome
C. Mitochondria
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Mitochondria produce ATP through cellular respiration.
2. Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins?
A. Ribosome
B. Endoplasmic reticulum
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The Golgi apparatus processes and packages proteins for
secretion or use in the cell.
,3. Which organelle synthesizes proteins?
A. Nucleus
B. Ribosome
C. Mitochondria
D. Lysosome
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Ribosomes translate mRNA into proteins.
4. Which organelle is responsible for lipid synthesis?
A. Rough ER
B. Smooth ER
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Smooth ER synthesizes lipids and detoxifies chemicals.
5. Which organelle contains digestive enzymes?
A. Peroxisome
B. Lysosome
C. Ribosome
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Lysosomes digest cellular waste and foreign particles.
,6. Which organelle contains enzymes for detoxifying harmful
substances?
A. Peroxisome
B. Lysosome
C. Smooth ER
D. Mitochondria
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Peroxisomes break down fatty acids and detoxify
hydrogen peroxide.
7. Which structure controls entry and exit of substances in the
cell?
A. Nucleus
B. Plasma membrane
C. Ribosome
D. Cytoplasm
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The plasma membrane regulates transport and protects
the cell.
8. Which part of the cytoskeleton maintains cell shape?
A. Microtubules
B. Microfilaments
C. Intermediate filaments
, D. All of the above
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The cytoskeleton is made of microtubules,
microfilaments, and intermediate filaments.
9. Which cytoskeleton component forms cilia and flagella?
A. Microfilaments
B. Microtubules
C. Intermediate filaments
D. Actin
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Microtubules form the structural core of cilia and
flagella.
10. Which phase of the cell cycle involves DNA replication?
A. G1
B. S
C. G2
D. M
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The S phase is where DNA is duplicated.
11. Which phase of mitosis involves separation of sister
chromatids?
2026) Anatomy and Physiology IV with
Lab | Questions & Answers | 100% Correct
| Grade A - Chamberlain
1. Which organelle is the powerhouse of the cell?
A. Nucleus
B. Ribosome
C. Mitochondria
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Mitochondria produce ATP through cellular respiration.
2. Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins?
A. Ribosome
B. Endoplasmic reticulum
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The Golgi apparatus processes and packages proteins for
secretion or use in the cell.
,3. Which organelle synthesizes proteins?
A. Nucleus
B. Ribosome
C. Mitochondria
D. Lysosome
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Ribosomes translate mRNA into proteins.
4. Which organelle is responsible for lipid synthesis?
A. Rough ER
B. Smooth ER
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Smooth ER synthesizes lipids and detoxifies chemicals.
5. Which organelle contains digestive enzymes?
A. Peroxisome
B. Lysosome
C. Ribosome
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Lysosomes digest cellular waste and foreign particles.
,6. Which organelle contains enzymes for detoxifying harmful
substances?
A. Peroxisome
B. Lysosome
C. Smooth ER
D. Mitochondria
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Peroxisomes break down fatty acids and detoxify
hydrogen peroxide.
7. Which structure controls entry and exit of substances in the
cell?
A. Nucleus
B. Plasma membrane
C. Ribosome
D. Cytoplasm
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The plasma membrane regulates transport and protects
the cell.
8. Which part of the cytoskeleton maintains cell shape?
A. Microtubules
B. Microfilaments
C. Intermediate filaments
, D. All of the above
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The cytoskeleton is made of microtubules,
microfilaments, and intermediate filaments.
9. Which cytoskeleton component forms cilia and flagella?
A. Microfilaments
B. Microtubules
C. Intermediate filaments
D. Actin
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Microtubules form the structural core of cilia and
flagella.
10. Which phase of the cell cycle involves DNA replication?
A. G1
B. S
C. G2
D. M
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The S phase is where DNA is duplicated.
11. Which phase of mitosis involves separation of sister
chromatids?
